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清净道论·行道智见清净的解说 Paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhiniddeso

本经目录二十一、行道智见清净的解说离随烦恼的生灭智论离随烦恼的生灭智,终。坏灭随观智论坏灭随观智,终。怖畏现起智论怖畏现起智,终。过患随观智论过患随观智,终。厌离随观智论厌离随观智,终。欲解脱智论欲解脱智,终。省思随观智论省思随观智,终。行舍智论行舍智。七百九十七、而至此,他名为退缩而行者(patilīnacaro),就此而说——行舍智,终。随顺智论随顺智,终。至出起观论如是,在为令善人愉悦而造的《清净道论》中,于慧的修习之部,名为〈行道智见清净的解说〉的第二十一章[终]。

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二十一、行道智见清净的解说

21. Paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhiniddeso
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离随烦恼的生灭智论

Upakkilesavimuttaudayabbayañāṇakathā
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七百三十七、依八种智而达于顶点的观,与第九随顺谛智(saccānulomikañāṇa)——这名为行道智见清净。而此中「八种(aṭṭhannaṃ)」者:应知是这八种智,即:称为离随烦恼、已入于路之观的生灭随观智,坏灭随观智,怖畏现起智,过患随观智,厌离随观智,欲解脱智,省思随观智,行舍智。「第九随顺谛智(navamaṃ saccānulomikañāṇaṃ)」者:这是随顺[智]的同义语。因此,想要成就它的人,应当以离随烦恼的生灭智为首,致力于这些智。

737. Aṭṭhannaṃ pana ñāṇānaṃ vasena sikhāppattā vipassanā, navamañca saccānulomikañāṇanti ayaṃ paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhi nāma. Aṭṭhannanti cettha upakkilesavimuttaṃ vīthipaṭipannavipassanāsaṅkhātaṃ udayabbayānupassanāñāṇaṃ, bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇaṃ, bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ, ādīnavānupassanāñāṇaṃ, nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ, muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃ, paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ, saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇanti imāni aṭṭha ñāṇāni veditabbāni. Navamaṃ saccānulomikañāṇanti anulomassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tasmā taṃ sampādetukāmena upakkilesavimuttaṃ udayabbayañāṇaṃ ādiṃ katvā etesu ñāṇesu yogo karaṇīyo.
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七百三十八、若问:「为何又要于生灭智致力呢?」是为了观察诸相。因为生灭智在前面被十种随烦恼所染污,未能依其如实的自味观察三相;而离随烦恼的[生灭智]则能够。因此,为了观察诸相,此处应当再度致力。

738. Puna udayabbayañāṇe yogo kimatthiyoti ce? Lakkhaṇasallakkhaṇattho. Udayabbayañāṇaṃ hi heṭṭhā dasahi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhaṃ hutvā yāthāvasarasato tilakkhaṇaṃ sallakkhetuṃ nāsakkhi. Upakkilesavimuttaṃ pana sakkoti. Tasmā lakkhaṇasallakkhaṇatthamettha puna yogo karaṇīyo.
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七百三十九、那么,诸相是由于不作意什么、被什么所覆盖而不现起呢?首先,无常相由于不作意生灭、被相续所覆盖而不现起;苦相由于不作意屡屡逼迫、被威仪所覆盖而不现起;无我相由于不作意种种界的分解、被密集所覆盖而不现起。而摄受了生灭、相续被破除之后,无常相便依其如实的自味而现起;作意了屡屡逼迫、威仪被揭除之后,苦相便依其如实的自味而现起;分解了种种界、作了密集的分解之后,无我相便依其如实的自味而现起。

739. Lakkhaṇāni pana kissa amanasikārā kena paṭicchannattā na upaṭṭhahanti? Aniccalakkhaṇaṃ tāva udayabbayānaṃ amanasikārā santatiyā paṭicchannattā na upaṭṭhāti. Dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ abhiṇhasampaṭipīḷanassa amanasikārā iriyāpathehi paṭicchannattā na upaṭṭhāti. Anattalakkhaṇaṃ nānādhātuvinibbhogassa amanasikārā ghanena paṭicchannattā na upaṭṭhāti. Udayabbayampana pariggahetvā santatiyā vikopitāya aniccalakkhaṇaṃ yāthāvasarasato upaṭṭhāti. Abhiṇhasampaṭipīḷanaṃ manasikatvā iriyāpathe ugghāṭite dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ yāthāvasarasato upaṭṭhāti. Nānādhātuyo vinibbhujitvā ghanavinibbhoge kate anattalakkhaṇaṃ yāthāvasarasato upaṭṭhāti.
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七百四十、而此中应知这一区分:无常、无常相,苦、苦相,无我、无我相。此中,「无常(aniccaṃ)」者:即五蕴。为什么呢?由于有生起、灭去、变异之性,或由于有已而无。生起、灭去、变异,或称为有已而无的行相之变化,是无常相。

740. Ettha ca aniccaṃ, aniccalakkhaṇaṃ, dukkhaṃ, dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ, anattā, anattalakkhaṇanti ayaṃ vibhāgo veditabbo. Tattha aniccanti khandhapañcakaṃ. Kasmā? Uppādavayaññathattabhāvā, hutvā abhāvato vā. Uppādavayaññathattaṃ aniccalakkhaṇaṃ hutvā abhāvasaṅkhāto vā ākāravikāro.
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而依「凡无常的,那是苦的」(《相应部》3.15)这句话,那同一五蕴是苦。为什么呢?由于屡屡逼迫。屡屡逼迫的行相是苦相。

‘‘Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkha’’nti (saṃ. ni. 3.15) vacanato pana tadeva khandhapañcakaṃ dukkhaṃ. Kasmā? Abhiṇhapaṭipīḷanā, abhiṇhapaṭipīḷanākāro dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ.
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而依「凡苦的,那是无我的」(《相应部》3.15)这句话,那同一五蕴是无我。为什么呢?由于不随意转。不随意转的行相是无我相。

‘‘Yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.15) pana vacanato tadeva khandhapañcakaṃ anattā. Kasmā? Avasavattanato, avasavattanākāro anattalakkhaṇaṃ.
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这瑜伽行者以称为离随烦恼、已入于路之观的生灭随观智,依其如实的自味观察这一切。

Tayidaṃ sabbampi ayaṃ yogāvacaro upakkilesavimuttena vīthipaṭipannavipassanāsaṅkhātena udayabbayānupassanāñāṇena yāthāvasarasato sallakkheti.
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离随烦恼的生灭智,终。

Upakkilesavimuttaudayabbayañāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
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坏灭随观智论

Bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇakathā
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七百四十一、当他如是观察之后,一再以「无常、苦、无我」衡量、审度色与非色诸法时,那智变得锐利而运行,诸行迅速地现起。当智锐利地运行、诸行迅速地现起时,[他]不达及生起、或住、或转起、或相;念唯安住于尽、灭去、破坏、灭上。当他见「行法原来如是生起之后,如是灭去」时,就在这阶段,生起名为坏灭随观的观智。就此而说——

741. Tassevaṃ sallakkhetvā punappunaṃ ‘‘aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā’’ti rūpārūpadhamme tulayato tīrayato taṃ ñāṇaṃ tikkhaṃ hutvā vahati, saṅkhārā lahuṃ upaṭṭhahanti, ñāṇe tikkhe vahante saṅkhāresu lahuṃ upaṭṭhahantesu uppādaṃ vā ṭhitiṃ vā pavattaṃ vā nimittaṃ vā na sampāpuṇāti. Khayavayabhedanirodheyeva sati santiṭṭhati. Tassa ‘‘evaṃ uppajjitvā evaṃ nāma saṅkhāragataṃ nirujjhatī’’ti passato etasmiṃ ṭhāne bhaṅgānupassanaṃ nāma vipassanāñāṇaṃ uppajjati. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ –
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「怎样是省思所缘之后于坏灭随观的慧为观智呢?心以色为所缘而生起后破坏;省思那所缘之后,随观那心的坏灭。『随观』——如何随观?随观为无常,不[随观]为常;随观为苦,不[随观]为乐;随观为无我,不[随观]为我;厌离,不欢喜;离贪,不贪染;令灭,不令集起;舍离,不执取。

‘‘Kathaṃ ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhā bhaṅgānupassane paññā vipassane ñāṇaṃ? Rūpārammaṇatā cittaṃ uppajjitvā bhijjati, taṃ ārammaṇaṃ paṭisaṅkhā tassa cittassa bhaṅgaṃ anupassati. Anupassatīti kathaṃ anupassati? Aniccato anupassati no niccato, dukkhato anupassati no sukhato, anattato anupassati no attato, nibbindati no nandati, virajjati no rajjati, nirodheti no samudeti, paṭinissajjati no ādiyati.
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「随观为无常者,舍断常想;随观为苦者,[舍断]乐想;随观为无我者,[舍断]我想;厌离者,[舍断]欢喜;离贪者,[舍断]贪;令灭者,[舍断]集起;舍离者,舍断执取。

‘‘Aniccato anupassanto niccasaññaṃ pajahati. Dukkhato anupassanto sukhasaññaṃ, anattato anupassanto attasaññaṃ, nibbindanto nandiṃ, virajjanto rāgaṃ, nirodhento samudayaṃ paṭinissajjanto ādānaṃ pajahati.
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「心以受为所缘……乃至……以想为所缘……以行为所缘……以识为所缘……以眼为所缘……乃至……以老死为所缘而生起后破坏……乃至……舍离者,舍断执取。

‘‘Vedanārammaṇatā…pe… saññārammaṇatā… saṅkhārārammaṇatā… viññāṇārammaṇatā… cakkhārammaṇatā…pe… jarāmaraṇārammaṇatā cittaṃ uppajjitvā bhijjati…pe… paṭinissajjanto ādānaṃ pajahati.
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「事的转移,以及以慧转离,

‘‘Vatthusaṅkamanā ceva, paññāya ca vivaṭṭanā;
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转向之力——[这是]省思之观。

Āvajjanābalañceva, paṭisaṅkhāvipassanā.
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「依所缘的随类,两者辨定为一,

‘‘Ārammaṇaanvayena, ubho ekavavatthanā;
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于灭的胜解——[这是]灭去相之观。

Nirodhe adhimuttatā, vayalakkhaṇavipassanā.
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「省思所缘,并随观坏灭,

‘‘Ārammaṇañca paṭisaṅkhā, bhaṅgañca anupassati;
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以及现起为空——[这是]增上慧之观。

Suññato ca upaṭṭhānaṃ, adhipaññāvipassanā.
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「善巧于三种随观,以及于四种观,

‘‘Kusalo tīsu anupassanāsu, catasso ca vipassanāsu;
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善巧于三种现起,于种种见不动摇。」

Tayo upaṭṭhāne kusalatā, nānādiṭṭhīsu na kampatī’’ti.
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「那以已知之义为智,以了知之义为慧。因此说:『省思所缘之后于坏灭随观的慧为观智。』」(《无碍解道》1.51-52)

‘‘Taṃ ñātaṭṭhena ñāṇaṃ, pajānanaṭṭhena paññā, tena vuccati ‘ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhā bhaṅgānupassane paññā vipassane ñāṇa’’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.51-52).
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七百四十二、此中,「省思所缘(ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhā)」者:即省思、了知任何所缘,见为尽、为灭去,此是其义。「于坏灭随观的慧(bhaṅgānupassane paññā)」者:凡对那——省思所缘为尽、为灭去而生起的——智的坏灭作随观的慧,这被说为「观智」。「那是怎样的」——首先,这是欲说之问(kathetukamyatāpucchā)的意义。然后为显示那是怎样的,才说了「以色为所缘」等语。

742. Tattha ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhāti yaṃkiñci ārammaṇaṃ paṭisaṅkhāya jānitvā, khayato vayato disvāti attho. Bhaṅgānupassane paññāti tassa, ārammaṇaṃ khayato vayato paṭisaṅkhāya uppannassa ñāṇassa bhaṅgaṃ anupassane yā paññā, idaṃ vipassane ñāṇanti vuttaṃ. Taṃ kathaṃ hotīti ayaṃ tāva kathetukamyatāpucchāya attho. Tato yathā taṃ hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘rūpārammaṇatā’’tiādi vuttaṃ.
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此中,「心以色为所缘而生起后破坏(rūpārammaṇatā cittaṃ uppajjitvā bhijjati)」者:即以色为所缘的心生起后破坏;或者,在以色为所缘的状态中,心生起后破坏,此是其义。「省思那所缘之后(taṃ ārammaṇaṃ paṭisaṅkhā)」者:即省思、了知那色所缘,见为尽、为灭去,此是其义。「随观那心的坏灭(tassa cittassa bhaṅgaṃ anupassati)」者:即以哪个心见那色所缘为尽、为灭去,就以另一个心随观那心的坏灭,此是其义。因此古师们说:「对所知与智两者都作观。」

Tattha rūpārammaṇatā cittaṃ uppajjitvā bhijjatīti rūpārammaṇaṃ cittaṃ uppajjitvā bhijjati. Atha vā rūpārammaṇabhāve cittaṃ uppajjitvā bhijjatīti attho. Taṃ ārammaṇaṃ paṭisaṅkhāti taṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ paṭisaṅkhāya jānitvā, khayato vayato disvāti attho. Tassa cittassa bhaṅgaṃ anupassatīti yena cittena taṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ khayato vayato diṭṭhaṃ, tassa cittassa aparena cittena bhaṅgaṃ anupassatīti attho. Tenāhu porāṇā ‘‘ñātañca ñāṇañca ubhopi vipassatī’’ti.
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而此中,「随观(anupassati)」者:即随随而观,以种种行相一再地观,此是其义。因此[圣典]说:「『随观』——如何随观?随观为无常」等。

Ettha ca anupassatīti anu anu passati, anekehi ākārehi punappunaṃ passatīti attho. Tenāha – ‘‘anupassatīti kathaṃ anupassati. Aniccato anupassatī’’tiādi.
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此中,由于坏灭是无常性的最高极点,所以那随观坏灭的瑜伽行者把一切行法随观为无常,不[随观]为常。然后,由于无常者是苦,苦者是无我,[他]把那同一[行法]随观为苦,不[随观]为乐;随观为无我,不[随观]为我。

Tattha yasmā bhaṅgo nāma aniccatāya paramā koṭi, tasmā so bhaṅgānupassako yogāvacaro sabbaṃ saṅkhāragataṃ aniccato anupassati, no niccato. Tato aniccassa dukkhattā, dukkhassa ca anattattā tadeva dukkhato anupassati, no sukhato. Anattato anupassati no attato.
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而由于凡无常、苦、无我者不应欢喜,凡不应欢喜者不应于其中贪染,所以对这依随坏灭随观而被见为「无常、苦、无我」的行法,[他]厌离,不欢喜;离贪,不贪染。他这样不贪染,暂且唯以世间智令贪灭,不令集起——义为不作集起。

Yasmā pana yaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā, na taṃ abhinanditabbaṃ. Yañca anabhinanditabbaṃ, na tattha rajjitabbaṃ. Tasmā etasmiṃ bhaṅgānupassanānusārena ‘‘aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā’’ti diṭṭhe saṅkhāragate nibbindati, no nandati. Virajjati, no rajjati. So evaṃ arajjanto lokikeneva tāva ñāṇena rāgaṃ nirodheti, no samudeti. Samudayaṃ na karotīti attho.
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或者,他如是离贪之后,犹如[对]所见的行法,同样也依随类智(anvayañāṇa)令未见的[行法]灭,不令集起;唯从灭[的一面]作意;他只见它的灭,不[见]集起,此是其义。

Atha vā so evaṃ viratto yathā diṭṭhaṃ saṅkhāragataṃ, tathā adiṭṭhampi anvayañāṇavasena nirodheti, no samudeti. Nirodhatova manasikaroti. Nirodhamevassa passati, no samudayanti attho.
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他如是行道,便舍离,不执取。这说的是什么呢?这无常等随观,由于依彼分把烦恼连同诸蕴与诸行(abhisaṅkhāra)一并舍弃,又由于见有为的过患而倾向于与之相反的涅槃、跃入其中,所以被称为舍弃舍离与跃入舍离。因此,具备它的比丘依所说的方式舍弃烦恼,并跃入涅槃;他既不依令其生起而执取烦恼,也不依不见过患而执取有为所缘。因此称说「舍离,不执取」。

So evaṃ paṭipanno paṭinissajjati, no ādiyati. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Ayampi aniccādianupassanā tadaṅgavasena saddhiṃ khandhābhisaṅkhārehi kilesānaṃ pariccajanato, saṅkhatadosadassanena ca tabbiparīte nibbāne tanninnatāya pakkhandanato pariccāgapaṭinissaggo ceva pakkhandanapaṭinissaggo cāti vuccati. Tasmā tāya samannāgato bhikkhu yathāvuttena nayena kilese pariccajati, nibbāne ca pakkhandati. Nāpi nibbattanavasena kilese ādiyati, na adosadassitāvasena saṅkhatārammaṇaṃ. Tena vuccati ‘‘paṭinissajjati no ādiyatī’’ti.
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七百四十三、现在,为显示由那些智而有舍断的是哪些法,才说了「随观为无常者,舍断常想」等语。此中,「欢喜(nandiṃ)」者:即有喜的渴爱。其余的即是已说之法。

743. Idānissa tehi ñāṇehi yesaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānaṃ hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘aniccato anupassanto niccasaññaṃ pajahatī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha nandinti sappītikaṃ taṇhaṃ. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.
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七百四十四、而于诸偈中,「事的转移(vatthusaṅkamanā)」者:即见色的坏灭之后,又依见那见了坏灭的心的坏灭,从先前的事转移到另一事。「以慧转离(paññāya ca vivaṭṭanā)」者:即舍弃生而安住于灭去。「转向之力(āvajjanābalañceva)」者:即见色的坏灭之后,为了见以坏灭为所缘的心的坏灭,能够紧接着转向。「省思之观(paṭisaṅkhāvipassanā)」者:这名为省思所缘的坏灭随观。

744. Gāthāsu pana vatthusaṅkamanāti rūpassa bhaṅgaṃ disvā puna yena cittena bhaṅgo diṭṭho, tassāpi bhaṅgadassanavasena purimavatthuto aññavatthusaṅkamanā. Paññāya ca vivaṭṭanāti udayaṃ pahāya vaye santiṭṭhanā. Āvajjanābalañcevāti rūpassa bhaṅgaṃ disvā puna bhaṅgārammaṇassa cittassa bhaṅgadassanatthaṃ anantarameva āvajjanasamatthatā. Paṭisaṅkhāvipassanāti esā ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhābhaṅgānupassanā nāma.
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七百四十五、「依所缘的随类,两者辨定为一(ārammaṇaanvayena ubho ekavavatthanā)」者:即依随、随行于现见的所缘:「犹如这[行法],过去的行法也曾破坏,未来的[行法]也将破坏」——如是把两者辨定为唯同一自性,此是其义。

这也已被古师们说过——

「对现存[之法]见已清净者,

依它的随类推及过去与未来:

一切行法都会崩坏,

犹如日出时的露珠。」

「于灭的胜解(nirodhe adhimuttatā)」者:即如是依坏灭把两者辨定为一之后,于那称为坏灭的灭中胜解、以之为重、倾向于它、趋向于它、朝向于它,此是其义。「灭去相之观(vayalakkhaṇavipassanā)」者:是说这名为灭去相之观。

745. Ārammaṇaanvayena ubho ekavavatthanāti paccakkhato diṭṭhassa ārammaṇassa anvayena anugamanena yathā idaṃ, tathā atītepi saṅkhāragataṃ bhijjittha, anāgatepi bhijjissatīti evaṃ ubhinnaṃ ekasabhāveneva vavatthāpananti attho.
Vuttampi cetaṃ porāṇehi –
‘‘Saṃvijjamānamhi visuddhadassano,
Tadanvayaṃ neti atītanāgate;
Sabbepi saṅkhāragatā palokino,
Ussāvabindū sūriyeva uggate’’ti.
Nirodhe adhimuttatāti evaṃ ubhinnaṃ bhaṅgavasena ekavavatthānaṃ katvā tasmiññeva bhaṅgasaṅkhāte nirodhe adhimuttatā taggarutā tanninnatā tappoṇatā tappabbhāratāti attho. Vayalakkhaṇavipassanāti esā vayalakkhaṇavipassanā nāmāti vuttaṃ hoti.
746缅 2.281已对照

七百四十六、「省思所缘(ārammaṇañca paṭisaṅkhā)」者:即了知先前的色等所缘之后。「并随观坏灭(bhaṅgañca anupassati)」者:即见那所缘的坏灭之后,随观以它为所缘的心的坏灭。「以及现起为空(suññato ca upaṭṭhānaṃ)」者:当他如是随观坏灭时,「唯是诸行在破坏,它们的破坏就是死,没有任何别的」——如是现起为空便成就了。

因此古师们说——

「诸蕴灭去,并无别者,

诸蕴的破坏被称为死;

不放逸者见它们的尽,

犹如以金刚如理地钻穿摩尼。」

「增上慧之观(adhipaññāvipassanā)」者:凡所缘的省思、坏灭随观、现起为空——这名为增上慧之观,是所说的意思。

746. Ārammaṇañca paṭisaṅkhāti purimañca rūpādiārammaṇaṃ jānitvā. Bhaṅgañca anupassatīti tassārammaṇassa bhaṅgaṃ disvā tadārammaṇassa cittassa bhaṅgaṃ anupassati. Suññato ca upaṭṭhānanti tassevaṃ bhaṅgaṃ anupassato ‘‘saṅkhārāva bhijjanti, tesaṃ bhedo maraṇaṃ, na añño koci atthī’’ti suññato upaṭṭhānaṃ ijjhati.
Tenāhu porāṇā –
‘‘Khandhā nirujjhanti na catthi añño,
Khandhāna bhedo maraṇanti vuccati;
Tesaṃ khayaṃ passati appamatto,
Maṇiṃva vijjhaṃ vajirena yoniso’’ti.
Adhipaññāvipassanāti yā ca ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhā yā ca bhaṅgānupassanā yañca suññato upaṭṭhānaṃ, ayaṃ adhipaññāvipassanā nāmāti vuttaṃ hoti.
747已对照

七百四十七、「善巧于三种随观(kusalo tīsu anupassanāsu)」者:即于无常随观等三种[随观]熟练的比丘。「以及于四种观(catasso ca vipassanāsu)」者:即于厌离等四种观[熟练]。「善巧于三种现起(tayo upaṭṭhāne kusalatā)」者:即由于善巧于这现起为尽、为灭去、为空的三种现起。「于种种见不动摇(nānādiṭṭhīsu na kampati)」者:即于常见等种种的见不颤动。

747. Kusalo tīsu anupassanāsūti aniccānupassanādīsu tīsu cheko bhikkhu. Catasso ca vipassanāsūti nibbidādīsu ca catūsu vipassanāsu. Tayo upaṭṭhāne kusalatāti khayato vayato suññatoti imasmiñca tividhe upaṭṭhāne kusalatāya. Nānādiṭṭhīsu na kampatīti sassatadiṭṭhiādīsu nānappakārāsu diṭṭhīsu na vedhati.
748已对照

七百四十八、他如是不颤动,转起「未灭者正在灭,未破坏者正在破坏」的作意,舍弃一切行的生起、住、转起、相——它们犹如正在破坏的易碎器皿,犹如正在飞散的微尘,犹如正在被炒的胡麻——唯见破坏。犹如有眼之人站在莲池岸边或河岸边,天降大雨点时,会见到水面上大大的水泡一再生起、迅速地一个个破坏,同样,他见一切行在破坏、在破坏。因为世尊正是就这样的瑜伽行者而说——

748. So evaṃ avedhamāno ‘‘aniruddhameva nirujjhati, abhinnameva bhijjatī’’ti pavattamanasikāro dubbalabhājanassa viya bhijjamānassa, sukhumarajasseva vippakiriyamānassa, tilānaṃ viya bhajjiyamānānaṃ sabbasaṅkhārānaṃ uppādaṭṭhitipavattanimittaṃ vissajjetvā bhedameva passati. So yathā nāma cakkhumā puriso pokkharaṇītīre vā nadītīre vā ṭhito thūlaphusitake deve vassante udakapiṭṭhe mahantamahantāni udakabubbuḷakāni uppajjitvā uppajjitvā sīghaṃ sīghaṃ bhijjamānāni passeyya, evameva sabbe saṅkhārā bhijjanti bhijjantīti passati. Evarūpaṃ hi yogāvacaraṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ bhagavatā –
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「犹如看水泡,犹如看阳焰,

‘‘Yathā bubbuḷakaṃ passe, yathā passe marīcikaṃ;
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如是观察世间者,死王不见他。」(《法句》170);

Evaṃ lokaṃ avekkhantaṃ, maccurājā na passatī’’ti. (dha. pa. 170);
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七百四十九、当他如是屡屡见「一切行在破坏、在破坏」时,以八种功德利益为眷属的坏灭随观智便达到有力。此中,这八种功德利益是:有见的舍断、对生命之爱著的舍弃、常相应而勤勉、活命清净、急切的舍断、离于怖畏、获得忍与柔和、堪忍不乐与喜乐。

因此古师们说——

「这八种最上的功德,

见了之后,便在其中一再思择;

牟尼犹如衣着火、头着火者,

为证得不死而随观坏灭。」

749. Tassevaṃ ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā bhijjanti bhijjantī’’ti abhiṇhaṃ passato aṭṭhānisaṃsaparivāraṃ bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇaṃ balappattaṃ hoti. Tatrime aṭṭhānisaṃsā – bhavadiṭṭhippahānaṃ, jīvitanikantipariccāgo, sadāyuttapayuttatā, visuddhājīvitā, ussukkappahānaṃ, vigatabhayatā, khantisoraccapaṭilābho, aratiratisahanatāti.
Tenāhu porāṇā –
‘‘Imāni aṭṭhagguṇamuttamāni,
Disvā tahiṃ sammasate punappunaṃ;
Ādittacelassirasūpamo muni,
Bhaṅgānupassī amatassa pattiyā’’ti.
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坏灭随观智,终。

Bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
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怖畏现起智论

Bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇakathā
750已对照

七百五十、当他如是习行、修习、多作以一切行的尽、灭去、破坏、灭为所缘的坏灭随观时,于一切有、生、趣、[识]住、众生居中刹那破坏的诸行,犹如对想要安乐生活的怯懦之人而言的狮子、虎、豹、熊、鬣狗、夜叉、罗刹、凶猛的牛、凶猛的狗、发情的凶猛大象、毒性可怖的毒蛇、雷霆、坟场、战场、燃烧的炭坑等一般,成为大怖畏而现起。当他见到「过去诸行已灭,现在[诸行]正灭,未来将生起的诸行也正将如是而灭」时,在这个阶段,名为怖畏现起智的[智]便生起。

750. Tassevaṃ sabbasaṅkhārānaṃ khayavayabhedanirodhārammaṇaṃ bhaṅgānupassanaṃ āsevantassa bhāventassa bahulīkarontassa sabbabhavayonigatiṭhitisattāvāsesu pabhedakā saṅkhārā sukhena jīvitukāmassa bhīrukapurisassa sīhabyagghadīpiacchataracchayakkharakkhasacaṇḍagoṇacaṇḍakukkurapabhinnamadacaṇḍahatthighoraāsīvisaasanivicakkasusānaraṇabhūmijalitaaṅgārakāsuādayo viya mahābhayaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhahanti. Tassa ‘‘atītā saṅkhārā niruddhā, paccuppannā nirujjhanti, anāgate nibbattanakasaṅkhārāpi evameva nirujjhissantī’’ti passato etasmiṃ ṭhāne bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ nāma uppajjati.
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此中有这样的譬喻——相传有一个妇人,她的三个儿子触犯了国王,国王下令斩他们的首。她与儿子们一起去到刑场。于是[刽子手]砍下她长子的头之后,开始砍次子的[头]。她见长子的头已被砍下、次子的[头]正被砍,便放下了对幼子的执着:「这个也会与他们一样。」此中,瑜伽者见过去诸行之灭,犹如那妇人见长子已被砍下的头;见现在[诸行]之灭,犹如[她]见次子正被砍的头;以「未来将生起的诸行也将破坏」而见未来[诸行]之灭,犹如以「这个也会与他们一样」而放下对幼子的执着。当他如是见时,在这个阶段,怖畏现起智便生起。

Tatrāyaṃ upamā – ekissā kira itthiyā tayo puttā rājaparādhikā, tesaṃ rājā sīsacchedaṃ āṇāpesi. Sā puttehi saddhiṃ āghātanaṃ agamāsi. Athassā jeṭṭhaputtassa sīsaṃ chinditvā majjhimassa chindituṃ ārabhiṃsu. Sā jeṭṭhassa sīsaṃ chinnaṃ majjhimassa ca chijjamānaṃ disvā kaniṭṭhamhi ālayaṃ vissajji ‘‘ayampi etesaññeva sadiso bhavissatī’’ti. Tattha tassā itthiyā jeṭṭhaputtassa chinnasīsadassanaṃ viya yogino atītasaṅkhārānaṃ nirodhadassanaṃ, majjhimassa chijjamānasīsadassanaṃ viya paccuppannānaṃ nirodhadassanaṃ, ‘‘ayampi etesaññeva sadiso bhavissatī’’ti kaniṭṭhaputtamhi ālayavissajjanaṃ viya ‘‘anāgatepi nibbattanakasaṅkhārā bhijjissantī’’ti anāgatānaṃ nirodhadassanaṃ. Tassevaṃ passato etasmiṃ ṭhāne uppajjati bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ.
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另有一个譬喻——相传有一个子女夭亡的妇人(pūtipajā)生了十个孩子。其中九个死了,一个在手中正死去,另一个在腹中。她见九个孩子已死、第十个正死去,便放下了对腹中[胎儿]的执着:「这个也会与他们一样。」此中,瑜伽者见过去诸行之灭,犹如那妇人忆念九个孩子之死;瑜伽者见现在[诸行]之灭,犹如[她]见手中[孩子]正死去之状;见未来[诸行]之灭,犹如放下对腹中[胎儿]的执着。当他如是见时,在这一刹那,怖畏现起智便生起。

Aparāpi upamā – ekā kira pūtipajā itthī dasa dārake vijāyi. Tesu nava matā, eko hatthagato marati, aparo kucchiyaṃ. Sā nava dārake mate dasamañca mīyamānaṃ disvā kucchigate ālayaṃ vissajji ‘‘ayampi etesaññeva sadiso bhavissatī’’ti. Tattha tassā itthiyā navannaṃ dārakānaṃ maraṇānussaraṇaṃ viya yogino atītasaṅkhārānaṃ nirodhadassanaṃ, hatthagatassa mīyamānabhāvadassanaṃ viya yogino paccuppannānaṃ nirodhadassanaṃ, kucchigate ālayavissajjanaṃ viya anāgatānaṃ nirodhadassanaṃ. Tassevaṃ passato etasmiṃ khaṇe uppajjati bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ.
751缅 2.284已对照

七百五十一、然而,怖畏现起智是怖畏还是不怖畏呢?不怖畏。因为它唯是这样的审度:「过去诸行已灭,现在[诸行]正灭,未来[诸行]将灭。」所以,犹如有眼之人看着城门口的三个炭坑,自己并不怖畏,他唯有这样的审度:「凡是落入这里的人,都将领受不少的苦。」又犹如有眼之人看着依次竖立的佉陀罗木桩、铁桩、金桩这三根桩,自己并不怖畏,他唯有这样的审度:「凡是落到这些桩上的人,都将领受不少的苦。」同样地,怖畏现起智自己并不怖畏,它唯是对犹如三个炭坑、犹如三根桩的三有作这样的审度:「过去诸行已灭,现在[诸行]正灭,未来[诸行]将灭。」然而,由于属于一切有、生、趣、[识]住、[众生]居的诸行,对它[即智]而言唯是陷入衰患、有恐怖而现起为怖畏,所以称为怖畏现起。

而关于如是现起为怖畏,有这段圣典——

「以无常作意时,什么现起为怖畏?以苦[作意时呢]?以无我作意时,什么现起为怖畏?以无常作意时,相现起为怖畏。以苦作意时,转起现起为怖畏。以无我作意时,相与转起现起为怖畏。」(《无碍解道》1.227)

此中,「相(nimittaṃ)」者:即行之相。这正是过去、未来、现在诸行的增语。因为以无常作意者唯见诸行之死,因此对他而言,相现起为怖畏。「转起(pavattaṃ)」者:即色、非色之有的转起。因为以苦作意者,对即使被视为乐的转起,也唯见其不断被逼迫之状,因此对他而言,转起现起为怖畏。而以无我作意者,见这两者犹如空村,又犹如阳焰、乾闼婆城等,是空虚的、虚妄的、空的、无主的、无引导者的。因此对他而言,相与转起两者都现起为怖畏。

751. Bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ pana bhāyati na bhāyatīti? Na bhāyati. Tañhi atītā saṅkhārā niruddhā, paccuppannā nirujjhanti, anāgatā nirujjhissantīti tīraṇamattameva hoti. Tasmā yathā nāma cakkhumā puriso nagaradvāre tisso aṅgārakāsuyo olokayamāno sayaṃ na bhāyati, kevalaṃ hissa ‘‘ye ye ettha nipatissanti, sabbe anappakaṃ dukkhamanubhavissantī’’ti tīraṇamattameva hoti. Yathā vā pana cakkhumā puriso khadirasūlaṃ ayosūlaṃ suvaṇṇasūlanti paṭipāṭiyā ṭhapitaṃ sūlattayaṃ olokayamāno sayaṃ na bhāyati, kevalaṃ hissa ‘‘ye ye imesu sūlesu nipatissanti, sabbe anappakaṃ dukkhamanubhavissantī’’ti tīraṇamattameva hoti, evameva bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ sayaṃ na bhāyati, kevalaṃ hissa aṅgārakāsuttayasadisesu, sūlattayasadisesu ca tīsu bhavesu ‘‘atītā saṅkhārā niruddhā, paccuppannā nirujjhanti, anāgatā nirujjhissantī’’ti tīraṇamattameva hoti. Yasmā panassa kevalaṃ sabbabhavayonigatiṭhitinivāsagatā saṅkhārā byasanāpannā sappaṭibhayā hutvā bhayato upaṭṭhahanti, tasmā bhayatupaṭṭhānanti vuccati.
Evaṃ bhayato upaṭṭhāne panassa ayaṃ pāḷi –
‘‘Aniccato manasikaroto kiṃ bhayato upaṭṭhāti? Dukkhato. Anattato manasikaroto kiṃ bhayato upaṭṭhātīti? Aniccato manasikaroto nimittaṃ bhayato upaṭṭhāti. Dukkhato manasikaroto pavattaṃ bhayato upaṭṭhāti. Anattato manasikaroto nimittañca pavattañca bhayato upaṭṭhātī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.227).
Tattha nimittanti saṅkhāranimittaṃ. Atītānāgatapaccuppannānaṃ saṅkhārānamevetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Aniccato manasikaronto hi saṅkhārānaṃ maraṇameva passati, tenassa nimittaṃ bhayato upaṭṭhāti. Pavattanti rūpārūpabhavapavatti. Dukkhato manasikaronto hi sukhasammatāyapi pavattiyā abhiṇhapaṭipīḷanabhāvameva passati, tenassa pavattaṃ bhayato upaṭṭhāti. Anattato manasikaronto pana ubhayampetaṃ suññagāmaṃ viya marīcigandhabbanagarādīni viya ca rittaṃ tucchaṃ suññaṃ assāmikaṃ apariṇāyakaṃ passati. Tenassa nimittañca pavattañca ubhayaṃ bhayato upaṭṭhātīti.
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怖畏现起智,终。

Bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
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过患随观智论

Ādīnavānupassanāñāṇakathā
752已对照

七百五十二、当他习行、修习、多作那怖畏现起智时,于一切有、生、趣、[识]住、众生居中,既不见救护,也不见避难所,也不见去处,也不见依止。对属于一切有、生、趣、[识]住、[众生]居的诸行,即使对一个行,也没有希求或执取。三有犹如充满无焰炭火的炭坑,四大种犹如毒性可怖的毒蛇,五蕴犹如举刀的杀戮者,六内处犹如空村,六外处犹如劫村贼,七识住与九众生居犹如被十一种火燃烧着、炽燃着、发出火光,一切行犹如成了痈、成了病、成了箭、成了苦患、成了病恼一般,无味著、无滋味,成为大过患之聚而现起。

752. Tassa taṃ bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ āsevantassa bhāventassa bahulīkarontassa sabbabhavayonigatiṭhitisattāvāsesu neva tāṇaṃ, na leṇaṃ, na gati, nappaṭisaraṇaṃ paññāyati. Sabbabhavayonigatiṭhitinivāsagatesu saṅkhāresu ekasaṅkhārepi patthanā vā parāmāso vā na hoti. Tayo bhavā vītaccikaṅgārapuṇṇaaṅgārakāsuyo viya, cattāro mahābhūtā ghoravisaāsīvisā viya, pañcakkhandhā ukkhittāsikavadhakā viya, cha ajjhattikāyatanāni suññagāmo viya, cha bāhirāyatanāni gāmaghātakacorā viya, satta viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo, nava ca sattāvāsā ekādasahi aggīhi ādittā sampajjalitā sajotibhūtā viya ca, sabbe saṅkhārā gaṇḍabhūtā rogabhūtā sallabhūtā aghabhūtā ābādhabhūtā viya ca nirassādā nirasā mahāādīnavarāsibhūtā hutvā upaṭṭhahanti.
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如何呢?对想要安乐生活的怯懦之人而言,即使是形貌可爱的密林,也犹如有猛兽;山洞犹如有虎;水犹如有鳄鱼、罗刹;仇敌犹如举着剑;食物犹如有毒;道路犹如有盗贼;房屋犹如在燃烧;战场犹如[两]军已出动。因为犹如那人来到这些有猛兽的密林等处时,畏惧、悚惧、毛发竖立,于四周唯见过患;同样,这位瑜伽行者,当一切行依坏灭随观而现起为怖畏时,于四周唯见无滋味、无味著的过患。当他如是见时,名为过患智的[智]便已生起。就此而说了这[段话]——

Kathaṃ? Sukhena jīvitukāmassa bhīrukapurisassa ramaṇīyākārasaṇṭhitampi savāḷakamiva vanagahanaṃ, sasaddūlā viya guhā, sagāharakkhasaṃ viya udakaṃ, samussitakhaggā viya paccatthikā, savisaṃ viya bhojanaṃ, sacoro viya maggo, ādittamiva agāraṃ, uyyuttasenā viya raṇabhūmi. Yathā hi so puriso etāni savāḷakavanagahanādīni āgamma bhīto saṃviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto samantato ādīnavameva passati, evamevāyaṃ yogāvacaro bhaṅgānupassanāvasena sabbasaṅkhāresu bhayato upaṭṭhitesu samantato nirasaṃ nirassādaṃ ādīnavameva passati. Tassevaṃ passato ādīnavañāṇaṃ nāma uppannaṃ hoti. Yaṃ sandhāya idaṃ vuttaṃ –
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「怎样是于怖畏现起的慧,是于过患的智?『生起是怖畏』——于怖畏现起的慧,是于过患的智。『转起是怖畏』……『相是怖畏』……『积聚是怖畏』……『结生是怖畏』……『趣是怖畏』……『出生是怖畏』……『受生是怖畏』……『生是怖畏』……『老是怖畏』……『病是怖畏』……『死是怖畏』……『愁是怖畏』……『悲是怖畏』……『恼是怖畏』——于怖畏现起的慧,是于过患的智。『不生起是安稳』——是于寂静之句的智。『不转起……乃至……无恼是安稳』——是于寂静之句的智。『生起是怖畏,不生起是安稳』——是于寂静之句的智。『转起……乃至……恼是怖畏,无恼是安稳』——是于寂静之句的智。

‘‘Kathaṃ bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā ādīnave ñāṇaṃ? Uppādo bhayanti bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā ādīnave ñāṇaṃ. Pavattaṃ bhayanti… nimittaṃ bhayanti… āyūhanā bhayanti… paṭisandhi bhayanti… gati bhayanti… nibbatti bhayanti… upapatti bhayanti… jāti bhayanti… jarā bhayanti… byādhi bhayanti… maraṇaṃ bhayanti… soko bhayanti… paridevo bhayanti… upāyāso bhayanti bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā ādīnave ñāṇaṃ. Anuppādo khemanti santipade ñāṇaṃ. Appavattaṃ…pe… anupāyāso khemanti santipade ñāṇaṃ. Uppādo bhayaṃ, anuppādo khemanti santipade ñāṇaṃ. Pavattaṃ…pe… upāyāso bhayaṃ, anupāyāso khemanti santipade ñāṇaṃ.
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『生起是苦』——于怖畏现起的慧,是于过患的智。『转起……乃至……恼是苦』——于怖畏现起的慧,是于过患的智。『不生起是乐』——是于寂静之句的智。『不转起……乃至……无恼是乐』——是于寂静之句的智。『生起是苦,不生起是乐』——是于寂静之句的智。『转起……乃至……恼是苦,无恼是乐』——是于寂静之句的智。

‘‘Uppādo dukkhanti bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā ādīnave ñāṇaṃ. Pavattaṃ…pe… upāyāso dukkhanti bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā ādīnave ñāṇaṃ. Anuppādo sukhanti santipade ñāṇaṃ. Appavattaṃ…pe… anupāyāso sukhanti santipade ñāṇaṃ. Uppādo dukkhaṃ, anuppādo sukhanti santipade ñāṇaṃ. Pavattaṃ…pe… upāyāso dukkhaṃ, anupāyāso sukhanti santipade ñāṇaṃ.
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『生起是有食的』——于怖畏现起的慧,是于过患的智。『转起……乃至……恼是有食的』——于怖畏现起的慧,是于过患的智。『不生起是无食的』——是于寂静之句的智。『不转起……乃至……无恼是无食的』——是于寂静之句的智。『生起是有食的,不生起是无食的』——是于寂静之句的智。『转起……乃至……恼是有食的,无恼是无食的』——是于寂静之句的智。

‘‘Uppādo sāmisanti bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā ādīnave ñāṇaṃ. Pavattaṃ…pe… upāyāso sāmisanti bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā ādīnave ñāṇaṃ. Anuppādo nirāmisanti santipade ñāṇaṃ. Appavattaṃ…pe… anupāyāso nirāmisanti santipade ñāṇaṃ. Uppādo sāmisaṃ, anuppādo nirāmisanti santipade ñāṇaṃ. Pavattaṃ…pe… upāyāso sāmisaṃ, anupāyāso nirāmisanti santipade ñāṇaṃ.
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『生起是诸行』——于怖畏现起的慧,是于过患的智。『转起……乃至……恼是诸行』——于怖畏现起的慧,是于过患的智。『不生起是涅槃』——是于寂静之句的智。『不转起……乃至……无恼是涅槃』——是于寂静之句的智。『生起是诸行,不生起是涅槃』——是于寂静之句的智。『转起……乃至……恼是诸行,无恼是涅槃』——是于寂静之句的智。

Uppādo ‘‘saṅkhārāti bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā ādīnave ñāṇaṃ. Pavattaṃ…pe… upāyāso saṅkhārāti bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā ādīnave ñāṇaṃ. Anuppādo nibbānanti santipade ñāṇaṃ. Appavattaṃ…pe… anupāyāso nibbānanti santipade ñāṇaṃ. Uppādo saṅkhārā, anuppādo nibbānanti santipade ñāṇaṃ. Pavattaṃ…pe… upāyāso saṅkhārā, anupāyāso nibbānanti santipade ñāṇaṃ.
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他见生起与转起、相为苦,

‘‘Uppādañca pavattañca, nimittaṃ dukkhanti passati;
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积聚与结生[亦然],这是于过患的智。

Āyūhanaṃ paṭisandhiṃ, ñāṇaṃ ādīnave idaṃ.
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不生起、不转起、无相是乐,

‘‘Anuppādaṃ appavattaṃ, animittaṃ sukhanti ca;
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无积聚、无结生,这是于寂静之句的智。

Anāyūhanā appaṭisandhi, ñāṇaṃ santipade idaṃ.
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这于过患的智,生于五处;

‘‘Idaṃ ādīnave ñāṇaṃ, pañcaṭhānesu jāyati;
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于寂静之句的五处,他了知十种智;

Pañcaṭhāne santipade, dasa ñāṇe pajānāti;
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由于善巧于两种智,于种种见不动摇。

Dvinnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ kusalatā, nānādiṭṭhīsu na kampatī’’ti.
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由已知之义,它是智;由了知之义,[它]是慧。因此说:『于怖畏现起的慧,是于过患的智。』」(《无碍解道》1.53)

‘‘Taṃ ñātaṭṭhena ñāṇaṃ. Pajānanaṭṭhena paññā. Tena vuccati ‘‘bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā ādīnave ñāṇa’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.53).
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七百五十三、此中,「生起(uppādo)」者:即以过去业为缘而于此[世]生起。「转起(pavattaṃ)」者:即如是已生起者的转起。「相(nimittaṃ)」者:即一切行之相。「积聚(āyūhanā)」者:即作为未来结生之因的业。「结生(paṭisandhi)」者:即未来的生起。「趣(gati)」者:即那结生以之而有的趣。「出生(nibbatti)」者:即诸蕴的出生。「受生(upapatti)」者:即如「或已入等至者的,或已受生者的」(《法集论》1289、1291)这样所说的异熟的转起。「生(jāti)」者:即作为老等之缘、以有为缘的生。老、死等都是明显的。而此中,生起等五项是依过患智之事而说的,其余的是依它们的同义语[而说的]。因为「出生、生」这两者是生起与结生的同义语;「趣、受生」这两者是转起的[同义语];老等是相的[同义语]。因此说——

753. Tattha uppādoti purimakammapaccayā idha uppatti. Pavattanti tathā uppannassa pavatti. Nimittanti sabbampi saṅkhāranimittaṃ. Āyūhanāti āyatiṃ paṭisandhihetubhūtaṃ kammaṃ. Paṭisandhīti āyatiṃ uppatti. Gatīti yāya gatiyā sā paṭisandhi hoti. Nibbattīti khandhānaṃ nibbattanaṃ. Upapattīti ‘‘samāpannassa vā upapannassa vā’’ti (dha. sa. 1289, 1291) evaṃ vuttā vipākappavatti. Jātīti jarādīnaṃ paccayabhūtā bhavapaccayā jāti. Jarāmaraṇādayo pākaṭā eva. Ettha ca uppādādayo pañceva ādīnavañāṇassa vatthuvasena vuttā. Sesā tesaṃ vevacanavasena. Nibbatti jātīti idañhi dvayaṃ uppādassa ceva paṭisandhiyā ca vevacanaṃ. Gati upapattīti idaṃ dvayaṃ pavattassa. Jarādayo nimittassāti. Tenāha –
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「他见生起与转起、相为苦,

‘‘Uppādañca pavattañca, nimittaṃ dukkhanti passati;
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积聚与结生[亦然],这是于过患的智」,

Āyūhanaṃ paṭisandhiṃ, ñāṇaṃ ādīnave ida’’nti ca.
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以及「这于过患的智,生于五处」。

‘‘Idaṃ ādīnave ñāṇaṃ, pañcaṭhānesu jāyatī’’ti ca.
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而「不生起是安稳——是于寂静之句的智(anuppādo khemanti santipade ñāṇaṃ)」等,是为显示过患智的对治之智而说的。或者,这也是为了令那些依怖畏现起见到过患而心惊惧者生起依托——[知道]「也有无怖畏、安稳、无过患[之境]」——而说的。或者,由于生起等对他善现起为怖畏,他的心便倾向于与之相反[的一方],所以应知这也是为显示依怖畏现起而成就的过患智的功德利益而说的。

Anuppādo khemanti santipade ñāṇantiādi pana ādīnavañāṇassa paṭipakkhañāṇadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Bhayatupaṭṭhānena vā ādīnavaṃ disvā ubbiggahadayānaṃ abhayampi atthi khemaṃ nirādīnavanti assāsajananatthampi etaṃ vuttaṃ. Yasmā vā panassa uppādādayo bhayato sūpaṭṭhitā honti, tassa tappaṭipakkhaninnaṃ cittaṃ hoti, tasmā bhayatupaṭṭhānavasena siddhassa ādīnavañāṇassa ānisaṃsadassanatthampetaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.
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而此中,由于凡是怖畏的,必定是苦;它由于未脱离轮转之食、世间之食、烦恼之食,唯是有食的;而凡是有食的,唯是行而已;所以说「生起是苦——于怖畏现起的慧,是于过患的智」等。虽然如此,此中应知唯依以怖畏之行相、苦之行相、有食之行相这样行相的差别而转起,[才有]差别。

Ettha ca yaṃ bhayaṃ, taṃ yasmā niyamato dukkhaṃ. Taṃ vaṭṭāmisalokāmisakilesāmisehi avippamuttattā sāmisameva. Yañca sāmisaṃ, taṃ saṅkhāramattameva. Tasmā ‘‘uppādo dukkhanti bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā ādīnave ñāṇa’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Evaṃ santepi bhayākārena dukkhākārena sāmisākārenāti evaṃ ākāranānattato pavattivasenevettha nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ.
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「他了知十种智(dasañāṇe pajānāti)」者:了知过患智者,了知、通达、作证以生起等为事的五种、以不生起等为事的五种——这十种智。「由于善巧于两种智(dvinnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ kusalatā)」者:即由于对过患智与于寂静之句的智这两种[智]的善巧。「于种种见不动摇(nānādiṭṭhīsu na kampati)」者:即于依最上现法涅槃等而转起的诸见中不颤动。此中其余的都是浅显的。

Dasañāṇe pajānātīti ādīnavañāṇaṃ pajānanto uppādādivatthukāni pañca, anuppādādivatthukāni pañcāti dasa ñāṇāni pajānāti paṭivijjhati sacchikaroti. Dvinnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ kusalatāti ādīnavañāṇassa ceva santipadañāṇassa cāti imesaṃ dvinnaṃ kusalatāya. Nānādiṭṭhīsu na kampatīti paramadiṭṭhadhammanibbānādivasena pavattāsu diṭṭhīsu na vedhati. Sesamettha uttānamevāti.
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过患随观智,终。

Ādīnavānupassanāñāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
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厌离随观智论

Nibbidānupassanāñāṇakathā
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七百五十四、他如是见一切行为过患时,便对属于一切有、生、趣、识住、众生居的、连同类别的行法厌离、厌倦、不喜乐。

754. So evaṃ sabbasaṅkhāre ādīnavato passanto sabbabhavayonigativiññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsagate sabhedake saṅkhāragate nibbindati ukkaṇṭhati nābhiramati.
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譬如喜好质多拘吒山山麓的金色王天鹅,不喜乐于旃陀罗村门口不净的污水坑,唯喜乐于七大湖;同样,这位犹如王天鹅的瑜伽者,也不喜乐于已善见其过患的、连同类别的行法;而由于乐于修习、具足修习之喜乐,唯喜乐于七随观。

Seyyathāpi nāma, cittakūṭapabbatapādābhirato suvaṇṇarājahaṃso asucimhi caṇḍālagāmadvāraāvāṭe nābhiramati, sattasu mahāsaresuyeva abhiramati, evameva ayampi yogīrājahaṃso suparidiṭṭhādīnave sabhedake saṅkhāragate nābhiramati. Bhāvanārāmatāya pana bhāvanāratiyā samannāgatattā sattasu anupassanāsuyeva ramati.
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又犹如被关进金笼的兽王狮子不喜乐,而唯喜乐于广三千由旬的雪山;同样,这位犹如狮子的瑜伽者,连对三种善趣之有也不喜乐,而唯喜乐于三随观。

Yathā ca suvaṇṇapañjare pakkhitto sīho migarājā nābhiramati, tiyojanasahassavitthate pana himavanteyeva ramati, evamayaṃ yogīsīho tividhe sugatibhavepi nābhiramati, tīsu pana anupassanāsuyeva ramati.
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又犹如通体纯白、七处着地、有神通、行于空中的六牙象王,不喜乐于城市中央,而喜乐于雪山的六牙象湖密林;同样,这位犹如殊胜大象的瑜伽者,对一切行法都不喜乐,而喜乐于以「不生起是安稳」等方式所见的寂静之句,他的意倾向于它、趋向于它、朝向于它。

Yathā ca sabbaseto sattapatiṭṭho iddhimā vehāsaṅgamo chaddanto nāgarājā nagaramajjhe nābhiramati, himavati chaddantadahagahaneyeva abhiramati, evamayaṃ yogīvaravāraṇo sabbasmimpi saṅkhāragate nābhiramati, anuppādo khemantiādinā nayena diṭṭhe santipadeyeva abhiramati, tanninnatappoṇatappabbhāramānaso hotīti.
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厌离随观智,终。

Nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
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七百五十五、而这[智]与前面两种智依义是同一的。因此古师们说——

755. Taṃ panetaṃ purimena ñāṇadvayena atthato ekaṃ. Tenāhu porāṇā –
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「怖畏现起虽只是一,却得到三个名称:由于见一切行为怖畏,便得名为怖畏现起;由于对那些行生起过患,便得名为过患随观;由于对那些行厌离而生起,便得名为厌离随观。」

‘‘Bhayatupaṭṭhānaṃ ekameva tīṇi nāmāni labhati, sabbasaṅkhāre bhayato addasāti bhayatupaṭṭhānaṃ nāma jātaṃ. Tesuyeva saṅkhāresu ādīnavaṃ uppādetīti ādīnavānupassanā nāma jātaṃ. Tesuyeva saṅkhāresu nibbindamānaṃ uppannanti nibbidānupassanā nāma jāta’’nti.
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在圣典中也说:「凡于怖畏现起的慧,凡于过患的智,凡厌离——这些法义同一,唯文句不同。」(《无碍解道》1.227)

Pāḷiyampi vuttaṃ – ‘‘yā ca bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā, yañca ādīnave ñāṇaṃ, yā ca nibbidā, ime dhammā ekatthā, byañjanameva nāna’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.227).
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欲解脱智论

Muñcitukamyatāñāṇakathā
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七百五十六、以这厌离智,这位良家子厌离、厌倦、不喜乐时,他的心对属于一切有、生、趣、识住、众生居的、连同类别的诸行,即使对一个行也不粘着、不挂碍、不系缚,而想从一切行法中解脱、想出离。犹如什么呢?犹如落入网中的鱼、落入蛇口的蛙、被关入笼中的林鸡、落入坚固套索控制的鹿、落入弄蛇人手中的蛇、陷入大泥沼的象、落入金翅鸟口中的龙王、进入罗睺口中的月亮、被敌人包围的人——这些等等都想从那一一[困境]中解脱、想出离;同样,那位瑜伽者的心想从一切行法中解脱、想出离。于是,当他如是对一切行离了执着、想从一切行法中解脱时,欲解脱智便生起。

756. Iminā pana nibbidāñāṇena imassa kulaputtassa nibbindantassa ukkaṇṭhantassa anabhiramantassa sabbabhavayonigativiññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsagatesu sabhedakesu saṅkhāresu ekasaṅkhārepi cittaṃ na sajjati, na laggati, na bajjhati, sabbasmā saṅkhāragatā muccitukāmaṃ nissaritukāmaṃ hoti. Yathā kiṃ? Yathā nāma jālabbhantaragato maccho, sappamukhagato maṇḍūko, pañjarapakkhitto vanakukkuṭo, daḷhapāsavasagato migo, ahituṇḍikahatthagato sappo, mahāpaṅkapakkhando kuñjaro, supaṇṇamukhagato nāgarājā, rāhumukhappaviṭṭho cando, sapattaparivārito purisoti evamādayo tato tato muccitukāmā nissaritukāmāva honti, evaṃ tassa yogino cittaṃ sabbasmā saṅkhāragatā muccitukāmaṃ nissaritukāmaṃ hoti. Athassa evaṃ sabbasaṅkhāresu vigatālayassa sabbasmā saṅkhāragatā muccitukāmassa uppajjati muñcitukamyatā ñāṇanti.
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欲解脱智,终。

Muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
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省思随观智论

Paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇakathā
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七百五十七、他如是想从属于一切有、生、趣、[识]住、[众生]居的、连同类别的诸行中解脱,为了从一切行法中解脱,又以省思随观智对那些行如是安立三相而摄受。

757. So evaṃ sabbabhavayonigatiṭṭhitinivāsagatehi sabhedakehi saṅkhārehi muccitukāmo sabbasmā saṅkhāragatā muccituṃ puna te evaṃ saṅkhāre paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇena tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā pariggaṇhāti.
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他依非究竟、暂时、为生起与灭去所限定、破坏、动摇、易坏、不恒、变易之法、无坚实、无有、有为、死之法等理由,见一切行为「无常」。

So sabbasaṅkhāre anaccantikato, tāvakālikato, uppādavayaparicchinnato, palokato, calato, pabhaṅguto, addhuvato, vipariṇāmadhammato, assārakato, vibhavato, saṅkhatato, maraṇadhammatotiādīhi kāraṇehi aniccāti passati.
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依不断逼迫、难忍、苦之基、病、痈、箭、苦患、病恼、灾祸、祸患、怖畏、灾难、无救护、无避难所、无归依、过患、苦患之根、杀戮者、有漏、魔饵、生之法、老之法、病之法、愁之法、悲之法、恼之法、杂染之法等理由,见[它们]为「苦」。

Abhiṇhapaṭipīḷanato, dukkhamato, dukkhavatthuto, rogato, gaṇḍato, sallato, aghato, ābādhato, ītito, upaddavato, bhayato, upasaggato, atāṇato, aleṇato, asaraṇato, ādīnavato, aghamūlato, vadhakato, sāsavato, mārāmisato, jātidhammato, jarādhammato, byādhidhammato, sokadhammato, paridevadhammato, upāyāsadhammato, saṃkilesikadhammatotiādīhi kāraṇehi dukkhāti passati.
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依不可爱、恶臭、可厌、厌逆、不值得装饰、丑陋、丑恶等理由,见[它们]为作为苦相之眷属的不净。

Ajaññato, duggandhato, jegucchato, paṭikkūlato, amaṇḍanārahato, virūpato, bībhacchatotiādīhi kāraṇehi dukkhalakkhaṇassa parivārabhūtato asubhato passati.
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依他、空虚、虚妄、空、无主、不自在、不随[意]转等理由,见[它们]为无我。

Parato, rittato, tucchato, suññato, assāmikato, anissarato, avasavattitotiādīhi kāraṇehi anattato passati.
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七百五十八、因为他如是见时,诸行便名为已安立三相而被摄受。然而,他为何如是摄受它们呢?为了成办放开的方便。

758. Evañhi passatānena tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā saṅkhārā pariggahitā nāma honti. Kasmā panāyamete evaṃ pariggaṇhātīti? Muñcanassa upāyasampādanatthaṃ.
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此中有这样的譬喻——相传有一个人[想]「我要捉鱼」,拿了鱼笱放入水中。他从笱口把手伸进去,在水中抓住了一条蛇的脖子,[以为]「我抓到鱼了」而满意。他[想]「我真得到了一条大鱼」,提起来看时,由于见到三道吉祥旋纹(sovatthika),认知「是蛇」,便畏惧,见到过患,对抓[它]厌离,想要放开,便作放开的方便:从尾尖开始解开[缠住的]手,举起手臂,在头上挥转两三次,使蛇乏力,[说]「去吧,恶蛇!」而放掉,迅速爬上池堤,望着来路站着:「喂,我真是从大蛇的口中脱身了!」

Tatrāyaṃ upamā – eko kira puriso ‘‘macche gahessāmī’’ti macchakhippaṃ gahetvā udake oḍḍāpesi so khippamukhena hatthaṃ otāretvā antoudake sappaṃ gīvāya gahetvā ‘‘maccho me gahito’’ti attamano ahosi. So ‘‘mahā vata mayā maccho laddho’’ti ukkhipitvā passanto sovatthikattayadassanena sappoti sañjānitvā bhīto ādīnavaṃ disvā gahaṇe nibbinno muñcitukāmo hutvā muñcanassa upāyaṃ karonto agganaṅguṭṭhato paṭṭhāya hatthaṃ nibbeṭhetvā bāhuṃ ukkhipitvā uparisīse dve tayo vāre āvijjhitvā sappaṃ dubbalaṃ katvā ‘‘gaccha duṭṭha sappā’’ti nissajjitvā vegena taḷākapāḷiṃ āruyha ‘‘mahantassa vata bho sappassa mukhato muttomhī’’ti āgatamaggaṃ olokayamāno aṭṭhāsi.
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此中,那人把蛇当作「鱼」抓住脖子而欢喜之时,犹如这位瑜伽者最初得到自体而欢喜之时;那人把[蛇]头从笱口拉出来而见到三道吉祥旋纹,犹如这[瑜伽者]作了密集的分解之后于诸行见三相;那人畏惧之时,犹如这[瑜伽者]的怖畏现起智。其后,见过患犹如过患随观智,对抓[它]厌离犹如厌离随观智。想放开蛇犹如欲解脱智,作放开的方便犹如以省思随观智于诸行安立三相。因为犹如那人挥转蛇,使它乏力,使它达到不能回头咬[人]的状态,然后完全地放开;同样,这位瑜伽行者以安立三相挥转诸行,使它们乏力,使它们达到不能再以常、乐、净、我之相现起的状态,然后完全地放开。因此说「为了成办放开的方便而如是摄受」。

Tattha tassa purisassa ‘‘maccho’’ti sappaṃ gīvāya gahetvā tuṭṭhakālo viya imassāpi yogino āditova attabhāvaṃ paṭilabhitvā tuṭṭhakālo, tassa khippamukhato sīsaṃ nīharitvā sovatthikattayadassanaṃ viya imassa ghanavinibbhogaṃ katvā saṅkhāresu tilakkhaṇadassanaṃ, tassa bhītakālo viya imassa bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ. Tato ādīnavadassanaṃ viya ādīnavānupassanāñāṇaṃ, gahaṇe nibbindanaṃ viya nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ. Sappaṃ muñcitukāmatā viya muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃ, muñcanassa upāyakaraṇaṃ viya paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇena saṅkhāresu tilakkhaṇāropanaṃ. Yathā hi so puriso sappaṃ āvijjhitvā dubbalaṃ katvā nivattetvā ḍaṃsituṃ asamatthabhāvaṃ pāpetvā sumuttaṃ muñcati, evamayaṃ yogāvacaro tilakkhaṇāropanena saṅkhāre āvijjhitvā dubbale katvā puna niccasukhasubhaattākārena upaṭṭhātuṃ asamatthataṃ pāpetvā sumuttaṃ muñcati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘muñcanassa upāyasampādanatthaṃ evaṃ pariggaṇhātī’’ti.
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七百五十九、至此,他的省思智(paṭisaṅkhāñāṇa)便已生起。就此而说——

759. Ettāvatā tassa uppannaṃ hoti paṭisaṅkhāñāṇaṃ. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ –
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「以无常作意时,省思什么而后智生起?以苦[作意时呢]?以无我作意时,省思什么而后智生起?以无常作意时,省思相而后智生起。以苦作意时,省思转起而后智生起。以无我作意时,省思相与转起而后智生起。」(《无碍解道》1.227)

‘‘Aniccato manasikaroto kiṃ paṭisaṅkhā ñāṇaṃ uppajjati? Dukkhato. Anattato manasikaroto kiṃ paṭisaṅkhā ñāṇaṃ uppajjati? Aniccato manasikaroto nimittaṃ paṭisaṅkhā ñāṇaṃ uppajjati. Dukkhato manasikaroto pavattaṃ paṭisaṅkhā ñāṇaṃ uppajjati. Anattato manasikaroto nimittañca pavattañca paṭisaṅkhā ñāṇaṃ uppajjatī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.227).
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而此中,「省思相(nimittaṃ paṭisaṅkhā)」者:即依无常相把行之相了知为「不恒的、暂时的」。诚然,并不是先了知、然后智才生起;然而依惯用语,犹如「缘着意与诸法而生起意识」等(《中部》3.421),这样说的。或者,应知是依一性之理,把前与后作为一而这样说的。依此方法,其余两句的意义也应了知。

Ettha ca nimittaṃ paṭisaṅkhāti saṅkhāranimittaṃ ‘‘addhuvaṃ tāvakālika’’nti aniccalakkhaṇavasena jānitvā. Kāmañca na paṭhamaṃ jānitvā pacchā ñāṇaṃ uppajjati, vohāravasena pana ‘‘manañca paṭicca dhamme ca uppajjati manoviññāṇa’’ntiādīni (ma. ni. 3.421) viya evaṃ vuccati. Ekattanayena vā purimañca pacchimañca ekaṃ katvā evaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Iminā nayena itarasmimpi padadvaye attho veditabboti.
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省思随观智,终。

Paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
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行舍智论

Saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇakathā
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七百六十、他如是以省思随观智摄受「一切行是空的」之后,又摄受两句空性:「此[是]空的,以我或以我所[而言]。」(《中部》3.69)他如是既不见自我,也不见任何他者处于自己资具之状之后,又摄受此中所说的四句空性:「我在任何地方都不是任何人的牵挂,在任何地方、任何[事物]中也没有我的牵挂。」

760. So evaṃ paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇena ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā suññā’’ti pariggahetvā puna ‘‘suññamidaṃ attena vā attaniyena vā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.69) dvikoṭikaṃ suññataṃ pariggaṇhāti. So evaṃ neva attānaṃ, na paraṃ kiñci attano parikkhārabhāve ṭhitaṃ disvā puna ‘‘nāhaṃ kvacani, kassaci kiñcanatasmiṃ, na ca mama kvacani, kismiñci kiñcanatatthī’’ti yā ettha catukoṭikā suññatā kathitā, taṃ pariggaṇhāti.
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如何呢?因为这[瑜伽者]以「我在任何地方都不(nāhaṃ kvacani)」[一语],不见任何处的自我;以「是任何人的牵挂(kassaci kiñcanatasmiṃ)」[一语],不见自己的自我可被带入任何他人的牵挂之状——义即不见[自己]可被视为兄弟之位的兄弟、或朋友之位的朋友、或资具之位的资具而被带入[他人那里]。「在任何地方也没有我的(na ca mama kvacani)」——此中,暂且把 mama 一语放在一边,以「在任何地方也不(na ca kvacani)」[一语],也不见任何处他人的自我——此是其义。如今取来 mama 一语,[说]「于任何[事物]中有我的牵挂(mama kismiñci kiñcanatatthi)」,即他不见「他人的自我存在于我的任何[事物]中的牵挂之状」;义即不见他人的自我可在任何处所——视为自己兄弟之位的兄弟、或朋友之位的朋友、或资具之位的资具——以这牵挂之状被带入。如是,由于这[瑜伽者]既不见任何处的自我,也不见它可被带入他人的牵挂之状;既不见他人的自我,也不见他人的自我可被带入自己的牵挂之状,所以他便已摄受了四句空性。

Kathaṃ? Ayañhi nāhaṃ kvacanīti kvaci attānaṃ na passati. Kassaci kiñcanatasminti attano attānaṃ kassaci parassa kiñcanabhāve upanetabbaṃ na passati. Bhātiṭṭhānevā bhātaraṃ, sahāyaṭṭhāne vā sahāyaṃ, parikkhāraṭṭhāne vā parikkhāraṃ maññitvā upanetabbaṃ na passatīti attho. Na ca mama kvacanīti ettha mama-saddaṃ tāva ṭhapetvā na ca kvacanīti parassa ca attānaṃ kvaci napassatīti ayamattho. Idāni mama-saddaṃ āharitvā mama kismiñci kiñcanatatthīti so parassa attā mama kismiñci kiñcanabhāve atthīti na passatīti. Attano bhātiṭṭhāne vā bhātaraṃ, sahāyaṭṭhāne vā sahāyaṃ parikkhāraṭṭhāne vā parikkhāranti kismiñci ṭhāne parassa attānaṃ iminā kiñcanabhāvena upanetabbaṃ na passatīti attho. Evamayaṃ yasmā neva katthaci attānaṃ passati, na taṃ parassa kiñcanabhāve upanetabbaṃ passati, na parassa attānaṃ passati, na parassa attānaṃ attano kiñcanabhāve upanetabbaṃ passati. Tasmānena catukoṭikā suññatā pariggahitā hotīti.
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七百六十一、如是摄受四句空性之后,又以六种行相摄受空性。如何呢?眼是空的——以我、或以我所、或以常、或以恒、或以永恒、或以不变易之法[而言]……乃至……意是空的。诸色是空的……乃至……诸法是空的。眼识……乃至……意识。眼触——如是方法应一直推及到老死。

761. Evaṃ catukoṭikaṃ suññataṃ pariggahetvā puna chahākārehi suññataṃ pariggaṇhāti. Kathaṃ? Cakkhu suññaṃ attena vā attaniyena vā niccena vā dhuvena vā sassatena vā avipariṇāmadhammena vā…pe… mano suñño. Rūpā suññā…pe… dhammā suññā. Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ…pe… manoviññāṇaṃ. Cakkhusamphassoti evaṃ yāva jarāmaraṇā nayo netabbo.
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七百六十二、如是以六种行相摄受空性之后,又以八种行相摄受。即:色是无坚实的、缺坚实的、离坚实的——以常坚实的坚实、或以恒坚实的坚实、或以乐坚实的坚实、或以我坚实的坚实、或以常、或以恒、或以永恒、或以不变易之法[而言]。受……想……行……识……眼……乃至……老死是无坚实的、缺坚实的、离坚实的——以常坚实的坚实、或以恒坚实的坚实、或以乐坚实的坚实、或以我坚实的坚实、或以常、或以恒、或以永恒、或以不变易之法[而言]。犹如芦苇是无坚实的、缺坚实的、离坚实的。犹如蓖麻……犹如优昙婆罗……犹如白婆蹉树……犹如刺桐……犹如泡沫团……犹如水泡……犹如阳焰……犹如芭蕉树干……犹如幻术是无坚实的、缺坚实的、离坚实的,同样,色……乃至……老死是无坚实的、缺坚实的、离坚实的——以常坚实的坚实……乃至……或以不变易之法[而言]。(《小义释》〈摩伽罗阇青年所问释〉88)

762. Evaṃ chahākārehi suññataṃ pariggahetvā puna aṭṭhahākārehi pariggaṇhāti. Seyyathidaṃ – rūpaṃ asāraṃ nissāraṃ sārāpagataṃ niccasārasārena vā dhuvasārasārena vā sukhasārasārena vā attasārasārena vā niccena vā dhuvena vā sassatena vā avipariṇāmadhammena vā. Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ… cakkhu…pe… jarāmaraṇaṃ asāraṃ nissāraṃ sārāpagataṃ niccasārasārena vā dhuvasārasārena vā sukhasārasārena vā attasārasārena vā niccena vā dhuvena vā sassatena vā avipariṇāmadhammena vā. Yathā naḷo asāro nissāro sārāpagato. Yathā eraṇḍo… yathā udumbaro… yathā setavaccho… yathā pāḷibhaddako… yathā pheṇapiṇḍo… yathā udakabubbuḷaṃ… yathā marīci… yathā kadalikkhandho… yathā māyā asārā nissārā sārāpagatā, evameva rūpaṃ…pe… jarāmaraṇaṃ asāraṃ nissāraṃ sārāpagataṃ niccasārasārena vā…pe… avipariṇāmadhammena vāti (cūḷani. mogharājamāṇavapucchāniddesa 88).
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七百六十三、他如是以八种行相摄受空性之后,又以十种行相摄受:他见色为空虚;为虚妄……为空……为无我……为无自在……为不能随欲而作……为不可得……为不随[意]转……为他……为远离而见。见受……乃至……识为空虚……乃至……为远离。

763. So evaṃ aṭṭhahākārehi suññataṃ pariggahetvā puna dasahākārehi pariggaṇhāti, rūpaṃ rittato passati. Tucchato… suññato… anattato… anissariyato… akāmakāriyato… alabbhanīyato… avasavattakato… parato… vivittato passati. Vedanaṃ…pe… viññāṇaṃ rittato…pe… vivittato passatīti.
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七百六十四、如是以十种行相摄受空性之后,又以十二种行相摄受。即:色不是众生,不是命者,不是人,不是青年,不是女人,不是男人,不是自我,不是我所;不是我,不是我的,不是他人的,不是任何人的。受……乃至……识不是任何人的。(《小义释》〈摩伽罗阇青年所问释〉88)

764. Evaṃ dasahākārehi suññataṃ pariggahetvā puna dvādasahākārehi pariggaṇhāti. Seyyathidaṃ – rūpaṃ na satto, na jīvo, na naro, na māṇavo, na itthī, na puriso, na attā, na attaniyaṃ. Nāhaṃ, na mama, na aññassa, na kassaci. Vedanā…pe… viññāṇaṃ na kassacīti (cūḷani. mogharājamāṇavapucchāniddesa 88).
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七百六十五、如是以十二种行相摄受空性之后,又依度遍知,以四十二种行相摄受空性:他见色为无常……为苦……为病……为痈……为箭……为苦患……为病恼……为他……为破坏……为灾祸……为祸患……为怖畏……为灾难……为动摇……为易坏……为不恒……为无救护……为无避难所……为无归依……为非归依处……为空虚……为虚妄……为空……为无我……为无味著……为过患……为变易之法……为无坚实……为苦患之根……为杀戮者……为无有……为有漏……为有为……为魔饵……为生之法……为老之法……为病之法……为死之法……为愁悲苦忧恼之法……为集起……为灭没……为无味著……为过患……为出离。见受……乃至……识为无常……乃至……为出离。

765. Evaṃ dvādasahākārehi suññataṃ pariggaṇhitvā puna tīraṇapariññāvasena dvācattālīsāya ākārehi suññataṃ pariggaṇhāti, rūpaṃ aniccato… dukkhato… rogato… gaṇḍato… sallato… aghato… ābādhato… parato… palokato… ītito… upaddavato… bhayato… upasaggato… calato… pabhaṅguto… addhuvato… atāṇato… aleṇato… asaraṇato… asaraṇībhūtato… rittato… tucchato… suññato… anattato… anassādato… ādīnavato… vipariṇāmadhammato… assārakato… aghamūlato… vadhakato… vibhavato… sāsavato… saṅkhatato… mārāmisato… jātidhammato… jarādhammato… byādhidhammato… maraṇadhammato… sokaparidevadukkhadomanassaupāyāsadhammato… samudayato… atthaṅgamato… anassādato … ādīnavato… nissaraṇato passati. Vedanaṃ…pe… viññāṇaṃ aniccato…pe… nissaraṇato passati.
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这也已被说过:「见色为无常……乃至……为出离者,观察世间为空。见受……乃至……识为无常……乃至……为出离者,观察世间为空。」

Vuttampi cetaṃ – ‘‘rūpaṃ aniccato…pe… nissaraṇato passanto suññato lokaṃ avekkhati. Vedanaṃ…pe… viññāṇaṃ aniccato…pe… nissaraṇato passanto suññato lokaṃ avekkhati’’.
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「摩伽罗阇,常具念,当观世间为空;

‘‘Suññato lokaṃ avekkhassu, mogharāja sadā sato;
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拔除我随见,如是可度越死;

Attānudiṭṭhiṃ ūhacca, evaṃ maccutaro siyā;
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如是观察世间者,死王不见他。」(《经集》1125;《小义释》〈摩伽罗阇青年所问释〉88)

Evaṃ lokaṃ avekkhantaṃ, maccurājā na passatī’’ti. (su. ni. 1125; cūḷani. mogharājamāṇavapucchāniddesa 88);
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七百六十六、他如是见[诸行]为空之后,安立三相而摄受诸行时,舍断怖畏与欢喜,对诸行成为漠然、中立,不取为「我」或「我的」,犹如已离弃妻子的男人。

766. Evaṃ suññato disvā tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā saṅkhāre pariggaṇhanto bhayañca nandiñca vippahāya saṅkhāresu udāsīno ahosi majjhatto, ahanti vā mamanti vā na gaṇhāti vissaṭṭhabhariyo viya puriso.
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犹如有个男人有一个可喜、可乐、可意的妻子,离开她片刻也不能忍受,对她极其执为己有;他见那女人与别的男人一起站着、或坐着、或说着话、或笑着,便会恼怒、不满,感受极度的忧。后来,他见到那女人的过失,想要解脱,便离弃了她,不再把她执取为「我的」。从此以后,即使见到她与任何人一起做任何事,他也既不恼怒,也不陷入忧,反而只是漠然、中立。同样,这[瑜伽者]想要从一切行中解脱,以省思随观摄受诸行时,不见有应执取为「我」「我的」者,便舍断怖畏与欢喜,对一切行成为漠然、中立。

Yathā nāma purisassa bhariyā bhaveyya iṭṭhā kantā manāpā, so tāya vinā muhuttampi adhivāsetuṃ na sakkuṇeyya, ativiya naṃ mamāyeyya, so taṃ itthiṃ aññena purisena saddhiṃ ṭhitaṃ vā nisinnaṃ vā kathentiṃ vā hasantiṃ vā disvā kupito assa anattamano, adhimattaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeyya. So aparena samayena tassā itthiyā dosaṃ disvā muñcitukāmo hutvā taṃ vissajjeyya, na naṃ mamāti gaṇheyya. Tato paṭṭhāya taṃ yenakenaci saddhiṃ yaṃkiñci kurumānaṃ disvāpi neva kuppeyya, na domanassaṃ āpajjeyya, aññadatthu udāsīnova bhaveyya majjhatto. Evamevāyaṃ sabbasaṅkhārehi muñcitukāmo hutvā paṭisaṅkhānupassanāya saṅkhāre pariggaṇhanto ahaṃ mamāti gahetabbaṃ adisvā bhayañca nandiñca vippahāya sabbasaṅkhāresu udāsīno hoti majjhatto.
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当他如是知、如是见时,他的心对三有、四生、五趣、七识住、九众生居退缩、退避、转离而不伸展,[唯有]舍、或厌逆性得以住立。

Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato tīsu bhavesu catūsu yonīsu pañcasu gatīsu sattasu viññāṇaṭṭhitīsu navasu sattāvāsesu cittaṃ patilīyati patikuṭati pativattati na sampasāriyati, upekkhā vā pāṭikulyatā vā saṇṭhāti.
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譬如在稍稍倾斜的莲叶上,水滴退缩、退避、转离而不伸展;同样……乃至……譬如鸡毛或筋碎片被投入火中,便退缩、退避、转离而不伸展(《增支部》7.49);同样,他的心对三有……乃至……[唯有]舍、或厌逆性得以住立。如是,他名为行舍智的[智]便已生起。

Seyyathāpi nāma padumapalāse īsakapoṇe udakaphusitāni patilīyanti patikuṭanti pativattanti na sampasāriyanti, evameva…pe… seyyathāpi nāma kukkuṭapattaṃ vā nahārudaddulaṃ vā aggimhi pakkhittaṃ patilīyati patikuṭati pativattati na sampasāriyati (a. ni. 7.49), evameva tassa tīsu bhavesu cittaṃ…pe… upekkhā vā pāṭikulyatā vā saṇṭhāti. Iccassa saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ nāma uppannaṃ hoti.
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七百六十七、而这[智]若见寂静之句——涅槃——为寂静,便舍弃一切行的转起而唯跃入涅槃。若不见涅槃为寂静,便一再唯以诸行为所缘而转起,犹如航海者的辨方鸦。相传航海的商人登船时,带上名为辨方鸦的[鸟];当船被风吹到异域、看不见海岸时,他们便放出辨方鸦。它从桅杆飞上虚空,随行于一切方位与中间方位,若见到海岸,便径直朝那里飞去;若见不到,便一再回来,依附在桅杆上。同样,若行舍智见寂静之句——涅槃——为寂静,便舍弃一切行的转起而唯跃入涅槃;若不见,便一再唯以诸行为所缘而转起。

767. Taṃ panetaṃ sace santipadaṃ nibbānaṃ santato passati, sabbaṃ saṅkhārappavattaṃ vissajjetvā nibbānameva pakkhandati. No ce nibbānaṃ santato passati, punappunaṃ saṅkhārārammaṇameva hutvā pavattati sāmuddikānaṃ disākāko viya. Sāmuddikā kira vāṇijakā nāvaṃ ārohantā disākākaṃ nāma gaṇhanti, te yadā nāvā vātakkhittā videsaṃ pakkhandati, tīraṃ na paññāyati, tadā disākākaṃ vissajjenti. So kūpakayaṭṭhito ākāsaṃ laṅghitvā sabbā disā ca vidisā ca anugantvā sace tīraṃ passati, tadabhimukhova gacchati. No ce passati, punappunaṃ āgantvā kūpakayaṭṭhiṃyeva allīyati. Evameva sace saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ santipadaṃ nibbānaṃ santato passati, sabbaṃ saṅkhārappavattaṃ vissajjetvā nibbānameva pakkhandati. No ce passati, punappunaṃ saṅkhārārammaṇameva hutvā pavattati.
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这[智]犹如在簸箕边上转动面粉。犹如弹已去籽的棉花,它以种种方式摄受诸行,舍断怖畏与欢喜,于诸行的简择中成为中立,依三种随观而住立。如是住立时,它达到三解脱门之状,成为区分七种圣者的缘。

Tadidaṃ suppagge piṭṭhaṃ vaṭṭayamānaṃ viya. Nibbaṭṭitakappāsaṃ vihanamānaṃ viya nānappakārato saṅkhāre pariggahetvā bhayañca nandiñca pahāya saṅkhāravicinane majjhattaṃ hutvā tividhānupassanāvasena tiṭṭhati. Evaṃ tiṭṭhamānaṃ tividhavimokkhamukhabhāvaṃ āpajjitvā sattaariyapuggalavibhāgāya paccayo hoti.
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七百六十八、此中,这[智]由于依三种随观而转起,依三根的增上,便名为达到三解脱门之状。因为三种随观被称为三解脱门。即如所说——

768. Tatridaṃ tividhānupassanāvasena pavattanato tiṇṇaṃ indriyānaṃ ādhipateyyavasena tividhavimokkhamukhabhāvaṃ āpajjati nāma. Tisso hi anupassanā tīṇi vimokkhamukhānīti vuccanti. Yathāha –
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「而这三解脱门导向出离世间:由于随观一切行为有限定、有围界,由于心跃入无相界;由于对一切行令意激励,由于心跃入无愿界;由于随观一切法为他,由于心跃入空界——这三解脱门导向出离世间。」(《无碍解道》1.219)

‘‘Tīṇi kho panimāni vimokkhamukhāni lokaniyyānāya saṃvattanti, sabbasaṅkhāre paricchedaparivaṭumato samanupassanatāya, animittāya ca dhātuyā cittasampakkhandanatāya, sabbasaṅkhāresu manosamuttejanatāya, appaṇihitāya ca dhātuyā cittasampakkhandanatāya, sabbadhamme parato samanupassanatāya, suññatāya ca dhātuyā cittasampakkhandanatāya, imāni tīṇi vimokkhamukhāni lokaniyyānāya saṃvattantī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.219).
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此中,「为有限定、有围界(paricchedaparivaṭumato)」者:即依生起与灭去而为有限定、有围界。因为无常随观以「在生起之前诸行不存在」而限定,寻求它们的去处时,以「在灭去之后[它们]不前往[何处],就在这里消失」而随观为有围界。「由于令意激励(manosamuttejanatāya)」者:即由于令心悚惧。因为以苦随观令心对诸行悚惧。「由于随观为他(parato samanupassanatāya)」者:即由于如是「不是我,不是我的」而随观为无我。如是应知这三句是依无常随观等而说的。正因如此,在紧接其后的问题解答中说:「以无常作意时,诸行现起为尽。以苦作意时,诸行现起为怖畏。以无我作意时,诸行现起为空。」(《无碍解道》1.219)

Tattha paricchedaparivaṭumatoti udayabbayavasena paricchedato ceva parivaṭumato ca. Aniccānupassanaṃ hi ‘‘udayato pubbe saṅkhārā natthī’’ti paricchinditvā tesaṃ gatiṃ samannesamānaṃ ‘‘vayato paraṃ na gacchanti, ettheva antaradhāyantī’’ti parivaṭumato samanupassati. Manosamuttejanatāyāti cittasaṃvejanatāya. Dukkhānupassanena hi saṅkhāresu cittaṃ saṃvejeti. Parato samanupassanatāyāti ‘‘nāhaṃ, na mamā’’ti evaṃ anattato samanupassanatāya. Iti imāni tīṇi padāni aniccānupassanādīnaṃ vasena vuttānīti veditabbāni. Teneva tadanantare pañhavissajjane vuttaṃ – ‘‘aniccato manasikaroto khayato saṅkhārā upaṭṭhahanti. Dukkhato manasikaroto bhayato saṅkhārā upaṭṭhahanti. Anattato manasikaroto suññato saṅkhārā upaṭṭhahantī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.219).
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七百六十九、然而,以这些随观为门的那些解脱是哪些呢?即无相、无愿、空这三种。因为这已被说过:「以无常作意者,多具胜解,获得无相解脱。以苦作意者,多具轻安,获得无愿解脱。以无我作意者,多具智(veda),获得空解脱。」(《无碍解道》1.223)

769. Katame pana te vimokkhā, yesaṃ imāni anupassanāni mukhānīti? Animitto, appaṇihito, suññatoti ete tayo. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ ‘‘aniccato manasikaronto adhimokkhabahulo animittaṃ vimokkhaṃ paṭilabhati. Dukkhato manasikaronto passaddhibahulo appaṇihitaṃ vimokkhaṃ paṭilabhati. Anattato manasikaronto vedabahulo suññatavimokkhaṃ paṭilabhatī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.223).
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而此中,「无相解脱(animitto vimokkho)」者:即以无相之行相、以涅槃为所缘而转起的圣道。因为它由于于无相界生起,是无相;由于从诸烦恼解脱,是解脱。依此同一方法,以无愿之行相、以涅槃为所缘而转起的,是无愿;以空之行相、以涅槃为所缘而转起的,是空——应如是了知。

Ettha ca animitto vimokkhoti animittākārena nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavatto ariyamaggo. So hi animittāya dhātuyā uppannattā animitto. Kilesehi ca vimuttattā vimokkho. Eteneva nayena appaṇihitākārena nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavatto appaṇihito. Suññatākārena nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavatto suññatoti veditabbo.
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七百七十、而在阿毗达摩中,以「当他修习能出离的、趣向损减的出世间禅,为舍断诸见执、为证得第一地,离诸欲,成就并住于无愿的、空的初禅之时」(《法集论》343 等)如是只说了两种解脱,那是就依直义的以观为来路而说的。因为观智虽然在《无碍解道》中——

770. Yaṃ pana abhidhamme ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāveti niyyānikaṃ apacayagāmiṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāya paṭhamāya bhūmiyā pattiyā vivicceva kāmehi paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati appaṇihitaṃ suññata’’nti (dha. sa. 343 ādayo) evaṃ vimokkhadvayameva vuttaṃ, taṃ nippariyāyato vipassanāgamanaṃ sandhāya. Vipassanāñāṇaṃ hi kiñcāpi paṭisambhidāmagge –
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「『无常随观智放下[以为]常的执著』,故为空解脱。『苦随观智放下[以为]乐的执著;无我随观智放下[以为]我的执著』,故为空解脱。」(《无碍解道》1.229)如是依放下执著而被称为「空解脱」;

‘‘Aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato abhinivesaṃ muñcatīti suññato vimokkho. Dukkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ sukhato abhinivesaṃ. Anattānupassanāñāṇaṃ attato abhinivesaṃ muñcatīti suññato vimokkho’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.229) evaṃ abhinivesaṃ muñcanavasena suññato vimokkhoti ca,
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「『无常随观智放下常之相』,故为无相解脱。『苦随观智放下乐之相,无我随观智放下我之相』,故为无相解脱。」(《无碍解道》1.229)如是依放下相而被称为「无相解脱」;

‘‘Aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato nimittaṃ muñcatīti animitto vimokkho. Dukkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ sukhato nimittaṃ, anattānupassanāñāṇaṃ attato nimittaṃ muñcatīti animitto vimokkho’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.229) evaṃ nimittaṃ muñcanavasena animitto vimokkhoti ca,
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「『无常随观智放下[对]常的愿求』,故为无愿解脱。『苦随观智放下[对]乐的愿求;无我随观智放下[对]我的愿求』,故为无愿解脱。」(《无碍解道》1.229)如是依放下愿求而被称为「无愿解脱」——

‘‘Aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato paṇidhiṃ muñcatīti appaṇihito vimokkho. Dukkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ sukhato paṇidhiṃ. Anattānupassanāñāṇaṃ attato paṇidhiṃ muñcatīti appaṇihito vimokkho’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.229) evaṃ paṇidhiṃ muñcanavasena appaṇihito vimokkhoti ca –
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已被[这样]说过。然而它由于不舍离诸行之相,依直义不是无相的;依直义它是空的与无愿的。而依它[作为]来路,在圣道刹那举出了解脱。因此,应知只说了「无愿的、空的」两种解脱。这暂且是此中的解脱论。

Vuttaṃ. Tathāpi taṃ saṅkhāranimittassa avijahanato na nippariyāyena animittaṃ. Nippariyāyena pana suññatañceva appaṇihitañca. Tassa ca āgamanavasena ariyamaggakkhaṇe vimokkho uddhaṭo. Tasmā appaṇihitaṃ suññatanti vimokkhadvayameva vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Ayaṃ tāvettha vimokkhakathā.
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七百七十一、而所说的「成为区分七种圣者之缘」,此中,随信行者、信解脱者、身证者、俱分解脱者、随法行者、见至者、慧解脱者——这暂且是七种圣者;这行舍智成为区分他们之缘。

771. Yaṃ pana vuttaṃ ‘‘sattaariyapuggalavibhāgāya paccayo hotī’’ti, tattha saddhānusārī, saddhāvimutto, kāyasakkhi, ubhatobhāgavimutto, dhammānusārī, diṭṭhippatto, paññāvimuttoti ime tāva satta ariyapuggalā, tesaṃ vibhāgāya idaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ paccayo hoti.
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七百七十二、因为凡以无常作意、胜解多而获得信根者,他在须陀洹道的刹那是随信行者;在其余七处是信解脱者。

772. Yo hi aniccato manasikaronto adhimokkhabahulo saddhindriyaṃ paṭilabhati, so sotāpattimaggakkhaṇe saddhānusārī hoti. Sesesu sattasu ṭhānesu saddhāvimutto.
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七百七十三、而凡以苦作意、轻安多而获得定根者,他在一切处名为身证者;而得无色禅之后达到最上果者,名为俱分解脱者。

773. Yo pana dukkhato manasikaronto passaddhibahulo samādhindriyaṃ paṭilabhati, so sabbattha kāyasakkhi nāma hoti. Arūpajjhānaṃ pana patvā aggaphalappatto ubhatobhāgavimutto nāma hoti.
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七百七十四、而凡以无我作意、智(veda)多而获得慧根者,他在须陀洹道的刹那是随法行者;在六处是见至者,在最上果是慧解脱者。

774. Yo pana anattato manasikaronto vedabahulo paññindriyaṃ paṭilabhati, so sotāpattimaggakkhaṇe dhammānusārī hoti. Chasu ṭhānesu diṭṭhippatto aggaphale paññāvimuttoti.
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七百七十五、因为这已被说过——

775. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ –
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「以无常作意者,信根增上;由于信根增上,他获得须陀洹道,因此称为随信行者。」

‘‘Aniccato manasikaroto saddhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Saddhindriyassa adhimattattā sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭilabhati, tena vuccati saddhānusārī’’ti.
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同样,「以无常作意者,信根增上;由于信根增上,须陀洹果已被作证,因此称为信解脱者」等(《无碍解道》1.221)。

Tathā ‘‘aniccato manasikaroto saddhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti, saddhindriyassa adhimattattā sotāpattiphalaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti, tena vuccati saddhāvimutto’’tiādi (paṭi. ma. 1.221).
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七百七十六、另外也已说过——

776. Aparampi vuttaṃ –
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「『信而解脱』,故为信解脱者。『作证了所触之边际』,故为身证者。『已达所见之边际』,故为见至者。『信而得解脱』,故为信解脱者。『先触禅之触,后作证灭——[即]涅槃』,故为身证者。『‘诸行是苦,灭是乐’已以慧而知、见、了知、作证、触证』,故为见至者。」(《无碍解道》1.221)

‘‘Saddahanto vimuttoti saddhāvimutto. Phuṭṭhantaṃ sacchikatoti kāyasakkhi. Diṭṭhantaṃ pattoti diṭṭhippatto. Saddahanto vimuccatīti saddhāvimutto. Jhānaphassaṃ paṭhamaṃ phusati pacchā nirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikarotīti kāyasakkhi. ‘Dukkhā saṅkhārā, sukho nirodho’ti ñātaṃ hoti diṭṭhaṃ viditaṃ sacchikataṃ phusitaṃ paññāyāti diṭṭhippatto’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.221).
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七百七十七、而在其余四种[人]中,随行于信,或依信而随行、前往,故为「随信行者」;同样,随行于称为慧的法,或依法而随行,故为「随法行者」;由无色禅与圣道这两分而解脱,故为「俱分解脱者」;了知而解脱,故为「慧解脱者」——应知语义是如此。

777. Itaresu pana catūsu saddhaṃ anusarati, saddhāya vā anusarati gacchatīti saddhānusārī. Tathā paññāsaṅkhātaṃ dhammaṃ anusarati, dhammena vā anusaratīti dhammānusārī. Arūpajjhānena ceva ariyamaggena cāti ubhatobhāgena vimuttoti ubhatobhāgavimutto. Pajānanto vimuttoti paññāvimuttoti evaṃ vacanattho veditabboti.
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行舍智。

Saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ.
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七百七十八、而这[行舍智]依义与前面两种智是一。因此古师们说:「这行舍智唯是一,而得三个名称:在下[段]名为欲解脱智,在中间名为省思随观智,而在末后达至顶点的名为行舍智。」

778. Taṃ panetaṃ purimena ñāṇadvayena atthato ekaṃ. Tenāhu porāṇā – ‘‘idaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ ekameva tīṇi nāmāni labhati, heṭṭhā muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃ nāma jātaṃ, majjhe paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ nāma, ante ca sikhāppattaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ nāma’’.
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七百七十九、在圣典中也已说过——

779. Pāḷiyampi vuttaṃ –
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「怎样是欲解脱、省思、住立之慧,为于诸行舍之智?对生起欲解脱、省思、住立之慧,为于诸行舍之智。对转起……乃至……对相……乃至……对恼欲解脱、省思、住立之慧,为于诸行舍之智。对『生起是苦』……乃至……『是怖畏』……乃至……『是有食的』……乃至……『生起是诸行』……乃至……『恼是诸行』欲解脱、省思、住立之慧,为于诸行舍之智。」(《无碍解道》1.54)

‘‘Kathaṃ muñcitukamyatā-paṭisaṅkhā-santiṭṭhanā paññā saṅkhārupekkhāsu ñāṇaṃ? Uppādaṃ muñcitukamyatā-paṭisaṅkhā-santiṭṭhanā paññā saṅkhārupekkhāsu ñāṇaṃ. Pavattaṃ…pe… nimittaṃ…pe… upāyāsaṃ muñcitukamyatāpaṭisaṅkhā-santiṭṭhanā paññā saṅkhārupekkhāsu ñāṇaṃ. Uppādo dukkhanti…pe… bhayanti…pe… sāmisanti…pe… uppādo saṅkhārāti…pe… upāyāso saṅkhārāti muñcitukamyatā-paṭisaṅkhā-santiṭṭhanā paññā saṅkhārupekkhāsu ñāṇa’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.54).
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七百八十、此中,它既是欲解脱,又是省思,又是住立,故为「欲解脱、省思、住立」。如是,在前分,以厌离智而厌离者欲舍弃生起等,[这]是欲解脱;为作放下的方便,在中间省思,[这]是省思;放下之后,在末后旁观,[这]是住立。就此而说「『生起是诸行』,旁观那些行,故为行舍」等(《无碍解道》1.54)。如是,这智唯是一。

780. Tattha muñcitukamyatā ca sā paṭisaṅkhā ca santiṭṭhanā cāti muñcitukamyatā-paṭisaṅkhā-santiṭṭhanā. Iti pubbabhāge nibbidāñāṇena nibbinnassa uppādādīni pariccajitukāmatā muñcitukāmatā. Muñcanassa upāyakaraṇatthaṃ majjhe paṭisaṅkhānaṃ paṭisaṅkhā. Muñcitvā avasāne ajjhupekkhanaṃ santiṭṭhanā. Yaṃ sandhāya ‘‘uppādo saṅkhārā, te saṅkhāre ajjhupekkhatīti saṅkhārupekkhā’’tiādi (paṭi. ma. 1.54) vuttaṃ. Evaṃ ekamevidaṃ ñāṇaṃ.
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七百八十一、此外,也应依这段圣典了知这[智]唯是一。因为这已被说过:「凡欲解脱[智]、凡省思随观、凡行舍——这些法是同一义,唯名相异。」(《无碍解道》1.227)

781. Apica imāyapi pāḷiyā idaṃ ekamevāti veditabbaṃ. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ – ‘‘yā ca muñcitukamyatā, yā ca paṭisaṅkhānupassanā, yā ca saṅkhārupekkhā, ime dhammā ekatthā, byañjanameva nāna’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.227).
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七百八十二、而如是证得了行舍的这位良家子,他的观达至顶点,成为至出起的。「达至顶点的观」也好,「至出起的」也好,这是行舍等三种智的名称。因为它达到了顶点、[即]最上之性,故为「达至顶点的」;趋至出起,故为「至出起的」。道称为「出起」,由于[它]从成为外在之相的所趣入的事物、以及从内在的转起而出起;趋至那[出起],故为「至出起的」,义即与道相连结。

782. Evaṃ adhigatasaṅkhārupekkhassa pana imassa kulaputtassa vipassanā sikhāppattā vuṭṭhānagāminī hoti. Sikhāppattā vipassanāti vā vuṭṭhānagāminīti vā saṅkhārupekkhādiñāṇattayasseva etaṃ nāmaṃ. Sā hi sikhaṃ uttamabhāvaṃ pattattā sikhāppattā. Vuṭṭhānaṃ gacchatīti vuṭṭhānagāminī. Vuṭṭhānaṃ vuccati bahiddhānimittabhūtato abhiniviṭṭhavatthuto ceva ajjhattapavattato ca vuṭṭhahanato maggo, taṃ gacchatīti vuṭṭhānagāminī, maggena saddhiṃ ghaṭiyatīti attho.
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七百八十三、此中,为阐明趣入与出起,有这论母:于内趣入后从内出起;于内趣入后从外出起;于外趣入后从外出起;于外趣入后从内出起;于色趣入后从色出起;于色趣入后从无色出起;于无色趣入后从无色出起;于无色趣入后从色出起;一举从五蕴出起;依无常趣入后依无常出起;依无常趣入后依苦、依无我出起;依苦趣入后依苦、依无常、依无我出起;依无我趣入后依无我、依无常、依苦出起。

783. Tatrāyaṃ abhinivesavuṭṭhānānaṃ āvibhāvatthāya mātikā – ajjhattaṃ abhinivisitvā ajjhattā vuṭṭhāti, ajjhattaṃ abhinivisitvā bahiddhā vuṭṭhāti, bahiddhā abhinivisitvā bahiddhā vuṭṭhāti, bahiddhā abhinivisitvā ajjhattā vuṭṭhāti, rūpe abhinivisitvā rūpā vuṭṭhāti, rūpe abhinivisitvā arūpā vuṭṭhāti, arūpe abhinivisitvā arūpā vuṭṭhāti, arūpe abhinivisitvā rūpā vuṭṭhāti, ekappahārena pañcahi khandhehi vuṭṭhāti, aniccato abhinivisitvā aniccato vuṭṭhāti, aniccato abhinivisitvā dukkhato, anattato vuṭṭhāti, dukkhato abhinivisitvā dukkhato, aniccato, anattato vuṭṭhāti, anattato abhinivisitvā anattato, aniccato, dukkhato vuṭṭhāti.
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七百八十四、怎样呢?在此,有一人从一开始便趣入于内在的诸行,趣入之后观察它们。然而由于唯以单见内在并没有道的出起,外在也必须观察,因此他对他人的诸蕴与非执受的诸行,也观察为「无常、苦、无我」。他有时思择内在,有时[思择]外在。当他如是思择时,若在思择内在之时观与道相连结,这名为「于内趣入后从内出起」。

784. Kathaṃ? Idhekacco āditova ajjhattasaṅkhāresu abhinivisati, abhinivisitvā te passati. Yasmā pana na suddhaajjhattadassanamatteneva maggavuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, bahiddhāpi daṭṭhabbameva, tasmā parassa khandhepi anupādiṇṇasaṅkhārepi aniccaṃ dukkhamanattāti passati. So kālena ajjhattaṃ sammasati, kālena bahiddhā. Tassevaṃ sammasato ajjhattaṃ sammasanakāle vipassanā maggena saddhiṃ ghaṭiyati. Ayaṃ ajjhattaṃ abhinivisitvā ajjhattā vuṭṭhāti nāma.
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而若在思择外在之时他的观与道相连结,这名为「于内趣入后从外出起」。于外趣入后从外与从内出起,也是这个方式。

Sace panassa bahiddhā sammasanakāle vipassanā maggena saddhiṃ ghaṭiyati, ayaṃ ajjhattaṃ abhinivisitvā bahiddhā vuṭṭhāti nāma. Esa nayo bahiddhā abhinivisitvā bahiddhā ca ajjhattā ca vuṭṭhānepi.
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七百八十五、另一人从一开始便趣入于色,趣入之后把大种色与所造色作成一聚而观察。然而由于唯以单见色并没有出起,无色也必须观察,因此他把以那色为所缘而生起的受、想、诸行与识,[观]为「这是无色」而观察无色。他有时思择色,有时[思择]无色。当他如是思择时,若在思择色之时观与道相连结,这名为「于色趣入后从色出起」。

785. Aparo āditova rūpe abhinivisati, abhinivisitvā bhūtarūpañca upādārūpañca rāsiṃ katvā passati. Yasmā pana na suddharūpadassanamatteneva vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, arūpampi daṭṭhabbameva. Tasmā taṃ rūpaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppannaṃ vedanaṃ saññaṃ saṅkhāre viññāṇañca ‘‘idaṃ arūpa’’nti arūpaṃ passati. So kālena rūpaṃ sammasati, kālena arūpaṃ. Tassevaṃ sammasato rūpasammasanakāle vipassanā maggena saddhiṃ ghaṭiyati, ayaṃ rūpe abhinivisitvā rūpā vuṭṭhāti nāma.
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而若在思择无色之时他的观与道相连结,这名为「于无色趣入后从无色出起」。于无色趣入后从无色与从色出起,也是这个方式。

Sace panassa arūpasammasanakāle vipassanā maggena saddhiṃ ghaṭiyati, ayaṃ arūpe abhinivisitvā arūpā vuṭṭhāti nāma. Esa nayo arūpe abhinivisitvā arūpā ca rūpā ca vuṭṭhānepi.
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七百八十六、如是以「凡任何集法,一切皆是灭法」(《长部》1.298)趣入,而在出起之时也正是如此,这名为「一举从五蕴出起」。

786. ‘‘Yaṃkiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma’’nti (dī. ni. 1.298) evaṃ abhinivisitvā evameva vuṭṭhānakāle pana ekappahārena pañcahi khandhehi vuṭṭhāti nāma.
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七百八十七、有一人从一开始便依无常思择诸行。然而由于唯以依无常思择并没有出起,也必须依苦、依无我思择,因此他也依苦、依无我思择。当他如是行道时,若在依无常思择之时有出起,这名为「依无常趣入后依无常出起」。

787. Eko āditova aniccato saṅkhāre sammasati. Yasmā pana na aniccato sammasanamatteneva vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, dukkhatopi anattatopi sammasitabbameva, tasmā dukkhatopi anattatopi sammasati. Tassevaṃ paṭipannassa aniccato sammasanakāle vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, ayaṃ aniccato abhinivisitvā aniccato vuṭṭhāti nāma.
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而若在依苦、依无我思择之时他有出起,这名为「依无常趣入后依苦、依无我出起」。依苦、依无我趣入后的其余诸出起,也是这个方式。

Sace panassa dukkhato anattato sammasanakāle vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, ayaṃ aniccato abhinivisitvā dukkhato, anattato vuṭṭhāti nāma. Esa nayo dukkhato anattato abhinivisitvā sesavuṭṭhānesupi.
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七百八十八、而此中,无论依无常趣入者、依苦[趣入]者、依无我[趣入]者,若在出起之时是依无常出起,这三人都胜解多,获得信根,以无相解脱而解脱,在初道的刹那是随信行者,在七处是信解脱者。而若是依苦出起,这三人都轻安多,获得定根,以无愿解脱而解脱,在一切处是身证者;而此中以无色禅为基础者,在最上果是俱分解脱者。若他们是依无我出起,这三人都智多,获得慧根,以空解脱而解脱,在初道的刹那是随法行者,在六处是见至者,在最上果是慧解脱者。

788. Ettha ca yopi aniccato abhiniviṭṭho, yopi dukkhato, yopi anattato, vuṭṭhānakāle ca aniccato vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti. Tayopi janā adhimokkhabahulā honti, saddhindriyaṃ paṭilabhanti, animittavimokkhena vimuccanti, paṭhamamaggakkhaṇe saddhānusārino honti, sattasu ṭhānesu saddhāvimuttā. Sace pana dukkhato vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, tayopi janā passaddhibahulā honti, samādhindriyaṃ paṭilabhanti, appaṇihitavimokkhena vimuccanti, sabbattha kāyasakkhino honti. Yassa panettha arūpajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ, so aggaphale ubhatobhāgavimutto hoti. Atha nesaṃ anattato vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, tayopi janā vedabahulā honti, paññindriyaṃ paṭilabhanti, suññatavimokkhena vimuccanti, paṭhamamaggakkhaṇe dhammānusārino honti, chasu ṭhānesu diṭṭhippattā aggaphale paññāvimuttāti.
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七百八十九、现在,为连带前后诸智阐明这至出起观,应知有十二个譬喻。它们的摄颂是这样的——

789. Idāni saddhiṃ purimapacchimañāṇehi imissā vuṭṭhānagāminiyā vipassanāya āvibhāvatthaṃ dvādasa upamā veditabbā. Tāsaṃ idaṃ uddānaṃ –
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「蝙蝠与黑蛇,房屋牛夜叉女孩童;

‘‘Vaggulī kaṇhasappo ca, gharaṃ go yakkhi dārako;
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饥、渴、寒与热,黑暗以及毒。」

Khuddaṃ pipāsaṃ sītuṇhaṃ, andhakāraṃ visena cā’’ti.
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而这些譬喻,从怖畏现起[智]起,住于任何一种智中都可以引来;然而在这一处引来时,从怖畏现起[智]直到果智,一切都变得明显,因此说应在这里引来。

Imā ca upamā bhayatupaṭṭhānato pabhuti yattha katthaci ñāṇe ṭhatvā āharituṃ vaṭṭeyyuṃ. Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne āhariyamānāsu bhayatupaṭṭhānato yāva phalañāṇaṃ sabbaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti, tasmā idheva āharitabbāti vuttā.
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七百九十、「蝙蝠(vaggulī)」者:相传有一只蝙蝠,[想]「在这里我将得到花或果」,便落在一棵有五根枝的木蜜树上,摸了一根枝,在那里没有见到任何可取的花或果。如一根,第二、第三、第四根也是如此;摸了第五根枝也没有见到。它[想]「这树确实是无果的,这里没有任何可取的」,便放下对那树的执着,沿着一根直的枝爬上去,从枝杈之间探出头,向上仰望,飞到空中,落在另一棵结果的树上。

790. Vaggulīti ekā kira vaggulī ‘‘ettha pupphaṃ vā phalaṃ vā labhissāmī’’ti pañcasākhe madhukarukkhe nilīyitvā ekaṃ sākhaṃ parāmasitvā na tattha kiñci pupphaṃ phalaṃ vā gayhupagaṃ addasa. Yathā ca ekaṃ, evaṃ dutiyaṃ, tatiyaṃ, catutthaṃ. Pañcamampi sākhaṃ parāmasitvā nāddasa. Sā ‘‘aphalo vatāyaṃ rukkho, natthettha kiñci gayhupaga’’nti tasmiṃ rukkhe ālayaṃ vissajjetvā ujukāya sākhāya āruyha viṭapantarena sīsaṃ nīharitvā uddhaṃ ulloketvā ākāse uppatitvā aññasmiṃ phalarukkhe nilīyati.
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此中,瑜伽行者应视为犹如蝙蝠;五取蕴犹如有五根枝的木蜜树;瑜伽者对五蕴的趣入,犹如此中蝙蝠的落下;瑜伽者思择色蕴,在那里没有见到任何可取的,[又]思择其余诸蕴,犹如它摸了一根一根的枝,没有见到任何可取的,[又]摸其余的枝;瑜伽者依见到五蕴的无常相等而厌离,[生起]欲解脱[智]等三种智,犹如它[想]「这树确实是无果的」而放下对树的执着;瑜伽者的随顺[智],犹如它沿着直枝向上爬;种姓智犹如探出头向上仰望;道智犹如飞到空中;果智犹如落在另一棵结果的树上。

Tattha vagguli viya yogāvacaro daṭṭhabbo, pañcasākho madhukarukkho viya pañcupādānakkhandhā, tattha vagguliyā nilīyanaṃ viya yogino khandhapañcake abhiniveso, tassā ekekaṃ sākhaṃ parāmasitvā kiñci gayhupagaṃ adisvā avasesasākhāparāmasanaṃ viya yogino rūpakkhandhaṃ sammasitvā tattha kiñci gayhupagaṃ adisvā avasesakkhandhasammasanaṃ, tassā ‘‘aphalo vatāyaṃ rukkho’’ti rukkhe ālayavissajjanaṃ viya yogino pañcasupi khandhesu aniccalakkhaṇādidassanavasena nibbinnassa muñcitukamyatādiñāṇattayaṃ, tassā ujukāya sākhāya upari ārohanaṃ viya yogino anulomaṃ, sīsaṃ nīharitvā uddhaṃ ullokanaṃ viya gotrabhuñāṇaṃ, ākāse uppatanaṃ viya maggañāṇaṃ, aññasmiṃ phalarukkhe nilīyanaṃ viya phalañāṇaṃ.
791已对照

七百九十一、黑蛇的譬喻已在省思智(paṭisaṅkhāñāṇa)中说过了。而在此处譬喻的会通中,种姓智犹如放下蛇;道智犹如放下之后站着回望来时之路;果智犹如走到无怖畏之处而站立——这是差别。

791. Kaṇhasappupamā paṭisaṅkhāñāṇe vuttāva. Upamāsaṃsandane panettha sappavissajjanaṃ viya gotrabhuñāṇaṃ, muñcitvā āgatamaggaṃ olokentassa ṭhānaṃ viya maggañāṇaṃ, gantvā abhayaṭṭhāne ṭhānaṃ viya phalañāṇanti ayaṃ viseso.
792缅 2.303已对照

七百九十二、「房屋(gharaṃ)」者:相传房主傍晚吃过饭,上床入睡之后,房屋着了火。他醒来见到火,[心生]怖畏,[想]:「若能不被烧着而出去,那就好了!」他张望时见到了路,便出去,迅速走到安稳之处而站立。此中,房主吃过饭、上床入睡,犹如愚痴凡夫对五蕴执取为「我、我的」;醒来见到火而怖畏之时,犹如行于正行道、见到[三]相之后[生起的]怖畏现起智;张望出去之路,犹如欲解脱智;见到路,犹如随顺[智];出去,犹如种姓智;迅速行走,犹如道智;站在安稳之处,犹如果智。

792. Gharanti gharasāmike kira sāyaṃ bhuñjitvā sayanaṃ āruyha niddaṃ okkante gharaṃ ādittaṃ, so pabujjhitvā aggiṃ disvā ‘‘bhīto sādhu vatassa sace aḍayhamāno nikkhameyya’’nti olokayamāno maggaṃ disvā nikkhamitvā vegena khemaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā ṭhito. Tattha gharasāmikassa bhuñjitvā sayanaṃ āruyha niddokkamanaṃ viya bālaputhujjanassa khandhapañcake ‘‘ahaṃ mamā’’ti gahaṇaṃ. Pabujjhitvā aggiṃ disvā bhītakālo viya sammāpaṭipadaṃ paṭipajjitvā lakkhaṇaṃ disvā bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ, nikkhamanamaggaṃ olokanaṃ viya muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃ, maggadassanaṃ viya anulomaṃ, nikkhamanaṃ viya gotrabhuñāṇaṃ, vegena gamanaṃ viya maggañāṇaṃ, khemaṭṭhāne ṭhānaṃ viya phalañāṇaṃ.
793已对照

七百九十三、「牛(go)」者:相传有一个农夫夜里入睡时,牛群冲破牛栏逃走了。他在黎明时到那里察看,知道它们逃走了,循着足迹前去,见到了国王的牛。他认定「是我的牛」,便牵着回来;天亮时,他认出「这不是我的牛,是国王的牛」,[心生]怖畏,[想]:「趁国王的差役还没有把我当作『这是盗贼』捉去、使我遭到不幸与灾祸,我就马上逃走。」于是舍下牛群,迅速逃走,站在无怖畏之处。此中,把国王的牛执取为「我的牛」,犹如愚痴凡夫把诸蕴执取为「我、我的」;天亮时认出「是国王的牛」,犹如瑜伽者依三相认出诸蕴是「无常、苦、无我」;怖畏之时,犹如怖畏现起智;想放下[牛群]离去,犹如欲解脱;放下,犹如种姓;逃走,犹如道;逃走之后站在无怖畏之地,犹如果。

793. Goti ekassa kira kassakassa rattibhāge niddaṃ okkantassa vajaṃ bhinditvā goṇā palātā, so paccūsasamaye tattha gantvā olokento tesaṃ palātabhāvaṃ ñatvā anupadaṃ gantvā rañño goṇe addasa. Te ‘‘mayhaṃ goṇā’’ti sallakkhetvā āharanto pabhātakāle ‘‘na ime mayhaṃ goṇā, rañño goṇā’’ti sañjānitvā ‘‘yāva maṃ ‘coro aya’nti gahetvā rājapurisā na anayabyasanaṃ pāpenti, tāvadeva palāyissāmī’’ti bhīto goṇe pahāya vegena palāyitvā nibbhayaṭṭhāne aṭṭhāsi. Tattha ‘‘mayhaṃ goṇā’’ti rājagoṇānaṃ gahaṇaṃ viya bālaputhujjanassa ‘‘ahaṃ mamā’’ti khandhānaṃ gahaṇaṃ, pabhāte ‘‘rājagoṇā’’ti sañjānanaṃ viya yogino tilakkhaṇavasena khandhānaṃ ‘‘aniccā dukkhā anattā’’ti sañjānanaṃ, bhītakālo viya bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇaṃ, vissajjitvā gantukāmatā viya muñcitukamyatā, vissajjanaṃ viya gotrabhu, palāyanaṃ viya maggo, palāyitvā abhayadese ṭhānaṃ viya phalaṃ.
794已对照

七百九十四、「夜叉女(yakkhī)」者:相传有一个男子与一个夜叉女同住。她在夜里[以为]「他睡着了」,便到生尸坟场去吃人肉。他[想]「她到哪里去呢」,便跟随[她],见她吃人肉,知道她不是人,[心生]怖畏,[想]「趁她还没吃我,我就逃走」,便迅速逃走,站在安稳之处。此中,与夜叉女同住,犹如对诸蕴执取为「我、我的」;见她在坟场吃人肉而知道「这是夜叉女」,犹如见到诸蕴的三相而知道[它们的]无常等性;怖畏之时,犹如怖畏现起;想逃走,犹如欲解脱;离开坟场,犹如种姓;迅速逃走,犹如道;站在无怖畏之地,犹如果。

794. Yakkhīti eko kira puriso yakkhiniyā saddhiṃ saṃvāsaṃ kappesi, sā rattibhāge ‘‘sutto aya’’nti mantvā āmakasusānaṃ gantvā manussamaṃsaṃ khādati. So ‘‘kuhiṃ esā gacchatī’’ti anubandhitvā manussamaṃsaṃ khādamānaṃ disvā tassā amanussibhāvaṃ ñatvā ‘‘yāva maṃ na khādati, tāva palāyissāmī’’ti bhīto vegena palāyitvā khemaṭṭhāne aṭṭhāsi. Tattha yakkhiniyā saddhiṃ saṃvāso viya khandhānaṃ ‘‘ahaṃ mamā’’ti gahaṇaṃ, susāne manussamaṃsaṃ khādamānaṃ disvā ‘‘yakkhinī aya’’nti jānanaṃ viya khandhānaṃ tilakkhaṇaṃ disvā aniccādibhāvajānanaṃ, bhītakālo viya bhayatupaṭṭhānaṃ, palāyitukāmatā viya muñcitukamyatā, susānavijahanaṃ viya gotrabhu, vegena palāyanaṃ viya maggo, abhayadese ṭhānaṃ viya phalaṃ.
795缅 2.304已对照

七百九十五、「孩童(dārako)」者:相传有一个溺爱儿子的妇人,她正坐在楼阁上层,听到街中有孩童的声音,[想]「莫非我的儿子被什么人欺负了」,便急速前去,以「自己的儿子」之想抱起了别人的儿子。她认出「这是别人的儿子」,心生愧怍,东张西望,[想]「可别有人说我『这是偷孩子的女人』」,就把孩子放在原处,又急速登上楼阁而坐下。此中,以自己儿子之想抱起别人的儿子,犹如把五蕴执取为「我、我的」;认出「这是别人的儿子」,犹如依三相认出「[这]不是我、不是我的」;心生愧怍,犹如怖畏现起;东张西望,犹如欲解脱智;把孩子就放在原处,犹如随顺[智];放下之后站在街中之时,犹如种姓;登上楼阁,犹如道;登上之后坐下,犹如果。

795. Dārakoti ekā kira puttagiddhinī itthī, sā uparipāsāde nisinnāva antaravīthiyaṃ dārakasaddaṃ sutvā ‘‘putto nu kho me kenaci viheṭhiyatī’’ti vegasā gantvā ‘‘attano putto’’ti saññāya paraputtaṃ aggahesi. Sā ‘‘paraputto aya’’nti sañjānitvā ottappamānā ito cito ca oloketvā ‘‘mā heva maṃ koci ‘dārakacorī aya’nti vadeyyā’’ti dārakaṃ tattheva oropetvā puna vegasā pāsādaṃ āruyha nisīdi. Tattha attano puttasaññāya paraputtassa gahaṇaṃ viya ‘‘ahaṃ mamā’’ti pañcakkhandhagahaṇaṃ, ‘‘paraputto aya’’nti sañjānanaṃ viya tilakkhaṇavasena ‘‘nāhaṃ, na mamā’’ti sañjānanaṃ, ottappanaṃ viya bhayatupaṭṭhānaṃ, ito cito ca olokanaṃ viya muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃ, tattheva dārakassa oropanaṃ viya anulomaṃ, oropetvā antaravīthiyaṃ ṭhitakālo viya gotrabhu, pāsādārūhanaṃ viya maggo, āruyha nisīdanaṃ viya phalaṃ.
796已对照

七百九十六、而「饥、渴、寒与热,黑暗以及毒」——这六个譬喻,是为显示住于至出起观者面向、倾向、趋向、朝向出世间法的状态而说的。因为犹如为饥饿所压倒、极其饥饿的人希求美味的食物,同样,这位为轮回之轮转的饥饿所触的瑜伽行者,希求具有不死之味的身至念之食。

796. Khuddaṃ pipāsaṃ sītuṇhaṃ, andhakāraṃ visena cāti imā pana cha upamā vuṭṭhānagāminiyā vipassanāya ṭhitassa lokuttaradhammābhimukhaninnapoṇapabbhārabhāvadassanatthaṃ vuttā. Yathā hi khuddāya abhibhūto sujighacchito puriso sādurasaṃ bhojanaṃ pattheti, evamevāyaṃ saṃsāravaṭṭajighacchāya phuṭṭho yogāvacaro amatarasaṃ kāyagatāsatibhojanaṃ pattheti.
已对照

又犹如口渴的人喉咙与口干透,希求以多种成分配成的饮料,同样,这位为轮回之轮转的干渴所触的瑜伽行者,希求八支圣道之饮料。

Yathā ca pipāsito puriso parisussamānakaṇṭhamukho anekaṅgasambhāraṃ pānakaṃ pattheti, evamevāyaṃ saṃsāravaṭṭapipāsāya phuṭṭho yogāvacaro ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikamaggapānakaṃ pattheti.
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又犹如为寒冷所触的人希求暖热,同样,这位在轮回之轮转中为渴爱之润湿的寒冷所触的瑜伽行者,希求炙烤烦恼的道之火。

Yathā pana sītasamphuṭṭho puriso uṇhaṃ pattheti, evamevāyaṃ saṃsāravaṭṭe taṇhāsinehasītena phuṭṭho yogāvacaro kilesasantāpakaṃ maggatejaṃ pattheti.
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又犹如为炎热所触的人希求清凉,同样,这位在轮回之轮转中为十一种火的炙热所灼烧的瑜伽行者,希求十一种火的止息——涅槃。

Yathā ca uṇhasamphuṭṭho puriso sītaṃ pattheti, evamevāyaṃ saṃsāravaṭṭe ekādasaggisantāpasantatto yogāvacaro ekādasaggivūpasamaṃ nibbānaṃ pattheti.
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又犹如为黑暗所笼罩的人希求光明,同样,这位为无明的黑暗所包裹、遍覆的瑜伽行者,希求智之光明——道的修习。

Yathā pana andhakārapareto puriso ālokaṃ pattheti, evamevāyaṃ avijjandhakārena onaddhapariyonaddho yogāvacaro ñāṇālokaṃ maggabhāvanaṃ pattheti.
缅 2.305已对照

又犹如中毒的人希求解毒的药,同样,这位为烦恼之毒所触的瑜伽行者,希求摧破烦恼之毒的不死之药——涅槃。因此说:「他这样知、这样见时,心于三有……乃至……于九众生居退缩、退避、转离而不伸展,舍或厌逆性得以住立。犹如在稍稍倾斜的莲叶上」——这一切都应依前面所说的方式了知。

Yathā ca visasamphuṭṭho puriso visaghātanaṃ bhesajjaṃ pattheti, evamevāyaṃ kilesavisasamphuṭṭho yogāvacaro kilesavisanimmathanaṃ amatosadhaṃ nibbānaṃ pattheti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘tassevaṃ jānato evaṃ passato tīsu bhavesu…pe… navasu sattāvāsesu cittaṃ patilīyati patikuṭati pativattati na sampasāriyati. Upekkhā vā pāṭikulyatā vā saṇṭhāti. Seyyathāpi nāma padumapalāse īsakapoṇe’’ti sabbaṃ pubbe vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.
797已对照

七百九十七、而至此,他名为退缩而行者(patilīnacaro),就此而说——

「对退缩而行的比丘,

亲近远离坐处者,

[诸圣者]说那对他是恰当的:

他不于诸有中显现自己。」(《经集》816;《大义释》45)

如是,这行舍智决定了瑜伽者的退缩而行之性后,进而也决定圣道的觉支、道支、禅支、行道、解脱的差别。因为有些长老说:「基础禅决定觉支、道支、禅支的差别。」有些[长老]说:「成为观之所缘的诸蕴决定[它]。」有些[长老]说:「个人的意乐决定[它]。」应知在他们的这些说法中,也唯是这前分的至出起观在决定。

797. Ettāvatā ca panesa patilīnacaro nāma hoti, yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ –
‘‘Patilīnacarassa bhikkhuno,
Bhajamānassa vivittamāsanaṃ;
Sāmaggiyamāhu tassa taṃ,
Yo attānaṃ bhavane na dassaye’’ti. (su. ni. 816; mahāni. 45);
Evamidaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ yogino patilīnacarabhāvaṃ niyametvā uttari ariyamaggassāpi bojjhaṅgamaggaṅgajhānaṅgapaṭipadāvimokkhavisesaṃ niyameti. Keci hi therā bojjhaṅgamaggaṅgajhānaṅgānaṃ visesaṃ pādakajjhānaṃ niyametīti vadanti. Keci vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtā khandhā niyamentīti vadanti. Keci puggalajjhāsayo niyametīti vadanti. Tesampi vādesu ayaṃ pubbabhāgavuṭṭhānagāminivipassanāva niyametīti veditabbā.
798缅 2.306已对照

七百九十八、此中这是次第之论:因为依观的决定,干观者所生起的道、得等至者不以禅为基础而生起的道、以初禅为基础而思择杂行之后所生起的道,都是属初禅的;在一切[这些道]中,有七觉支、八道支、五禅支。因为他们前分的观虽然[有时]与喜悦俱行、[有时]与舍俱行,在出起之时达到行舍之性,便是与喜悦俱行的。在五种法中,以第二、第三、第四禅为基础而生起的诸道中,禅依次是四支的、三支的、二支的;而在一切[这些道]中有七道支;在第四[禅为基础者]中有六觉支。这差别是依基础禅的决定与观的决定而有的。因为他们前分的观也是[有时]与喜悦俱行、[有时]与舍俱行的;至出起[观]则唯与喜悦俱行。而在以第五禅为基础而生起的道中,依舍与心一境性有两禅支,觉支与道支[各]是六与七。这差别也是依两种决定而有的。因为在这方式中,前分的观或与喜悦俱行,或与舍俱行;至出起[观]则唯与舍俱行。在以无色禅为基础而生起的道中,也是这个方式。如是,从基础禅出起之后思择任何诸行而生起的道,在[道的]邻近处所出起的等至,使[道]成为与自己相似,犹如地的颜色[使]蜥蜴的颜色[与之相似]。

798. Tatrāyaṃ anupubbikathā – vipassanāniyamena hi sukkhavipassakassa uppannamaggopi, samāpattilābhino jhānaṃ pādakaṃ akatvā uppannamaggopi, paṭhamajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā pakiṇṇakasaṅkhāre sammasitvā uppāditamaggopi paṭhamajjhānikāva honti. Sabbesu satta bojjhaṅgāni aṭṭha maggaṅgāni pañca jhānaṅgāni honti. Tesaṃ hi pubbabhāgavipassanā somanassasahagatāpi upekkhāsahagatāpi hutvā vuṭṭhānakāle saṅkhārupekkhābhāvaṃ patvā somanassasahagatā hoti. Pañcakanaye dutiyatatiyacatutthajjhānāni pādakāni katvā uppāditamaggesu yathākkameneva jhānaṃ caturaṅgikaṃ tivaṅgikaṃ duvaṅgikañca hoti. Sabbesu pana satta maggaṅgāni honti. Catutthe cha bojjhaṅgāni. Ayaṃ viseso pādakajjhānaniyamena ceva vipassanāniyamena ca hoti. Tesampi hi pubbabhāgavipassanā somanassasahagatāpi upekkhāsahagatāpi hoti. Vuṭṭhānagāminī somanassasahagatāva. Pañcamajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā nibbattitamagge pana upekkhācittekaggatāvasena dve jhānaṅgāni bojjhaṅgamaggaṅgāni cha satta ceva. Ayampi viseso ubhayaniyamavasena hoti. Imasmiṃ hi naye pubbabhāgavipassanā somanassasahagatā vā upekkhāsahagatā vā hoti. Vuṭṭhānagāminī upekkhāsahagatāva. Arūpajjhānāni pādakaṃ katvā uppāditamaggepi eseva nayo. Evaṃ pādakajjhānato vuṭṭhāya yekeci saṅkhāre sammasitvā nibbattitamaggassa āsannapadese vuṭṭhitasamāpatti attano sadisabhāvaṃ karoti bhūmivaṇṇo viya godhāvaṇṇassa.
799已对照

七百九十九、而在第二位长老之说中,从哪一种等至出起、思择哪些等至之法而生起了道,[道]便唯与那一种等至相似。而在那里,观的决定也应依所说的方式了知。

799. Dutiyattheravāde pana yato yato samāpattito vuṭṭhāya ye ye samāpattidhamme sammasitvā maggo nibbattito hoti, taṃtaṃsamāpattisadisova hoti. Tatrāpi ca vipassanāniyamo vuttanayeneva veditabbo.
800已对照

八百、在第三位长老之说中,各依自己的意乐,以哪一种禅为基础、思择哪些禅法而生起了道,[道]便唯与那一种禅相似。然而没有基础禅或所思择的禅,唯以意乐,那是不成就的。这义应以《难陀迦教诫经》(《中部》3.398 等)来阐明。而在这里,观的决定也应依所说的方式了知。如是,应知行舍暂且决定觉支、道支、禅支。

800. Tatiyattheravāde attano attano ajjhāsayānurūpena yaṃ yaṃ jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā ye ye jhānadhamme sammasitvā maggo nibbattito, taṃtaṃjhānasadisova hoti. Pādakajjhānaṃ pana sammasitajjhānaṃ vā vinā ajjhāsayamatteneva taṃ na ijjhati. Svāyamattho nandakovādasuttena (ma. ni. 3.398 ādayo) dīpetabbo. Etthāpi ca vipassanāniyamo vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Evaṃ tāva saṅkhārupekkhā bojjhaṅgamaggaṅgajhānaṅgāni niyametīti veditabbā.
801已对照

八百零一、而若这[行舍]起初镇伏诸烦恼时,以苦、以加行、有行地才得以镇伏,便名为苦行道;反之是乐行道。而镇伏诸烦恼之后,迟缓地作成以观为住留的道之显现,便名为迟证智;反之是速证智。如是,这行舍住于来路之处,给予各自的道名称;因此,道得四个名称。

801. Sace panāyaṃ ādito kilese vikkhambhayamānā dukkhena sappayogena sasaṅkhārena vikkhambhetuṃ asakkhi, dukkhāpaṭipadā nāma hoti. Vipariyāyena sukhāpaṭipadā. Kilese pana vikkhambhetvā vipassanāparivāsaṃ maggapātubhāvaṃ saṇikaṃ kurumānā dandhābhiññā nāma hoti. Vipariyāyena khippābhiññā. Iti ayaṃ saṅkhārupekkhā āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā attano attano maggassa nāmaṃ deti. Tena maggo cattāri nāmāni labhati.
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而这行道,对某比丘[于诸道]是各异的,对某[比丘]于四道也唯是同一种。而诸佛的四道都唯是乐行道、速证智;法将[舍利弗]也是如此。而大目犍连长老的初道是乐行道、速证智,上面三[道]是苦行道、迟证智。又如行道,诸增上也是如此:对某比丘于四道是各异的,对某[比丘]于四道也唯是同一种。如是,行舍决定行道的差别。而它如何决定解脱的差别,那前面已经说过了。

Sā panāyaṃ paṭipadā kassaci bhikkhuno nānā hoti, kassaci catūsupi maggesu ekāva. Buddhānaṃ pana cattāropi maggā sukhāpaṭipadā khippābhiññāva ahesuṃ. Tathā dhammasenāpatissa. Mahāmoggallānattherassa pana paṭhamamaggo sukhāpaṭipado khippābhiñño ahosi. Upari tayo dukkhāpaṭipadā dandhābhiññā. Yathā ca paṭipadā, evaṃ adhipatayopi kassaci bhikkhuno catūsu maggesu nānā honti. Kassaci catūsupi ekāva. Evaṃ saṅkhārupekkhā paṭipadāvisesaṃ niyameti. Yathā pana vimokkhavisesaṃ niyameti, taṃ pubbe vuttameva.
802已对照

八百零二、此外,所谓道,依五种因由而得名:依自味(sarasena)、依对立(paccanīkena)、依自德(saguṇena)、依所缘、或依来路。因为若行舍依无常思择诸行而出起,便以无相解脱而解脱;若依苦思择而出起,便以无愿解脱而解脱;若依无我思择而出起,便以空解脱而解脱。这名为依自味的名称。

802. Apica maggo nāma pañcahi kāraṇehi nāmaṃ labhati sarasena vā paccanīkena vā saguṇena vā ārammaṇena vā āgamanena vā. Sace hi saṅkhārupekkhā aniccato saṅkhāre sammasitvā vuṭṭhāti, animittavimokkhena vimuccati. Sace dukkhato sammasitvā vuṭṭhāti, appaṇihitavimokkhena vimuccati. Sace anattato sammasitvā vuṭṭhāti, suññatavimokkhena vimuccati. Idaṃ sarasato nāmaṃ nāma.
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而由于它是以无常随观作了诸行的密集的分解,舍断常相、恒相、永恒相而来的,故为无相的;又由于是以苦随观舍断乐想、使愿与希求干涸而来的,故为无愿的;由于以无我随观舍断我、众生、人之想,见诸行为空,故为空的——这名为依对立的名称。

Yasmā panesa aniccānupassanāya saṅkhārānaṃ ghanavinibbhogaṃ katvā niccanimittadhuvanimittasassatanimittāni pajahanto āgato, tasmā animitto. Dukkhānupassanāya pana sukhasaññaṃ pahāya paṇidhiṃ patthanaṃ sukkhāpetvā āgatattā appaṇihito. Anattānupassanāya attasattapuggalasaññaṃ pahāya saṅkhārānaṃ suññato diṭṭhattā suññatoti idaṃ paccanīkato nāmaṃ nāma.
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而由于它空于贪等,故为空的;由于没有色相等、或唯没有贪相等,故为无相的;由于没有贪之愿等,故为无愿的——这是它依自德的名称。

Rāgādīhi panesa suññattā suññato, rūpanimittādīnaṃ rāganimittādīnaññeva vā abhāvena animitto, rāgapaṇidhiādīnaṃ abhāvato appaṇihitoti idamassa saguṇato nāmaṃ.
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而这[道]以空的、无相的、无愿的涅槃为所缘,因此也被称为空的、无相的、无愿的。这是它依所缘的名称。

Svāyaṃ suññaṃ animittaṃ appaṇihitañca nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ karotītipi suññato animitto appaṇihitoti vuccati. Idamassa ārammaṇato nāmaṃ.
803缅 2.308已对照

八百零三、而来路有两种:观的来路与道的来路。此中,于道得观的来路,于果得道的来路。因为无我随观名为空性,由空性观[而生]的道是空的;无常随观名为无相,由无相观[而生]的道是无相的。然而这名称依阿毗达摩的方式不可得,依经教的方式可得。因为[诸师]说:在那里,种姓智以无相的涅槃为所缘,成为名为无相者,自己住于来路之处,给予道名称;因此道被称为无相的。而依道的来路,果是无相的,这当然是合理的。苦随观由于使对诸行的愿干涸而来,名为无愿;由无愿观[而生]的道是无愿的;无愿道的果是无愿的。如是,观把自己的名称给予道,道[把名称给予]果——这是依来路的名称。如是,这行舍决定解脱的差别。

803. Āgamanaṃ pana duvidhaṃ vipassanāgamanaṃ maggāgamanañca. Tattha magge vipassanāgamanaṃ labhati, phale maggāgamanaṃ. Anattānupassanā hi suññatā nāma, suññatavipassanāya maggo suññato, aniccānupassanā animittā nāma, animittavipassanāya maggo animitto. Idaṃ pana nāmaṃ na abhidhammapariyāyena labbhati, suttantapariyāyena labbhati. Tatra hi gotrabhuñāṇaṃ animittaṃ nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā animittanāmakaṃ hutvā sayaṃ āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā maggassa nāmaṃ detīti vadanti. Tena maggo animittoti vutto. Maggāgamanena pana phalaṃ animittanti yujjatiyeva. Dukkhānupassanā saṅkhāresu paṇidhiṃ sukkhāpetvā āgatattā appaṇihitā nāma, appaṇihitavipassanāya maggo appaṇihito, appaṇihitamaggassa phalaṃ appaṇihitaṃ. Evaṃ vipassanā attano nāmaṃ maggassa deti, maggo phalassāti idaṃ āgamanato nāmaṃ. Evamayaṃ saṅkhārupekkhā vimokkhavisesaṃ niyametīti.
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行舍智,终。

Saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
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随顺智论

Anulomañāṇakathā
804已对照

八百零四、当他习行、修习、多作那行舍智时,胜解之信生起得更强,精进被善加策励,念善现起,心善得定,更锐利的行舍生起。当他[到了]「现在道将要生起」[之时],行舍把诸行思择为「无常」或「苦」或「无我」之后沉入有分。在有分之后,依行舍所作的方式,把诸行作为「无常」或「苦」或「无我」的所缘,意门转向生起。其后,在那转离有分而生起的唯作心之后,连续着无间隙的心相续,同样以诸行为所缘,第一速行心生起,它称为「遍作」。紧接其后,同样以诸行为所缘,第二速行心生起,它称为「近行」。紧接其后,也同样以诸行为所缘,第三速行心生起,它称为「随顺」。这是它们各别的名称。

804. Tassa taṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ āsevantassa bhāventassa bahulīkarontassa adhimokkhasaddhā balavatarā nibbattati, vīriyaṃ supaggahitaṃ hoti, sati sūpaṭṭhitā, cittaṃ susamāhitaṃ, tikkhatarā saṅkhārupekkhā uppajjati. Tassa ‘‘dāni maggo uppajjissatī’’ti saṅkhārupekkhā saṅkhāre aniccāti vā dukkhāti vā anattāti vā sammasitvā bhavaṅgaṃ otarati. Bhavaṅgānantaraṃ saṅkhārupekkhāya katanayeneva saṅkhāre aniccāti vā dukkhāti vā anattāti vā ārammaṇaṃ kurumānaṃ uppajjati manodvārāvajjanaṃ. Tato bhavaṅgaṃ āvaṭṭetvā uppannassa tassa kiriyacittassānantaraṃ avīcikaṃ cittasantatiṃ anuppabandhamānaṃ tatheva saṅkhāre ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppajjati paṭhamaṃ javanacittaṃ, yaṃ parikammanti vuccati. Tadanantaraṃ tatheva saṅkhāre ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppajjati dutiyaṃ javanacittaṃ, yaṃ upacāranti vuccati. Tadanantarampi tatheva saṅkhāre ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppajjati tatiyaṃ javanacittaṃ, yaṃ anulomanti vuccati. Idaṃ nesaṃ pāṭiyekkaṃ nāmaṃ.
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而不加区别,这三种也都可以称为「串习」、「遍作」、「近行」、「随顺」。随顺于什么呢?随顺于前分与后分。因为它以同样的作用随顺于前面八种观智,也随顺于上面的三十七菩提分法。因为它依无常相等而缘诸行转起,犹如依义而说:「生灭智确实见到了唯有生灭之诸法的生与灭」「坏灭随观确实见到了唯有坏灭之[诸法]的坏灭」「对怖畏现起[智]现起为怖畏的,确实唯是有怖畏者」「过患随观确实于唯有过患者见到了过患」「厌离智确实于唯应厌离者而厌离」「欲解脱智确实对唯应放下者生起了欲解脱」「以省思智所省思的,确实唯是应省思者」「以行舍所舍的,确实唯是应舍者」——如是以同样的作用随顺于这八种智;又由于上面的三十七菩提分法须以这行道而证得,[故也随顺于它们]。

Avisesena pana tividhampetaṃ āsevanantipi parikammantipi upacārantipi anulomantipi vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Kissānulomaṃ? Purimabhāgapacchimabhāgānaṃ. Tañhi purimānaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ vipassanāñāṇānaṃ tathakiccatāya ca anulometi, upari ca sattatiṃsāya bodhipakkhiyadhammānaṃ. Tañhi aniccalakkhaṇādivasena saṅkhāre ārabbha pavattattā, ‘‘udayabbayavantānaṃyeva vata dhammānaṃ udayabbayañāṇaṃ uppādavaye addasā’’ti ca, ‘‘bhaṅgavantānaṃyeva vata bhaṅgānupassanaṃ bhaṅgaṃ addasā’’ti ca, ‘‘sabhayaṃyeva vata bhayatupaṭṭhānassa bhayato upaṭṭhita’’nti ca, ‘‘sādīnaveyeva vata ādīnavānupassanaṃ ādīnavaṃ addasā’’ti ca, ‘‘nibbinditabbeyeva vata nibbidāñāṇaṃ nibbinna’’nti ca, ‘‘muñcitabbamhiyeva vata muñcitukamyatāñāṇaṃ muñcitukāmaṃ jāta’’nti ca, ‘‘paṭisaṅkhātabbaṃyeva vata paṭisaṅkhāñāṇena paṭisaṅkhāta’’nti ca, ‘‘upekkhitabbaṃyeva vata saṅkhārupekkhāya upekkhita’’nti ca atthato vadamānaṃ viya imesañca aṭṭhannaṃ ñāṇānaṃ tathakiccatāya anulometi, upari ca sattatiṃsāya bodhipakkhiyadhammānaṃ tāya paṭipattiyā pattabbattā.
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譬如如法的国王坐在断事之处,听了司法大臣们的判决,舍弃行不应行处,成为中立者,[说]「就这样吧」而随喜,既随顺于他们的判决,也随顺于古代的王法——此应知亦如是。因为随顺智犹如国王,八种智犹如八位司法大臣,三十七菩提分法犹如古代的王法。此中,犹如国王说「就这样吧」,既随顺于司法官们的判决,也随顺于王法;同样,这[随顺智]依无常等而缘诸行生起,既以同样的作用随顺于八种智,也随顺于上面的三十七菩提分法。正因此,它被称为谛随顺智。

Yathā hi dhammiko rājā vinicchayaṭṭhāne nisinno vohārikamahāmattānaṃ vinicchayaṃ sutvā agatigamanaṃ pahāya majjhatto hutvā ‘‘evaṃ hotū’’ti anumodamāno tesañca vinicchayassa anulometi, porāṇassa ca rājadhammassa, evaṃsampadamidaṃ veditabbaṃ. Rājā viya hi anulomañāṇaṃ, aṭṭha vohārikamahāmattā viya aṭṭha ñāṇāni, porāṇo rājadhammo viya sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyā. Tattha yathā rājā ‘‘evaṃ hotū’’ti vadamāno vohārikānañca vinicchayassa, rājadhammassa ca anulometi, evamidaṃ aniccādivasena saṅkhāre ārabbha uppajjamānaṃ aṭṭhannañca ñāṇānaṃ tathakiccatāya anulometi, upari ca sattatiṃsāya bodhipakkhiyadhammānaṃ. Teneva saccānulomikañāṇanti vuccatīti.
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随顺智,终。

Anulomañāṇaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
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至出起观论

Vuṭṭhānagāminīvipassanākathā
805缅 2.310已对照

八百零五、而这随顺智是以诸行为所缘的至出起观的终点;然而就一切而言,种姓智才是至出起观的终点。现在,为了对那至出起观不迷惑,应知这诸经的会通。

即——

因为这至出起观,在《六处分别经》中,由说了「诸比丘,依止非彼所成性、缘于非彼所成性,凡那[依]一性[而有]的、依于一性的舍,你们要舍断它,你们要超越它」(《中部》3.310),如是被说为「非彼所成性」。

在《蛇喻经》中,由说了「厌离而离贪,由离贪而解脱」(《中部》1.245),如是被说为「厌离」。

在《须深经》中,由说了「须深,先是法住智,其后是于涅槃之智」(《相应部》2.70),如是被说为「法住智」。

在《布咤婆楼经》中,由说了「布咤婆楼,是想先生起、后有智」(《长部》1.416),如是被说为「想的顶点」。

在《十上经》中,由说了「行道智见清净是清净勤支」(《长部》3.359),如是被说为「清净勤支」。

在《无碍解道》中,由说了「凡欲解脱[智]、凡省思随观、凡行舍——这些法是同一义,唯名相异」(《无碍解道》1.227),如是以三个名字被说。

在《发趣论》中,由说了「随顺[为]种姓的[缘],随顺[为]净化的[缘]」(《发趣论》1.1.417),如是以三个名字被说。

在《传车经》中,由说了「贤友,那么是为了行道智见清净而在世尊[座下]住梵行吗?」(《中部》1.257),如是被说为「行道智见清净」。

如是以众多名称,大仙所称扬的、

至出起的、寂静的、清净的观;

欲从轮回苦之泥、大怖畏中出起的、

具智之人,应于此恒常致力。

805. Idañca pana anulomañāṇaṃ saṅkhārārammaṇāya vuṭṭhānagāminiyā vipassanāya pariyosānaṃ hoti. Sabbena sabbaṃ pana gotrabhuñāṇaṃ vuṭṭhānagāminiyā vipassanāya pariyosānaṃ. Idāni tassāyeva vuṭṭhānagāminiyā vipassanāya asammohatthaṃ ayaṃ suttasaṃsandanā veditabbā.
Seyyathidaṃ –
Ayañhi vuṭṭhānagāminī vipassanā saḷāyatanavibhaṅgasutte ‘‘atammayataṃ, bhikkhave, nissāya atammayataṃ āgamma yāyaṃ upekkhā ekattā ekattasitā, taṃ pajahatha taṃ samatikkamathā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.310) evaṃ atammayatāti vuttā.
Alagaddasuttante ‘‘nibbindaṃ virajjati, virāgā vimuccatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.245) evaṃ nibbidāti vuttā.
Susimasuttante ‘‘pubbe kho, susima, dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ, pacchā nibbāne ñāṇa’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.70) evaṃ dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇanti vuttā.
Poṭṭhapādasuttante ‘‘saññā kho, poṭṭhapāda, paṭhamaṃ uppajjati, pacchā ñāṇa’’nti (dī. ni. 1.416) evaṃ saññagganti vuttā.
Dasuttarasuttante ‘‘paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhi pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅga’’nti (dī. ni. 3.359) evaṃ pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅganti vuttā.
Paṭisambhidāmagge ‘‘yā ca muñcitukamyatā yā ca paṭisaṅkhānupassanā yā ca saṅkhārupekkhā, ime dhammā ekatthā byañjanameva nāna’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.227) evaṃ tīhi nāmehi vuttā.
Paṭṭhāne ‘‘anulomaṃ gotrabhussa, anulomaṃ vodānassā’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.417) evaṃ tīhi nāmehi vuttā.
Rathavinītasuttante ‘‘kiṃ panāvuso, paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhatthaṃ bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.257) evaṃ paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhīti vuttā.
Itinekehi nāmehi, kittitā yā mahesinā;
Vuṭṭhānagāminī santā, parisuddhā vipassanā.
Vuṭṭhātukāmo saṃsāra-dukkhapaṅkā mahabbhayā;
Kareyya satataṃ tattha, yogaṃ paṇḍitajātikoti.
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如是,在为令善人愉悦而造的《清净道论》中,

Iti sādhujanapāmojjatthāya kate visuddhimagge
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于慧的修习之部,

Paññābhāvanādhikāre
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名为〈行道智见清净的解说〉的

Paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhiniddeso nāma
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第二十一章[终]。

Ekavīsatimo paricchedo.