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中部第58经 · 无畏王子经 Abhayarājakumārasuttaṃ

本经目录八、无畏王子经

83PTS 1.393缅 2.55已对照

八、无畏王子经

八十三、如是我闻——一时,世尊住在王舍城(Rājagaha)竹林迦兰陀园(Veḷuvana Kalandakanivāpa)。那时,无畏王子(Abhaya rājakumāra)来到尼乾陀·若提子(Nigaṇṭha Nāṭaputta)之处;到了之后,礼敬尼乾陀·若提子,坐在一旁。尼乾陀·若提子对坐在一旁的无畏王子这样说——“王子,来吧,你去对沙门乔达摩施加论难。这样,你的善名声将会传扬:‘无畏王子对有如此大神通力、如此大威力的沙门乔达摩施加了论难。’”“尊者,我要如何对有如此大神通力、如此大威力的沙门乔达摩施加论难呢?”“王子,来吧,你去沙门乔达摩之处;到了之后,对沙门乔达摩这样说:‘尊者,如来会说那对他人是不可爱、不可意的语吗?’如果沙门乔达摩被你这样问时这样回答:‘王子,如来会说那对他人是不可爱、不可意的语’,你就对他这样说:‘那么,尊者,你与凡夫又有什么差别呢?因为凡夫也会说那对他人是不可爱、不可意的语。’而如果沙门乔达摩被你这样问时这样回答:‘王子,如来不会说那对他人是不可爱、不可意的语’,你就对他这样说:‘那么,尊者,你为什么记说提婆达多(Devadatta):“提婆达多是堕苦界的,提婆达多是堕地狱的,提婆达多是住劫的,提婆达多是不可救治的”?而提婆达多因你那话而愤怒、不悦。’王子,沙门乔达摩被你问了这两端的问题,既不能吐出,也不能吞下。犹如有人的喉咙里卡了一枚铁蒺藜,他既不能吐出,也不能吞下;王子,正是这样,沙门乔达摩被你问了这两端的问题,既不能吐出,也不能吞下。”“是的,尊者。”无畏王子应诺了尼乾陀·若提子,从座而起,礼敬尼乾陀·若提子,右绕之后,来到世尊之处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,坐在一旁。

83. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho abhayo rājakumāro yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho abhayaṃ rājakumāraṃ nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto etadavoca – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, rājakumāra, samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṃ āropehi. Evaṃ te kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchissati – ‘abhayena rājakumārena samaṇassa gotamassa evaṃ mahiddhikassa evaṃ mahānubhāvassa vādo āropito’’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ panāhaṃ, bhante, samaṇassa gotamassa evaṃ mahiddhikassa evaṃ mahānubhāvassa vādaṃ āropessāmī’’ti? ‘‘Ehi tvaṃ, rājakumāra, yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ vadehi – ‘bhāseyya nu kho, bhante, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’ti? Sace te samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākaroti – ‘bhāseyya, rājakumāra, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’ti, tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – ‘atha kiñcarahi te, bhante, puthujjanena nānākaraṇaṃ? Puthujjanopi hi taṃ vācaṃ bhāseyya yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’ti. Sace pana te samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākaroti – ‘na, rājakumāra, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ bhāseyya yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’ti, tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – ‘atha kiñcarahi te, bhante, devadatto byākato – ‘‘āpāyiko devadatto, nerayiko devadatto, kappaṭṭho devadatto, atekiccho devadatto’’ti? Tāya ca pana te vācāya devadatto kupito ahosi anattamano’ti. Imaṃ kho te, rājakumāra, samaṇo gotamo ubhatokoṭikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno neva sakkhiti uggilituṃ na sakkhiti ogilituṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma purisassa ayosiṅghāṭakaṃ kaṇṭhe vilaggaṃ, so neva sakkuṇeyya uggilituṃ na sakkuṇeyya ogilituṃ; evameva kho te, rājakumāra, samaṇo gotamo imaṃ ubhatokoṭikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno neva sakkhiti uggilituṃ na sakkhiti ogilitu’’nti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho abhayo rājakumāro nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.
84缅 2.56已对照

八十四、坐在一旁的无畏王子望了望太阳,心想:“今天已不是对世尊施加论难的时候了。明天我就在自己的住处对世尊施加论难。”便对世尊这样说——“尊者,愿世尊以自身为第四[人],接受我明日的饭食。”世尊以默然表示接受。于是,无畏王子知道世尊已经接受,便从座而起,礼敬世尊,右绕之后离去。于是,世尊在那一夜过后,在上午穿好[下衣],取了钵与衣,来到无畏王子的住处;到了之后,坐在所敷设的座位上。于是,无畏王子以上妙的嚼食、啖食亲手奉侍世尊,使之饱足满意。当世尊食毕、手已离钵时,无畏王子取了一个低座,坐在一旁。

84. Ekamantaṃ nisinnassa kho abhayassa rājakumārassa sūriyaṃ [suriyaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] ulloketvā etadahosi – ‘‘akālo kho ajja bhagavato vādaṃ āropetuṃ. Sve dānāhaṃ sake nivesane bhagavato vādaṃ āropessāmī’’ti bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya attacatuttho bhatta’’nti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho abhayo rājakumāro bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena abhayassa rājakumārassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho abhayo rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi. Atha kho abhayo rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.
85PTS 1.394缅 2.57已对照

八十五、坐在一旁的无畏王子对世尊这样说——“尊者,如来会说那对他人是不可爱、不可意的语吗?”“王子,于此[不可]一向[而论]。”“尊者,在这一点上,尼乾陀们已毁灭了。”“王子,你为什么这样说:‘尊者,在这一点上,尼乾陀们已毁灭了’?”“尊者,在此,我曾来到尼乾陀·若提子之处;到了之后,礼敬尼乾陀·若提子,坐在一旁。尊者,尼乾陀·若提子对坐在一旁的我这样说:‘王子,来吧,你去对沙门乔达摩施加论难。这样,你的善名声将会传扬:“无畏王子对有如此大神通力、如此大威力的沙门乔达摩施加了论难。”’尊者,这样说时,我对尼乾陀·若提子这样说:‘尊者,我要如何对有如此大神通力、如此大威力的沙门乔达摩施加论难呢?’‘王子,来吧,你去沙门乔达摩之处;到了之后,对沙门乔达摩这样说:“尊者,如来会说那对他人是不可爱、不可意的语吗?”如果沙门乔达摩被你这样问时这样回答:“王子,如来会说那对他人是不可爱、不可意的语”,你就对他这样说:“那么,尊者,你与凡夫又有什么差别呢?因为凡夫也会说那对他人是不可爱、不可意的语。”而如果沙门乔达摩被你这样问时这样回答:“王子,如来不会说那对他人是不可爱、不可意的语”,你就对他这样说:“那么,尊者,你为什么记说提婆达多:‘提婆达多是堕苦界的,提婆达多是堕地狱的,提婆达多是住劫的,提婆达多是不可救治的’?而提婆达多因你那话而愤怒、不悦。”王子,沙门乔达摩被你问了这两端的问题,既不能吐出,也不能吞下。犹如有人的喉咙里卡了一枚铁蒺藜,他既不能吐出,也不能吞下;王子,正是这样,沙门乔达摩被你问了这两端的问题,既不能吐出,也不能吞下。’”

85. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho abhayo rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘bhāseyya nu kho, bhante, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’’ti? ‘‘Na khvettha, rājakumāra, ekaṃsenā’’ti. ‘‘Ettha, bhante, anassuṃ nigaṇṭhā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, rājakumāra, evaṃ vadesi – ‘ettha, bhante, anassuṃ nigaṇṭhā’’’ti? ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, bhante, yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho maṃ, bhante, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto etadavoca – ‘ehi tvaṃ, rājakumāra, samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṃ āropehi. Evaṃ te kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchissati – abhayena rājakumārena samaṇassa gotamassa evaṃ mahiddhikassa evaṃ mahānubhāvassa vādo āropito’ti. Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, bhante, nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘yathā kathaṃ panāhaṃ, bhante, samaṇassa gotamassa evaṃ mahiddhikassa evaṃ mahānubhāvassa vādaṃ āropessāmī’ti? ‘Ehi tvaṃ, rājakumāra, yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ vadehi – bhāseyya nu kho, bhante, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpāti? Sace te samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākaroti – bhāseyya, rājakumāra, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpāti, tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – atha kiñcarahi te, bhante, puthujjanena nānākaraṇaṃ? Puthujjanopi hi taṃ vācaṃ bhāseyya yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpāti. Sace pana te samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākaroti – na, rājakumāra, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ bhāseyya yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpāti, tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – atha kiñcarahi te, bhante, devadatto byākato – āpāyiko devadatto, nerayiko devadatto, kappaṭṭho devadatto, atekiccho devadattoti? Tāya ca pana te vācāya devadatto kupito ahosi anattamanoti. Imaṃ kho te, rājakumāra, samaṇo gotamo ubhatokoṭikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno neva sakkhiti uggilituṃ na sakkhiti ogilituṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma purisassa ayosiṅghāṭakaṃ kaṇṭhe vilaggaṃ, so neva sakkuṇeyya uggilituṃ na sakkuṇeyya ogilituṃ; evameva kho te, rājakumāra, samaṇo gotamo imaṃ ubhatokoṭikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno neva sakkhiti uggilituṃ na sakkhiti ogilitu’’’nti.
86PTS 1.395缅 2.58已对照

八十六、那时,一个年幼、诸根迟钝、仰卧的童子坐在无畏王子的膝上。于是,世尊对无畏王子这样说——“王子,你认为怎样?若这童子由于你的放逸或由于乳母的放逸,把木片或瓦片放进口中,你会对他怎么做?”“尊者,我会把它取出。尊者,若我不能一下子取出,就以左手扶住[他的]头,以右手弯起手指,连着血也要取出。这是什么缘故呢?尊者,因为我对童子怀有怜悯。”“王子,正是这样,如来知道那是不真实、不如实、无义利的语,且那对他人是不可爱、不可意的,如来不说那语。如来知道那虽是真实、如实,却是无义利的语,且那对他人是不可爱、不可意的,如来也不说那语。而如来知道那是真实、如实、有义利的语,且那对他人是不可爱、不可意的,对此如来是知时的,以说那语。如来知道那是不真实、不如实、无义利的语,且那对他人是可爱、可意的,如来不说那语。如来知道那虽是真实、如实,却是无义利的语,且那对他人是可爱、可意的,如来也不说那语。而如来知道那是真实、如实、有义利的语,且那对他人是可爱、可意的,对此如来是知时的,以说那语。这是什么缘故呢?王子,因为如来对众生怀有怜悯。”

86. Tena kho pana samayena daharo kumāro mando uttānaseyyako abhayassa rājakumārassa aṅke nisinno hoti. Atha kho bhagavā abhayaṃ rājakumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, sacāyaṃ kumāro tuyhaṃ vā pamādamanvāya dhātiyā vā pamādamanvāya kaṭṭhaṃ vā kaṭhalaṃ [kathalaṃ (ka.)] vā mukhe āhareyya, kinti naṃ kareyyāsī’’ti? ‘‘Āhareyyassāhaṃ, bhante. Sace, bhante, na sakkuṇeyyaṃ ādikeneva āhattuṃ [āharituṃ (syā. kaṃ.)], vāmena hatthena sīsaṃ pariggahetvā [paggahetvā (sī.)] dakkhiṇena hatthena vaṅkaṅguliṃ karitvā salohitampi āhareyyaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthi me, bhante, kumāre anukampā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, rājakumāra, yaṃ tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā, na taṃ tathāgato vācaṃ bhāsati. Yampi tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā, tampi tathāgato vācaṃ na bhāsati. Yañca kho tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā, tatra kālaññū tathāgato hoti tassā vācāya veyyākaraṇāya. Yaṃ tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ piyā manāpā, na taṃ tathāgato vācaṃ bhāsati. Yampi tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ piyā manāpā tampi tathāgato vācaṃ na bhāsati. Yañca tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ piyā manāpā, tatra kālaññū tathāgato hoti tassā vācāya veyyākaraṇāya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthi, rājakumāra, tathāgatassa sattesu anukampā’’ti.
87PTS 1.396已对照

八十七、“尊者,凡那些刹帝利智者、婆罗门智者、居士智者、沙门智者构造问题之后,来到如来[处]发问,尊者,世尊是预先就在心中思虑过这[事]——‘凡来到我这里这样问的人,我被他们这样问时,就这样回答’——还是如来于此[事]即时了然呢?”

“那么,王子,我就此反问你,你认为怎样合适,就怎样回答。王子,你认为怎样?你善巧于车的诸支节吗?”

“是的,尊者,我善巧于车的诸支节。”

“王子,你认为怎样?若有人来到你那里这样问:‘车的这个支节叫什么?’你是预先就在心中思虑过这[事]——‘凡来到我这里这样问的人,我被他们这样问时,就这样回答’——还是此[事]会即时对你了然呢?”

“尊者,因为我是著称的车手,善巧于车的诸支节。车的一切支节我都已善知。此[事]会即时对我了然。”

“王子,正是这样,凡那些刹帝利智者、婆罗门智者、居士智者、沙门智者构造问题之后,来到如来[处]发问,如来于此[事]即时了然。这是什么缘故呢?王子,因为如来已善通达了那法界(dhammadhātu);由于善通达了那法界,如来于此[事]即时了然。”

这样说时,无畏王子对世尊这样说——“奇哉!尊者,奇哉!尊者……乃至……从今日起,终生皈依。”

87. ‘‘Yeme, bhante, khattiyapaṇḍitāpi brāhmaṇapaṇḍitāpi gahapatipaṇḍitāpi samaṇapaṇḍitāpi pañhaṃ abhisaṅkharitvā tathāgataṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchanti, pubbeva nu kho, etaṃ, bhante, bhagavato cetaso parivitakkitaṃ hoti ‘ye maṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ pucchissanti tesāhaṃ evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākarissāmī’ti, udāhu ṭhānasovetaṃ tathāgataṃ paṭibhātī’’ti?
‘‘Tena hi, rājakumāra, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi, yathā te khameyya tathā naṃ byākareyyāsi. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, kusalo tvaṃ rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgāna’’nti?
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante, kusalo ahaṃ rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgāna’’nti.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, ye taṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘kiṃ nāmidaṃ rathassa aṅgapaccaṅga’nti? Pubbeva nu kho te etaṃ cetaso parivitakkitaṃ assa ‘ye maṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ pucchissanti tesāhaṃ evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākarissāmī’ti, udāhu ṭhānasovetaṃ paṭibhāseyyā’’ti?
‘‘Ahañhi, bhante, rathiko saññāto kusalo rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ. Sabbāni me rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgāni suviditāni. Ṭhānasovetaṃ maṃ paṭibhāseyyā’’ti.
‘‘Evameva kho, rājakumāra, ye te khattiyapaṇḍitāpi brāhmaṇapaṇḍitāpi gahapatipaṇḍitāpi samaṇapaṇḍitāpi pañhaṃ abhisaṅkharitvā tathāgataṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchanti, ṭhānasovetaṃ tathāgataṃ paṭibhāti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Sā hi, rājakumāra, tathāgatassa dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā yassā dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā ṭhānasovetaṃ tathāgataṃ paṭibhātī’’ti.
Evaṃ vutte, abhayo rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante, abhikkantaṃ, bhante…pe… ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
Abhayarājakumārasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ.
已对照

《无畏王子经》终,[《居士品》中之]第八[经]。