2.沙门果经(Sāmaññaphalasutta)2. Sāmaññaphalasuttaṃ
王臣之论Rājāmaccakathā
150PTS 1.47缅 1.44已对照
如是我闻:一时,世尊(Bhagavā)住在王舍城(Rājagaha)耆婆(Jīvaka)·童子医(Komārabhacca)的芒果林中,与一千二百五十位比丘(bhikkhu)的大比丘僧团在一起。那时,正值布萨(uposatha)日,四个月[雨季]之果母地月(Komudī)的十五日,圆满的满月之夜,摩揭陀(Māgadha)国王韦提希子(Vedehiputta)阿阇世(Ajātasattu)在王臣们的围绕下,坐在殊胜的高楼上层。当时,摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世在布萨日发出感叹:“诸位,明净的月夜确实怡人!诸位,明净的月夜确实美丽!诸位,明净的月夜确实悦目!诸位,明净的月夜确实清净可喜!诸位,明净的月夜确实吉祥!今天我们应当亲近哪一位沙门(samaṇa)或婆罗门(brāhmaṇa),使我们亲近了他之后内心能够净信呢?”
. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati jīvakassa komārabhaccassa ambavane mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhateḷasehi bhikkhusatehi. Tena kho pana samayena rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tadahuposathe pannarase komudiyā cātumāsiniyā puṇṇāya puṇṇamāya rattiyā rājāmaccaparivuto uparipāsādavaragato nisinno hoti. Atha kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tadahuposathe udānaṃ udānesi – ‘‘ramaṇīyā vata bho dosinā ratti, abhirūpā vata bho dosinā ratti, dassanīyā vata bho dosinā ratti, pāsādikā vata bho dosinā ratti, lakkhaññā vata bho dosinā ratti. Kaṃ nu khvajja samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā payirupāseyyāma, yaṃ no payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’’ti?
151已对照
如是说时,某位王臣对摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世说:“陛下(deva),这位富兰那·迦叶(PūraṇaKassapa)拥有僧团,拥有会众,是会众之师,知名而有声誉,是一派的宗师(titthakara),受众人敬重,阅历长久,出家已久,年事已高,已至暮年。愿陛下亲近那位富兰那·迦叶。也许陛下亲近富兰那·迦叶时,内心能够净信。”如是说时,摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世保持沉默。
. Evaṃ vutte, aññataro rājāmacco rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ ajātasattuṃ vedehiputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, deva, pūraṇo kassapo saṅghī ceva gaṇī ca gaṇācariyo ca ñāto yasassī titthakaro sādhusammato bahujanassa rattaññū cirapabbajito addhagato vayoanuppatto. Taṃ devo pūraṇaṃ kassapaṃ payirupāsatu. Appeva nāma devassa pūraṇaṃ kassapaṃ payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tuṇhī ahosi.
152PTS 1.48已对照
又有一位王臣对摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世说:“陛下,这位末伽梨·拘舍梨(MakkhaliGosāla)拥有僧团,拥有会众,是会众之师,知名而有声誉,是一派的宗师,受众人敬重,阅历长久,出家已久,年事已高,已至暮年。愿陛下亲近那位末伽梨·拘舍梨。也许陛下亲近末伽梨·拘舍梨时,内心能够净信。”如是说时,摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世保持沉默。
. Aññataropi kho rājāmacco rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ ajātasattuṃ vedehiputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, deva, makkhali gosālo saṅghī ceva gaṇī ca gaṇācariyo ca ñāto yasassī titthakaro sādhusammato bahujanassa rattaññū cirapabbajito addhagato vayoanuppatto. Taṃ devo makkhaliṃ gosālaṃ payirupāsatu. Appeva nāma devassa makkhaliṃ gosālaṃ payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tuṇhī ahosi.
153缅 1.45已对照
又有一位王臣对摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世说:“陛下,这位阿耆多·翅舍钦婆罗(AjitaKesakambala)拥有僧团,拥有会众,是会众之师,知名而有声誉,是一派的宗师,受众人敬重,阅历长久,出家已久,年事已高,已至暮年。愿陛下亲近那位阿耆多·翅舍钦婆罗。也许陛下亲近阿耆多·翅舍钦婆罗时,内心能够净信。”如是说时,摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世保持沉默。
. Aññataropi kho rājāmacco rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ ajātasattuṃ vedehiputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, deva, ajito kesakambalo saṅghī ceva gaṇī ca gaṇācariyo ca ñāto yasassī titthakaro sādhusammato bahujanassa rattaññū cirapabbajito addhagato vayoanuppatto. Taṃ devo ajitaṃ kesakambalaṃ payirupāsatu. Appeva nāma devassa ajitaṃ kesakambalaṃ payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tuṇhī ahosi.
154已对照
又有一位王臣对摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世说:“陛下,这位婆浮陀·迦旃延(PakudhaKaccāyana)拥有僧团,拥有会众,是会众之师,知名而有声誉,是一派的宗师,受众人敬重,阅历长久,出家已久,年事已高,已至暮年。愿陛下亲近那位婆浮陀·迦旃延。也许陛下亲近婆浮陀·迦旃延时,内心能够净信。”如是说时,摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世保持沉默。
. Aññataropi kho rājāmacco rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ ajātasattuṃ vedehiputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, deva, pakudho [pakuddho (sī.)] kaccāyano saṅghī ceva gaṇī ca gaṇācariyo ca ñāto yasassī titthakaro sādhusammato bahujanassa rattaññū cirapabbajito addhagato vayoanuppatto. Taṃ devo pakudhaṃ kaccāyanaṃ payirupāsatu. Appeva nāma devassa pakudhaṃ kaccāyanaṃ payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tuṇhī ahosi.
155已对照
又有一位王臣对摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世说:“陛下,这位删阇耶·毘罗胝子(SañcayaBelaṭṭhaputta)拥有僧团,拥有会众,是会众之师,知名而有声誉,是一派的宗师,受众人敬重,阅历长久,出家已久,年事已高,已至暮年。愿陛下亲近那位删阇耶·毘罗胝子。也许陛下亲近删阇耶·毘罗胝子时,内心能够净信。”如是说时,摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世保持沉默。
. Aññataropi kho rājāmacco rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ ajātasattuṃ vedehiputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, deva, sañcayo [sañjayo (sī. syā.)] belaṭṭhaputto [bellaṭṭhiputto (sī.), velaṭṭhaputto (syā.)] saṅghī ceva gaṇī ca gaṇācariyo ca ñāto yasassī titthakaro sādhusammato bahujanassa rattaññū cirapabbajito addhagato vayoanuppatto. Taṃ devo sañcayaṃ belaṭṭhaputtaṃ payirupāsatu. Appeva nāma devassa sañcayaṃ belaṭṭhaputtaṃ payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tuṇhī ahosi.
156PTS 1.49缅 1.46已对照
又有一位王臣对摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世说:“陛下,这位尼乾陀·若提子(NigaṇṭhaNāṭaputta)拥有僧团,拥有会众,是会众之师,知名而有声誉,是一派的宗师,受众人敬重,阅历长久,出家已久,年事已高,已至暮年。愿陛下亲近那位尼乾陀·若提子。也许陛下亲近尼乾陀·若提子时,内心能够净信。”如是说时,摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世保持沉默。
. Aññataropi kho rājāmacco rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ ajātasattuṃ vedehiputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, deva, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto [nāthaputto (sī.), nātaputto (pī.)] saṅghī ceva gaṇī ca gaṇācariyo ca ñāto yasassī titthakaro sādhusammato bahujanassa rattaññū cirapabbajito addhagato vayoanuppatto. Taṃ devo nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ payirupāsatu. Appeva nāma devassa nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tuṇhī ahosi.
童子医·耆婆之论Komārabhaccajīvakakathā
157已对照
那时,耆婆·童子医坐在离摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世不远之处,保持沉默。于是,摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世对耆婆·童子医说:“朋友耆婆,你为什么沉默呢?”“陛下,这位世尊、阿罗汉(arahant)、正等正觉者(sammāsambuddha)住在我们的芒果林中,与一千二百五十位比丘的大比丘僧团在一起。关于那位世尊,有这样的善名声传扬:‘那位世尊亦即是阿罗汉、正等正觉者、明行具足(vijjācaraṇasampanna)、善逝(sugata)、世间解(lokavidū)、无上者、调御丈夫(anuttarapurisadammasārathi)、天人导师(satthādevamanussānaṃ)、佛陀(buddha)、世尊。’愿陛下亲近那位世尊。也许陛下亲近世尊时,内心能够净信。”
. Tena kho pana samayena jīvako komārabhacco rañño māgadhassa ajātasattussa vedehiputtassa avidūre tuṇhībhūto nisinno hoti. Atha kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto jīvakaṃ komārabhaccaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tvaṃ pana, samma jīvaka, kiṃ tuṇhī’’ti? ‘‘Ayaṃ, deva, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho amhākaṃ ambavane viharati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhateḷasehi bhikkhusatehi. Taṃ kho pana bhagavantaṃ [bhagavantaṃ gotamaṃ (sī. ka. pī.)] evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Taṃ devo bhagavantaṃ payirupāsatu. Appeva nāma devassa bhagavantaṃ payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’ti.
158已对照
依 pañcamattāni(matta 表约数)补“约”:“令人备好约五百头雌象”
“既然如此,朋友耆婆,请准备好象乘。”“是的,陛下。”耆婆·童子医应诺摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世后,令人备好约五百头雌象以及国王的御象,然后禀告摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世:“陛下,象乘已为你备好,现在请你考虑适当的时间。”
. ‘‘Tena hi, samma jīvaka, hatthiyānāni kappāpehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, devā’’ti kho jīvako komārabhacco rañño māgadhassa ajātasattussa vedehiputtassa paṭissuṇitvā pañcamattāni hatthinikāsatāni kappāpetvā rañño ca ārohaṇīyaṃ nāgaṃ, rañño māgadhassa ajātasattussa vedehiputtassa paṭivedesi – ‘‘kappitāni kho te, deva, hatthiyānāni, yassadāni kālaṃ maññasī’’ti.
159已对照
于是,摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世让女子们分别骑上五百头雌象,自己登上御象,在众人擎持火炬之下,以盛大的王家威仪从王舍城出发,前往耆婆·童子医的芒果林。
. Atha kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto pañcasu hatthinikāsatesu paccekā itthiyo āropetvā ārohaṇīyaṃ nāgaṃ abhiruhitvā ukkāsu dhāriyamānāsu rājagahamhā niyyāsi mahaccarājānubhāvena, yena jīvakassa komārabhaccassa ambavanaṃ tena pāyāsi.
PTS 1.50缅 1.47已对照
当摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世来到芒果林附近时,生起了恐惧,生起了惊愕,生起了身毛竖立。于是,摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世恐惧、惊惶、身毛竖立,对耆婆·童子医说:“朋友耆婆,你该不是在欺骗我吧?朋友耆婆,你该不是在诓骗我吧?朋友耆婆,你该不是要把我交给敌人吧?为什么这么大的比丘僧团、一千二百五十位比丘,竟然既没有喷嚏声,也没有咳嗽声,也没有任何声响呢?”
Atha kho rañño māgadhassa ajātasattussa vedehiputtassa avidūre ambavanassa ahudeva bhayaṃ, ahu chambhitattaṃ, ahu lomahaṃso. Atha kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhīto saṃviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto jīvakaṃ komārabhaccaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kacci maṃ, samma jīvaka, na vañcesi? Kacci maṃ, samma jīvaka, na palambhesi? Kacci maṃ, samma jīvaka, na paccatthikānaṃ desi? Kathañhi nāma tāva mahato bhikkhusaṅghassa aḍḍhateḷasānaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ neva khipitasaddo bhavissati, na ukkāsitasaddo na nigghoso’’ti.
已对照
“大王,请不要害怕!大王,请不要害怕!陛下,我不欺骗你;陛下,我不诓骗你;陛下,我不会把你交给敌人。大王,请向前!大王,请向前!那圆堂中灯火正燃着。”
‘‘Mā bhāyi, mahārāja, mā bhāyi, mahārāja. Na taṃ deva, vañcemi; na taṃ, deva, palambhāmi; na taṃ, deva, paccatthikānaṃ demi. Abhikkama, mahārāja, abhikkama, mahārāja, ete maṇḍalamāḷe dīpā [padīpā (sī. syā.)] jhāyantī’’ti.
沙门果之问Sāmaññaphalapucchā
160已对照
于是,摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世乘象走到象所能通行之处后,便下象步行,来到圆堂的门口;到了之后,对耆婆·童子医说:“朋友耆婆,世尊在哪里?”“大王,那位就是世尊。大王,那位就是世尊,靠着中间的柱子,面向东方,坐在比丘僧团之前。”
. Atha kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto yāvatikā nāgassa bhūmi nāgena gantvā, nāgā paccorohitvā, pattikova [padikova (syā.)] yena maṇḍalamāḷassa dvāraṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā jīvakaṃ komārabhaccaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kahaṃ pana, samma jīvaka, bhagavā’’ti? ‘‘Eso, mahārāja, bhagavā; eso, mahārāja, bhagavā majjhimaṃ thambhaṃ nissāya puratthābhimukho nisinno purakkhato bhikkhusaṅghassā’’ti.
161已对照
“大王,你随着自己的感情而来吗?”(疑问句)改为过去式陈述句“大王,你已随所爱而行了。”(agamā 为过去式,句中无疑问词);注释同步更新
于是,摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世来到世尊之处;到了之后,站在一旁。站在一旁的摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世环视默然又默然、犹如清澈湖水一般的比丘僧团,发出感叹:“愿我的优陀夷跋陀(Udayabhadda)王子也具有这份寂静,如同现在比丘僧团所具有的寂静!”“大王,你已随所爱而行了。”“尊者(bhante),优陀夷跋陀王子是我所疼爱的。尊者,愿我的优陀夷跋陀王子也具有这份寂静,如同现在比丘僧团所具有的寂静!”
. Atha kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anuviloketvā rahadamiva vippasannaṃ udānaṃ udānesi – ‘‘iminā me upasamena udayabhaddo [udāyibhaddo (sī. pī.)] kumāro samannāgato hotu, yenetarahi upasamena bhikkhusaṅgho samannāgato’’ti. ‘‘Agamā kho tvaṃ, mahārāja, yathāpema’’nti. ‘‘Piyo me, bhante, udayabhaddo kumāro. Iminā me, bhante, upasamena udayabhaddo kumāro samannāgato hotu yenetarahi upasamena bhikkhusaṅgho samannāgato’’ti.
162PTS 1.51缅 1.48已对照
于是,摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世礼敬世尊,向比丘僧团合掌致敬后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世对世尊说:“尊者,如果世尊允许为我解答所问,我想请问世尊一个问题。”“大王,你想问什么就问吧。”
. Atha kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā, bhikkhusaṅghassa añjaliṃ paṇāmetvā, ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘puccheyyāmahaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ kiñcideva desaṃ [kiñcideva desaṃ lesamattaṃ (syā. kaṃ. ka.)]; sace me bhagavā okāsaṃ karoti pañhassa veyyākaraṇāyā’’ti. ‘‘Puccha, mahārāja, yadākaṅkhasī’’ti.
163已对照
职业清单与供施程式句依第165–179段措辞逐字统一(驭象者→骑象者、战车兵→车兵、军旗手→旗手、高级王族武士→勇猛的王子、大象般的勇士→大象般的战士、皮甲兵→皮甲战士、奴仆之子→婢女之子、沐浴师→助浴师、调味厨师→点心师、花环匠→花鬘师、洗染工→洗衣师、手算师→指算师、现世→现法、朋友同僚→朋友同事、属天供施→导向上界的供养等);巴利括注(sippāyatana、diṭṭhadhamma、dakkhiṇā、sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ)保留在本段首次出现处;注释同步更新
2026-09-06 · 我方误译āḷārikā 作「厨师」、sūdā 作「点心师」 → 二者对调:āḷārikā=点心师、sūdā=厨师
依据:义注 Āḷārikāti pūvikā(做饼者)/Sūdāti bhattakārakā(做饭者);明法《巴汉词典》sūda=厨子、pūvika=做饼者
“尊者,正如这些众多的技能行业(sippāyatana),即:骑象者、骑马者、车兵、弓箭手、旗手、军务官、伙食兵、勇猛的王子、突击兵、大象般的战士、勇士、皮甲战士、婢女之子、点心师、理发师、助浴师、厨师、花鬘师、洗衣师、织工、编苇匠、陶工、算术师、指算师,以及其他诸如此类的众多技能行业——他们就在现法(diṭṭhadhamma,今生)中依靠现见的技能之果生活;他们以此使自己快乐、满足,使父母快乐、满足,使妻儿快乐、满足,使朋友同事快乐、满足,在沙门、婆罗门处确立导向上界的供养(dakkhiṇā)——它是属天的、有乐报的、导致生天的。尊者,是否也能同样地施设就在现法中现见的沙门果(sandiṭṭhikaṃsāmaññaphalaṃ)呢?”
. ‘‘Yathā nu kho imāni, bhante, puthusippāyatanāni, seyyathidaṃ – hatthārohā assārohā rathikā dhanuggahā celakā calakā piṇḍadāyakā uggā rājaputtā pakkhandino mahānāgā sūrā cammayodhino dāsikaputtā āḷārikā kappakā nhāpakā [nahāpikā (sī.), nhāpikā (syā.)] sūdā mālākārā rajakā pesakārā naḷakārā kumbhakārā gaṇakā muddikā, yāni vā panaññānipi evaṃgatāni puthusippāyatanāni, te diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sippaphalaṃ upajīvanti; te tena attānaṃ sukhenti pīṇenti [pīnenti (katthaci)], mātāpitaro sukhenti pīṇenti, puttadāraṃ sukhenti pīṇenti, mittāmacce sukhenti pīṇenti, samaṇabrāhmaṇesu [samaṇesu brāhmaṇesu (ka.)] uddhaggikaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ patiṭṭhapenti sovaggikaṃ sukhavipākaṃ saggasaṃvattanikaṃ. Sakkā nu kho, bhante, evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’’nti?
164PTS 1.52已对照
“大王,你记得曾把这个问题问过其他沙门、婆罗门吗?”“尊者,我记得曾把这个问题问过其他沙门、婆罗门。”“大王,如果对你不为难,他们是怎样回答的,请说说吧。”“尊者,凡有世尊或像世尊那样的人所坐之处,我都不为难。”“既然如此,大王,请说吧。”
. ‘‘Abhijānāsi no tvaṃ, mahārāja, imaṃ pañhaṃ aññe samaṇabrāhmaṇe pucchitā’’ti? ‘‘Abhijānāmahaṃ, bhante, imaṃ pañhaṃ aññe samaṇabrāhmaṇe pucchitā’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana te, mahārāja, byākariṃsu, sace te agaru bhāsassū’’ti. ‘‘Na kho me, bhante, garu, yatthassa bhagavā nisinno, bhagavantarūpo vā’’ti [cāti (sī. ka.)]. ‘‘Tena hi, mahārāja, bhāsassū’’ti.
富兰那·迦叶(PūraṇaKassapa)之说Pūraṇakassapavādo
165缅 1.49已对照
程式句措辞与第163段逐字统一;句内巴利括注(sippāyatana、diṭṭhadhamma、samaṇa、brāhmaṇa、dakkhiṇā、sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ)移除,仅保留于第163段首次出现处;注释同步更新
尊者(bhante),有一次,我前往富兰那·迦叶那里;到了之后,与富兰那·迦叶互相问候;交换了友好、可念的问候话语之后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁时,尊者,我对富兰那·迦叶这样说:“迦叶贤者,正如这些众多的技能行业,即:骑象者、骑马者、车兵、弓箭手、旗手、军务官、伙食兵、勇猛的王子、突击兵、大象般的战士、勇士、皮甲战士、婢女之子、点心师、理发师、助浴师、厨师、花鬘师、洗衣师、织工、编苇匠、陶工、算术师、指算师,以及其他诸如此类的众多技能行业——他们就在现法中依靠现见的技能之果生活;他们以此使自己快乐、满足,使父母快乐、满足,使妻儿快乐、满足,使朋友同事快乐、满足,在沙门、婆罗门处确立导向上界的供养——它是属天的、有乐报的、导致生天的。迦叶贤者,是否也能同样地施设就在现法中现见的沙门果呢?”
. ‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ, bhante, samayaṃ yena pūraṇo kassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā pūraṇena kassapena saddhiṃ sammodiṃ. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho ahaṃ, bhante, pūraṇaṃ kassapaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘yathā nu kho imāni, bho kassapa, puthusippāyatanāni, seyyathidaṃ – hatthārohā assārohā rathikā dhanuggahā celakā calakā piṇḍadāyakā uggā rājaputtā pakkhandino mahānāgā sūrā cammayodhino dāsikaputtā āḷārikā kappakā nhāpakā sūdā mālākārā rajakā pesakārā naḷakārā kumbhakārā gaṇakā muddikā, yāni vā panaññānipi evaṃgatāni puthusippāyatanāni- te diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sippaphalaṃ upajīvanti; te tena attānaṃ sukhenti pīṇenti, mātāpitaro sukhenti pīṇenti, puttadāraṃ sukhenti pīṇenti, mittāmacce sukhenti pīṇenti, samaṇabrāhmaṇesu uddhaggikaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ patiṭṭhapenti sovaggikaṃ sukhavipākaṃ saggasaṃvattanikaṃ. Sakkā nu kho, bho kassapa, evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’nti?
166PTS 1.53已对照
“杀害生命者”改“令杀害生命者”(pāṇamatipātāpayato 为使役形);注释补充说明
尊者,这样说时,富兰那·迦叶对我这样说:“大王(mahārāja),作者与令作者,切割者与令切割者,折磨者与令折磨者,使忧愁者与令使忧愁者,使疲惫者与令使疲惫者,使战栗者与令使战栗者,令杀害生命者,取不与取者,破门入室者,掠夺者,行劫独户者,拦路伏击者,与他人之妻苟合者,说虚妄语者——[这样]作时,恶并没有被造作。即使有人以边缘锋利如剃刀的轮,把这大地上的众生做成一团肉、一堆肉,也不会由此而有恶,不会有恶的临至。即使有人沿着恒河(Gaṅgā)南岸前行,杀害、令杀害,切割、令切割,折磨、令折磨,也不会由此而有恶,不会有恶的临至。即使有人沿着恒河北岸前行,布施、令布施,祭祀、令祭祀,也不会由此而有福,不会有福的临至。以布施、调御、自制、说真实语,没有福,也不会有福的临至。”尊者,富兰那·迦叶被我问到现见的沙门果时,就这样回答了无作(akiriya)。
. ‘‘Evaṃ vutte, bhante, pūraṇo kassapo maṃ etadavoca – ‘karoto kho, mahārāja, kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato socayato, socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātāpayato, adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato, karoto na karīyati pāpaṃ. Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. Dakkhiṇaṃ cepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento chindanto chedāpento pacanto pācāpento, natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. Uttarañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya dadanto dāpento yajanto yajāpento, natthi tatonidānaṃ puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo. Dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena natthi puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo’ti. Itthaṃ kho me, bhante, pūraṇo kassapo sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno akiriyaṃ byākāsi.
缅 1.50已对照
尊者,犹如被问到芒果(amba)却回答面包果(labuja),被问到面包果却回答芒果;同样地,尊者,富兰那·迦叶被我问到现见的沙门果时,却回答了无作。尊者,我这样想:“像我这样的人,怎么能想去贬斥住在国土中的沙门或婆罗门呢?”于是,尊者,我对富兰那·迦叶所说的话既不欢喜,也不呵斥;既不欢喜也不呵斥,虽心怀不悦,却不发出不悦之语,不领受、不驳斥其言,便从座位起身离开了。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhante, ambaṃ vā puṭṭho labujaṃ byākareyya, labujaṃ vā puṭṭho ambaṃ byākareyya; evameva kho me, bhante, pūraṇo kassapo sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno akiriyaṃ byākāsi. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘kathañhi nāma mādiso samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā vijite vasantaṃ apasādetabbaṃ maññeyyā’ti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante, pūraṇassa kassapassa bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃ nappaṭikkosiṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikositvā anattamano, anattamanavācaṃ anicchāretvā, tameva vācaṃ anuggaṇhanto anikkujjanto [anikkujjento (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃ [pakkāmiṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)].
末伽梨·拘舍梨(MakkhaliGosāla)之说Makkhaligosālavādo
167已对照
尊者,有一次,我前往末伽梨·拘舍梨那里;到了之后,与末伽梨·拘舍梨互相问候;交换了友好、可念的问候话语之后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁时,尊者,我对末伽梨·拘舍梨这样说:“拘舍梨贤者,正如这些众多的技能行业,即:骑象者、骑马者、车兵、弓箭手、旗手、军务官、伙食兵、勇猛的王子、突击兵、大象般的战士、勇士、皮甲战士、婢女之子、点心师、理发师、助浴师、厨师、花鬘师、洗衣师、织工、编苇匠、陶工、算术师、指算师,以及其他诸如此类的众多技能行业——他们就在现法中依靠现见的技能之果生活;他们以此使自己快乐、满足,使父母快乐、满足,使妻儿快乐、满足,使朋友同事快乐、满足,在沙门、婆罗门处确立导向上界的供养——它是属天的、有乐报的、导致生天的。拘舍梨贤者,是否也能同样地施设就在现法中现见的沙门果呢?”
. ‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ, bhante, samayaṃ yena makkhali gosālo tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā makkhalinā gosālena saddhiṃ sammodiṃ. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho ahaṃ, bhante, makkhaliṃ gosālaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘yathā nu kho imāni, bho gosāla, puthusippāyatanāni…pe… sakkā nu kho, bho gosāla, evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’nti?
168PTS 1.54缅 1.51已对照
尊者,这样说时,末伽梨·拘舍梨对我这样说:“大王,诸众生的杂染没有因(hetu)、没有缘(paccaya),诸众生无因无缘而杂染;诸众生的清净没有因、没有缘,诸众生无因无缘而清净。没有自作,没有他作,没有人的作为;没有力,没有精进,没有人的力量,没有人的努力。一切众生、一切生命、一切生物、一切命者(jīva)都无自主、无力、无精进,由命运(niyati)、际遇(saṅgati)与本性(bhāva)而转变,在六生类(chaḷābhijāti)中感受苦乐。有一百四十万零六千六百种为首之胎;五百种业、五种业、三种业,又有一业与半业;六十二种行道;六十二中劫(antarakappa);六生类;八人地;四千九百种活命外道(ājīvaka);四千九百种游方者(paribbājaka);四千九百种龙的住处;二千根;三千地狱;三十六尘界;七种有想胎,七种无想胎,七种节胎;七种天,七种人,七种鬼(pisāca);七个湖;七种结节、七百种结节;七种悬崖、七百种悬崖;七种梦、七百种梦;八百四十万大劫(mahākappa)——在这期间,愚者与智者奔走轮回之后,才将作苦的终结。在其中并没有:‘我将以此戒、禁誓、苦行或梵行,使未成熟的业成熟,或者一次次地触受已成熟的业而使之灭尽。’——这样的事是没有的。苦与乐如以斗量定,轮回已有定限;没有减损与增长,没有提升与下降。犹如线球被掷出时,只是解开着[线]滚去;同样地,愚者与智者奔走轮回之后,将作苦的终结。”
. ‘‘Evaṃ vutte, bhante, makkhali gosālo maṃ etadavoca – ‘natthi mahārāja hetu natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya, ahetū [ahetu (katthaci)] apaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti. Natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā, ahetū apaccayā sattā visujjhanti. Natthi attakāre, natthi parakāre, natthi purisakāre, natthi balaṃ, natthi vīriyaṃ, natthi purisathāmo, natthi purisaparakkamo. Sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṅgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ [sukhañca dukkhañca (syā.)] paṭisaṃvedenti. Cuddasa kho panimāni yonipamukhasatasahassāni saṭṭhi ca satāni cha ca satāni pañca ca kammuno satāni pañca ca kammāni tīṇi ca kammāni kamme ca aḍḍhakamme ca dvaṭṭhipaṭipadā dvaṭṭhantarakappā chaḷābhijātiyo aṭṭha purisabhūmiyo ekūnapaññāsa ājīvakasate ekūnapaññāsa paribbājakasate ekūnapaññāsa nāgāvāsasate vīse indriyasate tiṃse nirayasate chattiṃsa rajodhātuyo satta saññīgabbhā satta asaññīgabbhā satta nigaṇṭhigabbhā satta devā satta mānusā satta pisācā satta sarā satta pavuṭā [sapuṭā (ka.), pabuṭā (sī.)] satta pavuṭasatāni satta papātā satta papātasatāni satta supinā satta supinasatāni cullāsīti mahākappino [mahākappuno (ka. sī. pī.)] satasahassāni, yāni bāle ca paṇḍite ca sandhāvitvā saṃsaritvā dukkhassantaṃ karissanti. Tattha natthi ‘‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā aparipakkaṃ vā kammaṃ paripācessāmi, paripakkaṃ vā kammaṃ phussa phussa byantiṃ karissāmī’ti hevaṃ natthi. Doṇamite sukhadukkhe pariyantakate saṃsāre, natthi hāyanavaḍḍhane, natthi ukkaṃsāvakaṃse. Seyyathāpi nāma suttaguḷe khitte nibbeṭhiyamānameva paleti, evameva bāle ca paṇḍite ca sandhāvitvā saṃsaritvā dukkhassantaṃ karissantī’ti.
169PTS 1.55已对照
尊者,末伽梨·拘舍梨被我问到现见的沙门果时,就这样回答了以轮回而清净(saṃsārasuddhi)。尊者,犹如被问到芒果却回答面包果,被问到面包果却回答芒果;同样地,尊者,末伽梨·拘舍梨被我问到现见的沙门果时,却回答了以轮回而清净。尊者,我这样想:“像我这样的人,怎么能想去贬斥住在国土中的沙门或婆罗门呢?”于是,尊者,我对末伽梨·拘舍梨所说的话既不欢喜,也不呵斥;既不欢喜也不呵斥,虽心怀不悦,却不发出不悦之语,不领受、不驳斥其言,便从座位起身离开了。
. ‘‘Itthaṃ kho me, bhante, makkhali gosālo sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno saṃsārasuddhiṃ byākāsi. Seyyathāpi, bhante, ambaṃ vā puṭṭho labujaṃ byākareyya, labujaṃ vā puṭṭho ambaṃ byākareyya; evameva kho me, bhante, makkhali gosālo sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno saṃsārasuddhiṃ byākāsi. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘kathañhi nāma mādiso samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā vijite vasantaṃ apasādetabbaṃ maññeyyā’ti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante, makkhalissa gosālassa bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃ nappaṭikkosiṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā anattamano, anattamanavācaṃ anicchāretvā, tameva vācaṃ anuggaṇhanto anikkujjanto uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃ.
阿耆多·翅舍钦婆罗(AjitaKesakambala)之说Ajitakesakambalavādo
170已对照
尊者,有一次,我前往阿耆多·翅舍钦婆罗那里;到了之后,与阿耆多·翅舍钦婆罗互相问候;交换了友好、可念的问候话语之后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁时,尊者,我对阿耆多·翅舍钦婆罗这样说:“阿耆多贤者,正如这些众多的技能行业,即:骑象者、骑马者、车兵、弓箭手、旗手、军务官、伙食兵、勇猛的王子、突击兵、大象般的战士、勇士、皮甲战士、婢女之子、点心师、理发师、助浴师、厨师、花鬘师、洗衣师、织工、编苇匠、陶工、算术师、指算师,以及其他诸如此类的众多技能行业——他们就在现法中依靠现见的技能之果生活;他们以此使自己快乐、满足,使父母快乐、满足,使妻儿快乐、满足,使朋友同事快乐、满足,在沙门、婆罗门处确立导向上界的供养——它是属天的、有乐报的、导致生天的。阿耆多贤者,是否也能同样地施设就在现法中现见的沙门果呢?”
. ‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ, bhante, samayaṃ yena ajito kesakambalo tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā ajitena kesakambalena saddhiṃ sammodiṃ. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho ahaṃ, bhante, ajitaṃ kesakambalaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘yathā nu kho imāni, bho ajita, puthusippāyatanāni…pe… sakkā nu kho, bho ajita, evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’nti?
171缅 1.52已对照
注释补 padāni 另一读法(义注解作[哀悼]之“句”,非仅“足迹”)
尊者,这样说时,阿耆多·翅舍钦婆罗对我这样说:“大王,没有布施,没有供养(yiṭṭha),没有祭祀(huta);没有善作、恶作之业的果与异熟(vipāka);没有此世,没有他世;没有母,没有父;没有化生的众生(opapātika);世间没有正行的、正行道的沙门、婆罗门,自己以通智证知此世与他世之后加以宣说。这个人是四大(cātumahābhūta)所成,死时,地归入、还入地身,水归入、还入水身,火归入、还入火身,风归入、还入风身,诸根转入虚空。人们以尸床为第五,抬着死者而去;足迹显现直到火葬场;骨头变成鸽色;祭品终归灰烬。布施是愚人的施设;凡说‘有’论(atthikavāda)者,他们的话都是空虚、虚妄的戏论。愚者与智者身坏之后,断灭、消亡,死后不存在。”
. ‘‘Evaṃ vutte, bhante, ajito kesakambalo maṃ etadavoca – ‘natthi, mahārāja, dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ, natthi hutaṃ, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, natthi ayaṃ loko [paraloko (syā.)], natthi paro loko, natthi mātā, natthi pitā, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā [samaggatā (ka.), samaggatā (syā.)] sammāpaṭipannā, ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedenti. Cātumahābhūtiko ayaṃ puriso, yadā kālaṅkaroti, pathavī pathavikāyaṃ anupeti anupagacchati, āpo āpokāyaṃ anupeti anupagacchati, tejo tejokāyaṃ anupeti anupagacchati, vāyo vāyokāyaṃ anupeti anupagacchati, ākāsaṃ indriyāni saṅkamanti. Āsandipañcamā purisā mataṃ ādāya gacchanti. Yāvāḷāhanā padāni paññāyanti. Kāpotakāni aṭṭhīni bhavanti, bhassantā āhutiyo. Dattupaññattaṃ yadidaṃ dānaṃ. Tesaṃ tucchaṃ musā vilāpo ye keci atthikavādaṃ vadanti. Bāle ca paṇḍite ca kāyassa bhedā ucchijjanti vinassanti, na honti paraṃ maraṇā’ti.
172PTS 1.56已对照
尊者,阿耆多·翅舍钦婆罗被我问到现见的沙门果时,就这样回答了断灭(uccheda)。尊者,犹如被问到芒果却回答面包果,被问到面包果却回答芒果;同样地,尊者,阿耆多·翅舍钦婆罗被我问到现见的沙门果时,却回答了断灭。尊者,我这样想:“像我这样的人,怎么能想去贬斥住在国土中的沙门或婆罗门呢?”于是,尊者,我对阿耆多·翅舍钦婆罗所说的话既不欢喜,也不呵斥;既不欢喜也不呵斥,虽心怀不悦,却不发出不悦之语,不领受、不驳斥其言,便从座位起身离开了。
. ‘‘Itthaṃ kho me, bhante, ajito kesakambalo sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno ucchedaṃ byākāsi. Seyyathāpi, bhante, ambaṃ vā puṭṭho labujaṃ byākareyya, labujaṃ vā puṭṭho ambaṃ byākareyya; evameva kho me, bhante, ajito kesakambalo sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno ucchedaṃ byākāsi. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘kathañhi nāma mādiso samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā vijite vasantaṃ apasādetabbaṃ maññeyyā’ti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante, ajitassa kesakambalassa bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃ nappaṭikkosiṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā anattamano anattamanavācaṃ anicchāretvā tameva vācaṃ anuggaṇhanto anikkujjanto uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃ.
婆浮陀·迦旃延(PakudhaKaccāyana)之说Pakudhakaccāyanavādo
173已对照
尊者,有一次,我前往婆浮陀·迦旃延那里;到了之后,与婆浮陀·迦旃延互相问候;交换了友好、可念的问候话语之后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁时,尊者,我对婆浮陀·迦旃延这样说:“迦旃延贤者,正如这些众多的技能行业,即:骑象者、骑马者、车兵、弓箭手、旗手、军务官、伙食兵、勇猛的王子、突击兵、大象般的战士、勇士、皮甲战士、婢女之子、点心师、理发师、助浴师、厨师、花鬘师、洗衣师、织工、编苇匠、陶工、算术师、指算师,以及其他诸如此类的众多技能行业——他们就在现法中依靠现见的技能之果生活;他们以此使自己快乐、满足,使父母快乐、满足,使妻儿快乐、满足,使朋友同事快乐、满足,在沙门、婆罗门处确立导向上界的供养——它是属天的、有乐报的、导致生天的。迦旃延贤者,是否也能同样地施设就在现法中现见的沙门果呢?”
. ‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ, bhante, samayaṃ yena pakudho kaccāyano tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā pakudhena kaccāyanena saddhiṃ sammodiṃ. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho ahaṃ, bhante, pakudhaṃ kaccāyanaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘yathā nu kho imāni, bho kaccāyana, puthusippāyatanāni…pe… sakkā nu kho, bho kaccāyana, evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’nti?
174缅 1.53已对照
尊者,这样说时,婆浮陀·迦旃延对我这样说:“大王,有这七身(sattakāyā):非被作、非被作的种类,非被化作、亦无化作者,不生[果]、如山顶般常住、如石柱般稳立。它们不动摇,不变易,不互相侵害,不能给彼此[带来]乐、苦或乐与苦。哪七种呢?地身、水身、火身、风身、乐、苦,命(jīva)为第七——这七身非被作、非被作的种类,非被化作、亦无化作者,不生[果]、如山顶般常住、如石柱般稳立。它们不动摇,不变易,不互相侵害,不能给彼此[带来]乐、苦或乐与苦。在其中没有杀者或令杀者,没有闻者或令闻者,没有识者或令识者。即使有人用锋利的刀砍断头颅,也没有任何人夺去任何人的生命,只是刀从七身之间的空隙穿入而已。”
. ‘‘Evaṃ vutte, bhante, pakudho kaccāyano maṃ etadavoca – ‘sattime, mahārāja, kāyā akaṭā akaṭavidhā animmitā animmātā vañjhā kūṭaṭṭhā esikaṭṭhāyiṭṭhitā. Te na iñjanti, na vipariṇamanti, na aññamaññaṃ byābādhenti, nālaṃ aññamaññassa sukhāya vā dukkhāya vā sukhadukkhāya vā. Katame satta? Pathavikāyo, āpokāyo, tejokāyo, vāyokāyo, sukhe, dukkhe, jīve sattame – ime satta kāyā akaṭā akaṭavidhā animmitā animmātā vañjhā kūṭaṭṭhā esikaṭṭhāyiṭṭhitā. Te na iñjanti, na vipariṇamanti, na aññamaññaṃ byābādhenti, nālaṃ aññamaññassa sukhāya vā dukkhāya vā sukhadukkhāya vā. Tattha natthi hantā vā ghātetā vā, sotā vā sāvetā vā, viññātā vā viññāpetā vā. Yopi tiṇhena satthena sīsaṃ chindati, na koci kiñci [kañci (kaṃ.)] jīvitā voropeti; sattannaṃ tveva [sattannaṃ yeva (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] kāyānamantarena satthaṃ vivaramanupatatī’ti.
175PTS 1.57已对照
尊者,婆浮陀·迦旃延被我问到现见的沙门果时,就这样答非所问(aññenaaññaṃ,直译“以异答异”)。尊者,犹如被问到芒果却回答面包果,被问到面包果却回答芒果;同样地,尊者,婆浮陀·迦旃延被我问到现见的沙门果时,却答非所问。尊者,我这样想:“像我这样的人,怎么能想去贬斥住在国土中的沙门或婆罗门呢?”于是,尊者,我对婆浮陀·迦旃延所说的话既不欢喜,也不呵斥;既不欢喜也不呵斥,虽心怀不悦,却不发出不悦之语,不领受、不驳斥其言,便从座位起身离开了。
. ‘‘Itthaṃ kho me, bhante, pakudho kaccāyano sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno aññena aññaṃ byākāsi. Seyyathāpi, bhante, ambaṃ vā puṭṭho labujaṃ byākareyya, labujaṃ vā puṭṭho ambaṃ byākareyya; evameva kho me, bhante, pakudho kaccāyano sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno aññena aññaṃ byākāsi. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘kathañhi nāma mādiso samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā vijite vasantaṃ apasādetabbaṃ maññeyyā’ti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante, pakudhassa kaccāyanassa bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃ nappaṭikkosiṃ, anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā anattamano, anattamanavācaṃ anicchāretvā tameva vācaṃ anuggaṇhanto anikkujjanto uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃ.
尼乾陀·若提子(NigaṇṭhaNāṭaputta)之说Nigaṇṭhanāṭaputtavādo
176已对照
尊者,有一次,我前往尼乾陀·若提子那里;到了之后,与尼乾陀·若提子互相问候;交换了友好、可念的问候话语之后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁时,尊者,我对尼乾陀·若提子这样说:“火种(Aggivessana)贤者,正如这些众多的技能行业,即:骑象者、骑马者、车兵、弓箭手、旗手、军务官、伙食兵、勇猛的王子、突击兵、大象般的战士、勇士、皮甲战士、婢女之子、点心师、理发师、助浴师、厨师、花鬘师、洗衣师、织工、编苇匠、陶工、算术师、指算师,以及其他诸如此类的众多技能行业——他们就在现法中依靠现见的技能之果生活;他们以此使自己快乐、满足,使父母快乐、满足,使妻儿快乐、满足,使朋友同事快乐、满足,在沙门、婆罗门处确立导向上界的供养——它是属天的、有乐报的、导致生天的。火种贤者,是否也能同样地施设就在现法中现见的沙门果呢?”
. ‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ, bhante, samayaṃ yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhena nāṭaputtena saddhiṃ sammodiṃ. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho ahaṃ, bhante, nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘yathā nu kho imāni, bho aggivessana, puthusippāyatanāni…pe… sakkā nu kho, bho aggivessana, evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’nti?
177缅 1.54已对照
尊者,这样说时,尼乾陀·若提子对我这样说:“大王,在此,尼乾陀以四禁戒律仪(cātuyāmasaṃvara)而防护。大王,尼乾陀如何以四禁戒律仪而防护呢?大王,在此,尼乾陀受一切水的禁制,致力于一切禁制,以一切禁制抖落[恶],为一切禁制所遍及。大王,尼乾陀就是这样以四禁戒律仪而防护。大王,由于尼乾陀这样以四禁戒律仪而防护,大王,这就称为尼乾陀自我已达、自我已调御、自我已住立。”
. ‘‘Evaṃ vutte, bhante, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto maṃ etadavoca – ‘idha, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti. Kathañca, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti? Idha, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho sabbavārivārito ca hoti, sabbavāriyutto ca, sabbavāridhuto ca, sabbavāriphuṭo ca. Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti. Yato kho, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho evaṃ cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti; ayaṃ vuccati, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho [nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto (syā. ka.)] gatatto ca yatatto ca ṭhitatto cā’ti.
178PTS 1.58已对照
尊者,尼乾陀·若提子被我问到现见的沙门果时,就这样回答了四禁戒律仪。尊者,犹如被问到芒果却回答面包果,被问到面包果却回答芒果;同样地,尊者,尼乾陀·若提子被我问到现见的沙门果时,却回答了四禁戒律仪。尊者,我这样想:“像我这样的人,怎么能想去贬斥住在国土中的沙门或婆罗门呢?”于是,尊者,我对尼乾陀·若提子所说的话既不欢喜,也不呵斥;既不欢喜也不呵斥,虽心怀不悦,却不发出不悦之语,不领受、不驳斥其言,便从座位起身离开了。
. ‘‘Itthaṃ kho me, bhante, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno cātuyāmasaṃvaraṃ byākāsi. Seyyathāpi, bhante, ambaṃ vā puṭṭho labujaṃ byākareyya, labujaṃ vā puṭṭho ambaṃ byākareyya; evameva kho me, bhante, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno cātuyāmasaṃvaraṃ byākāsi. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘kathañhi nāma mādiso samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā vijite vasantaṃ apasādetabbaṃ maññeyyā’ti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante, nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃ nappaṭikkosiṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā anattamano anattamanavācaṃ anicchāretvā tameva vācaṃ anuggaṇhanto anikkujjanto uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃ.
删阇耶·毘罗胝子(SañcayaBelaṭṭhaputta)之说Sañcayabelaṭṭhaputtavādo
179已对照
尊者,有一次,我前往删阇耶·毘罗胝子那里;到了之后,与删阇耶·毘罗胝子互相问候;交换了友好、可念的问候话语之后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁时,尊者,我对删阇耶·毘罗胝子这样说:“删阇耶贤者,正如这些众多的技能行业,即:骑象者、骑马者、车兵、弓箭手、旗手、军务官、伙食兵、勇猛的王子、突击兵、大象般的战士、勇士、皮甲战士、婢女之子、点心师、理发师、助浴师、厨师、花鬘师、洗衣师、织工、编苇匠、陶工、算术师、指算师,以及其他诸如此类的众多技能行业——他们就在现法中依靠现见的技能之果生活;他们以此使自己快乐、满足,使父母快乐、满足,使妻儿快乐、满足,使朋友同事快乐、满足,在沙门、婆罗门处确立导向上界的供养——它是属天的、有乐报的、导致生天的。删阇耶贤者,是否也能同样地施设就在现法中现见的沙门果呢?”
. ‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ, bhante, samayaṃ yena sañcayo belaṭṭhaputto tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā sañcayena belaṭṭhaputtena saddhiṃ sammodiṃ. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho ahaṃ bhante, sañcayaṃ belaṭṭhaputtaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘yathā nu kho imāni, bho sañcaya, puthusippāyatanāni…pe… sakkā nu kho, bho sañcaya, evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’nti?
180PTS 1.59缅 1.55已对照
尊者,这样说时,删阇耶·毘罗胝子对我这样说:“若你这样问我:‘有他世吗?’假如我认为‘有他世’,我就会向你回答‘有他世’。但我不认为‘是这样’,也不认为‘是如此’,也不认为‘是别样’,也不认为‘不是’,也不认为‘并非不是’。若你这样问我:‘无他世吗?’假如我认为‘无他世’,我就会向你回答‘无他世’。但我不认为‘是这样’,也不认为‘是如此’,也不认为‘是别样’,也不认为‘不是’,也不认为‘并非不是’。若你这样问我:‘他世既有又无吗?’假如我认为‘他世既有又无’,我就会向你回答‘他世既有又无’。但我不认为‘是这样’,也不认为‘是如此’,也不认为‘是别样’,也不认为‘不是’,也不认为‘并非不是’。若你这样问我:‘他世既非有又非无吗?’假如我认为‘他世既非有又非无’,我就会向你回答‘他世既非有又非无’。但我不认为‘是这样’,也不认为‘是如此’,也不认为‘是别样’,也不认为‘不是’,也不认为‘并非不是’。若你这样问我:‘有化生的众生吗?’假如我认为‘有化生的众生’,我就会向你回答‘有化生的众生’。但我不认为‘是这样’,也不认为‘是如此’,也不认为‘是别样’,也不认为‘不是’,也不认为‘并非不是’。若你这样问我:‘无化生的众生吗?’假如我认为‘无化生的众生’,我就会向你回答‘无化生的众生’。但我不认为‘是这样’,也不认为‘是如此’,也不认为‘是别样’,也不认为‘不是’,也不认为‘并非不是’。若你这样问我:‘化生的众生既有又无吗?’假如我认为‘化生的众生既有又无’,我就会向你回答‘化生的众生既有又无’。但我不认为‘是这样’,也不认为‘是如此’,也不认为‘是别样’,也不认为‘不是’,也不认为‘并非不是’。若你这样问我:‘化生的众生既非有又非无吗?’假如我认为‘化生的众生既非有又非无’,我就会向你回答‘化生的众生既非有又非无’。但我不认为‘是这样’,也不认为‘是如此’,也不认为‘是别样’,也不认为‘不是’,也不认为‘并非不是’。若你这样问我:‘有善作、恶作之业的果与异熟吗?’假如我认为‘有善作、恶作之业的果与异熟’,我就会向你回答‘有善作、恶作之业的果与异熟’。但我不认为‘是这样’,也不认为‘是如此’,也不认为‘是别样’,也不认为‘不是’,也不认为‘并非不是’。若你这样问我:‘无善作、恶作之业的果与异熟吗?’假如我认为‘无善作、恶作之业的果与异熟’,我就会向你回答‘无善作、恶作之业的果与异熟’。但我不认为‘是这样’,也不认为‘是如此’,也不认为‘是别样’,也不认为‘不是’,也不认为‘并非不是’。若你这样问我:‘善作、恶作之业的果与异熟既有又无吗?’假如我认为‘善作、恶作之业的果与异熟既有又无’,我就会向你回答‘善作、恶作之业的果与异熟既有又无’。但我不认为‘是这样’,也不认为‘是如此’,也不认为‘是别样’,也不认为‘不是’,也不认为‘并非不是’。若你这样问我:‘善作、恶作之业的果与异熟既非有又非无吗?’假如我认为‘善作、恶作之业的果与异熟既非有又非无’,我就会向你回答‘善作、恶作之业的果与异熟既非有又非无’。但我不认为‘是这样’,也不认为‘是如此’,也不认为‘是别样’,也不认为‘不是’,也不认为‘并非不是’。若你这样问我:‘如来(tathāgata)死后存在吗?’假如我认为‘如来死后存在’,我就会向你回答‘如来死后存在’。但我不认为‘是这样’,也不认为‘是如此’,也不认为‘是别样’,也不认为‘不是’,也不认为‘并非不是’。若你这样问我:‘如来死后不存在吗?’假如我认为‘如来死后不存在’,我就会向你回答‘如来死后不存在’。但我不认为‘是这样’,也不认为‘是如此’,也不认为‘是别样’,也不认为‘不是’,也不认为‘并非不是’。若你这样问我:‘如来死后既存在又不存在吗?’假如我认为‘如来死后既存在又不存在’,我就会向你回答‘如来死后既存在又不存在’。但我不认为‘是这样’,也不认为‘是如此’,也不认为‘是别样’,也不认为‘不是’,也不认为‘并非不是’。若你这样问我:‘如来死后既非存在又非不存在吗?’假如我认为‘如来死后既非存在又非不存在’,我就会向你回答‘如来死后既非存在又非不存在’。但我不认为‘是这样’,也不认为‘是如此’,也不认为‘是别样’,也不认为‘不是’,也不认为‘并非不是’。”
. ‘‘Evaṃ vutte, bhante, sañcayo belaṭṭhaputto maṃ etadavoca – ‘atthi paro lokoti iti ce maṃ pucchasi, atthi paro lokoti iti ce me assa, atthi paro lokoti iti te naṃ byākareyyaṃ. Evantipi me no, tathātipi me no, aññathātipi me no, notipi me no, no notipi me no. Natthi paro loko…pe… atthi ca natthi ca paro loko…pe… nevatthi na natthi paro loko…pe… atthi sattā opapātikā…pe… natthi sattā opapātikā…pe… atthi ca natthi ca sattā opapātikā…pe… nevatthi na natthi sattā opapātikā…pe… atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko…pe… natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko…pe…atthi ca natthi ca sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko…pe… nevatthi na natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko…pe… hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā…pe… na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā…pe… hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā…pe… neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇāti iti ce maṃ pucchasi, neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇāti iti ce me assa, neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇāti iti te naṃ byākareyyaṃ. Evantipi me no, tathātipi me no, aññathātipi me no, notipi me no, no notipi me no’ti.
181已对照
尊者,删阇耶·毘罗胝子被我问到现见的沙门果时,就这样回答了矫乱(vikkhepa)。尊者,犹如被问到芒果却回答面包果,被问到面包果却回答芒果;同样地,尊者,删阇耶·毘罗胝子被我问到现见的沙门果时,却回答了矫乱。尊者,我这样想:“在这些沙门、婆罗门当中,这一位是最愚痴、最迷妄的。被问到现见的沙门果时,怎么会回答矫乱呢?”尊者,我这样想:“像我这样的人,怎么能想去贬斥住在国土中的沙门或婆罗门呢?”于是,尊者,我对删阇耶·毘罗胝子所说的话既不欢喜,也不呵斥;既不欢喜也不呵斥,虽心怀不悦,却不发出不悦之语,不领受、不驳斥其言,便从座位起身离开了。
. ‘‘Itthaṃ kho me, bhante, sañcayo belaṭṭhaputto sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno vikkhepaṃ byākāsi. Seyyathāpi, bhante, ambaṃ vā puṭṭho labujaṃ byākareyya, labujaṃ vā puṭṭho ambaṃ byākareyya; evameva kho me, bhante, sañcayo belaṭṭhaputto sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno vikkhepaṃ byākāsi. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘ayañca imesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ sabbabālo sabbamūḷho. Kathañhi nāma sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno vikkhepaṃ byākarissatī’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘kathañhi nāma mādiso samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā vijite vasantaṃ apasādetabbaṃ maññeyyā’ti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante, sañcayassa belaṭṭhaputtassa bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃ nappaṭikkosiṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā anattamano anattamanavācaṃ anicchāretvā tameva vācaṃ anuggaṇhanto anikkujjanto uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃ.
第一现见的沙门果Paṭhamasandiṭṭhikasāmaññaphalaṃ
182PTS 1.60缅 1.56已对照
职业清单与供施程式句依第165段措辞逐字统一(驭象者/布阵官/补给兵/王族勇士/糕点师/染衣匠等第三套措辞全部替换);依巴利me保留“为我施设”;注释同步更新
“尊者(bhante),我也这样问世尊(Bhagavā):‘尊者,正如这些众多的技能行业,即:骑象者、骑马者、车兵、弓箭手、旗手、军务官、伙食兵、勇猛的王子、突击兵、大象般的战士、勇士、皮甲战士、婢女之子、点心师、理发师、助浴师、厨师、花鬘师、洗衣师、织工、编苇匠、陶工、算术师、指算师,以及其他诸如此类的众多技能行业——他们就在现法中依靠现见的技能之果生活;他们以此使自己快乐、满足,使父母快乐、满足,使妻儿快乐、满足,使朋友同事快乐、满足,在沙门、婆罗门处确立导向上界的供养——它是属天的、有乐报的、导致生天的。尊者,是否也能同样地为我施设就在现法中现见的沙门果呢?’”
. ‘‘Sohaṃ, bhante, bhagavantampi pucchāmi – ‘yathā nu kho imāni, bhante, puthusippāyatanāni seyyathidaṃ – hatthārohā assārohā rathikā dhanuggahā celakā calakā piṇḍadāyakā uggā rājaputtā pakkhandino mahānāgā sūrā cammayodhino dāsikaputtā āḷārikā kappakā nhāpakā sūdā mālākārā rajakā pesakārā naḷakārā kumbhakārā gaṇakā muddikā, yāni vā panaññānipi evaṃgatāni puthusippāyatanāni, te diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sippaphalaṃ upajīvanti, te tena attānaṃ sukhenti pīṇenti, mātāpitaro sukhenti pīṇenti, puttadāraṃ sukhenti pīṇenti, mittāmacce sukhenti pīṇenti, samaṇabrāhmaṇesu uddhaggikaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ patiṭṭhapenti sovaggikaṃ sukhavipākaṃ saggasaṃvattanikaṃ. Sakkā nu kho me, bhante, evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’nti?
183缅 1.57已对照
pubbuṭṭhāyī pacchānipātī“早起晚睡”改“先起后卧”(先于主人而起、后于主人而卧,段内四处程式一并改)
“大王,能够。那么,大王,我就此反问你,你认为怎样合适,就怎样回答。大王,你认为如何:假如你有一个人,是奴仆、佣工,先起后卧,唯命是从,行为称心,言语可爱,察言观色。他这样想:‘真是稀有啊,朋友!真是未曾有啊,朋友!福德的趣向,福德的果报!这位摩揭陀(Māgadha)国韦提希子(Vedehiputta)阿阇世(Ajātasattu)王是人,我也是人。这位摩揭陀国韦提希子阿阇世王具足、拥有五欲功德(kāmaguṇa)而享乐着,我想他就如天神(deva)一般;而我却是他的奴仆、佣工,先起后卧,唯命是从,行为称心,言语可爱,察言观色。我确实应当作福德。我何不剃除须发,披上袈裟(kāsāya)衣,舍离俗家而出家,成为无家者呢?’后来某个时候,他剃除须发,披上袈裟衣,舍离俗家而出家,成为无家者。他如此出家后,以身防护而住,以语防护而住,以意防护而住,仅以食物和衣着为满足,乐于远离独处。假如你的人们向你报告:‘陛下,愿您知道:您的那个人,那个奴仆、佣工,先起后卧,唯命是从,行为称心,言语可爱,察言观色;陛下,他已剃除须发,披上袈裟衣,舍离俗家而出家,成为无家者。他如此出家后,以身防护而住,以语防护而住,以意防护而住,仅以食物和衣着为满足,乐于远离独处。’你是否会这样说:‘喂,让那个人回到我这里来,再作奴仆、佣工,先起后卧,唯命是从,行为称心,言语可爱,察言观色吧!’?”
. ‘‘Sakkā, mahārāja. Tena hi, mahārāja, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi. Yathā te khameyya, tathā naṃ byākareyyāsi. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, mahārāja, idha te assa puriso dāso kammakāro [kammakaro (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] pubbuṭṭhāyī pacchānipātī kiṅkārapaṭissāvī manāpacārī piyavādī mukhullokako [mukhullokiko (syā. kaṃ. ka.)]. Tassa evamassa – ‘acchariyaṃ, vata bho, abbhutaṃ, vata bho, puññānaṃ gati, puññānaṃ vipāko. Ayañhi rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto manusso; ahampi manusso. Ayañhi rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricāreti, devo maññe. Ahaṃ panamhissa dāso kammakāro pubbuṭṭhāyī pacchānipātī kiṅkārapaṭissāvī manāpacārī piyavādī mukhullokako. So vatassāhaṃ puññāni kareyyaṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya’nti. So aparena samayena kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya. So evaṃ pabbajito samāno kāyena saṃvuto vihareyya, vācāya saṃvuto vihareyya, manasā saṃvuto vihareyya, ghāsacchādanaparamatāya santuṭṭho, abhirato paviveke. Taṃ ce te purisā evamāroceyyuṃ – ‘yagghe deva jāneyyāsi, yo te so puriso [yo te puriso (sī. ka.)] dāso kammakāro pubbuṭṭhāyī pacchānipātī kiṅkārapaṭissāvī manāpacārī piyavādī mukhullokako; so, deva, kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito. So evaṃ pabbajito samāno kāyena saṃvuto viharati, vācāya saṃvuto viharati, manasā saṃvuto viharati, ghāsacchādanaparamatāya santuṭṭho, abhirato paviveke’ti. Api nu tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – ‘etu me, bho, so puriso, punadeva hotu dāso kammakāro pubbuṭṭhāyī pacchānipātī kiṅkārapaṭissāvī manāpacārī piyavādī mukhullokako’ti?
184PTS 1.61已对照
“尊者,不会这样。我们反而会礼敬他,起身迎接他,以座位邀请他,邀请他接受衣(cīvara)、施食(piṇḍapāta)、坐卧处(senāsana)和病者所需的医药资具,并为他安排如法的保护、障护与守卫。”
. ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante. Atha kho naṃ mayameva abhivādeyyāmapi, paccuṭṭheyyāmapi, āsanenapi nimanteyyāma, abhinimanteyyāmapi naṃ cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi, dhammikampissa rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidaheyyāmā’’ti.
185已对照
“大王,你认为如何?若是这样,是否有现见的沙门果呢?”“尊者,若是这样,确实有现见的沙门果。”“大王,这就是我为你指出的第一种在当生中现见的沙门果。”
. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, mahārāja, yadi evaṃ sante hoti vā sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ no vā’’ti? ‘‘Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante hoti sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphala’’nti. ‘‘Idaṃ kho te, mahārāja, mayā paṭhamaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññatta’’nti.
第二现见的沙门果Dutiyasandiṭṭhikasāmaññaphalaṃ
186已对照
“尊者,能否同样地指出另一种在当生中现见的沙门果呢?”“大王,能够。那么,大王,我就此反问你,你认为怎样合适,就怎样回答。大王,你认为如何:假如你有一个人,是农夫、家主、纳税者、使谷堆增长者。他这样想:‘真是稀有啊,朋友!真是未曾有啊,朋友!福德的趣向,福德的果报!这位摩揭陀国韦提希子阿阇世王是人,我也是人。这位摩揭陀国韦提希子阿阇世王具足、拥有五欲功德而享乐着,我想他就如天神一般;而我却是他的农夫、家主、纳税者、使谷堆增长者。我确实应当作福德。我何不剃除须发,披上袈裟衣,舍离俗家而出家,成为无家者呢?’”
. ‘‘Sakkā pana, bhante, aññampi evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’’nti? ‘‘Sakkā, mahārāja. Tena hi, mahārāja, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi. Yathā te khameyya, tathā naṃ byākareyyāsi. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, mahārāja, idha te assa puriso kassako gahapatiko karakārako rāsivaḍḍhako. Tassa evamassa – ‘acchariyaṃ vata bho, abbhutaṃ vata bho, puññānaṃ gati, puññānaṃ vipāko. Ayañhi rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto manusso, ahampi manusso. Ayañhi rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricāreti, devo maññe. Ahaṃ panamhissa kassako gahapatiko karakārako rāsivaḍḍhako. So vatassāhaṃ puññāni kareyyaṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya’nti.
PTS 1.62缅 1.58已对照
“后来某个时候,他舍弃少量财产或舍弃大量财产,舍弃少数亲眷或舍弃众多亲眷,剃除须发,披上袈裟衣,舍离俗家而出家,成为无家者。他如此出家后,以身防护而住,以语防护而住,以意防护而住,仅以食物和衣着为满足,乐于远离独处。假如你的人们向你报告:‘陛下,愿您知道:您的那个人,那个农夫、家主、纳税者、使谷堆增长者;陛下,他已剃除须发,披上袈裟衣,舍离俗家而出家,成为无家者。他如此出家后,以身防护而住,以语防护而住,以意防护而住,仅以食物和衣着为满足,乐于远离独处。’你是否会这样说:‘喂,让那个人回到我这里来,再作农夫、家主、纳税者、使谷堆增长者吧!’?”
‘‘So aparena samayena appaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya mahantaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya, appaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya mahantaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya. So evaṃ pabbajito samāno kāyena saṃvuto vihareyya, vācāya saṃvuto vihareyya, manasā saṃvuto vihareyya, ghāsacchādanaparamatāya santuṭṭho, abhirato paviveke. Taṃ ce te purisā evamāroceyyuṃ – ‘yagghe, deva jāneyyāsi, yo te so puriso [yo te puriso (sī.)] kassako gahapatiko karakārako rāsivaḍḍhako; so deva kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito. So evaṃ pabbajito samāno kāyena saṃvuto viharati, vācāya saṃvuto viharati, manasā saṃvuto viharati, ghāsacchādanaparamatāya santuṭṭho, abhirato paviveke’’ti. Api nu tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – ‘etu me, bho, so puriso, punadeva hotu kassako gahapatiko karakārako rāsivaḍḍhako’ti?
187已对照
“尊者,不会这样。我们反而会礼敬他,起身迎接他,以座位邀请他,邀请他接受衣、施食、坐卧处和病者所需的医药资具,并为他安排如法的保护、障护与守卫。”
. ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante. Atha kho naṃ mayameva abhivādeyyāmapi, paccuṭṭheyyāmapi, āsanenapi nimanteyyāma, abhinimanteyyāmapi naṃ cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi, dhammikampissa rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidaheyyāmā’’ti.
188已对照
“大王,你认为如何?若是这样,是否有现见的沙门果呢?”“尊者,若是这样,确实有现见的沙门果。”“大王,这就是我为你指出的第二种在当生中现见的沙门果。”
. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, mahārāja? Yadi evaṃ sante hoti vā sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ no vā’’ti? ‘‘Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante hoti sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphala’’nti. ‘‘Idaṃ kho te, mahārāja, mayā dutiyaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññatta’’nti.
更殊胜的沙门果Paṇītatarasāmaññaphalaṃ
189已对照
“尊者,能否指出另一种在当生中现见的沙门果,比这些现见的沙门果更超越、更殊胜呢?”“大王,能够。那么,大王,你要谛听,好好作意,我要说了。”“是的,尊者。”摩揭陀国韦提希子阿阇世王回答世尊。
. ‘‘Sakkā pana, bhante, aññampi diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetuṃ imehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañcā’’ti? ‘‘Sakkā, mahārāja. Tena hi, mahārāja, suṇohi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi, bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhagavato paccassosi.
190缅 1.59已对照
宾格改正:imaṃ lokaṃ…pajaṃ 为 sacchikatvā 与 pavedeti 的宾语而非处所格,改作“他自己以证智证知这个有诸天、魔、梵天的世间,以及有沙门、婆罗门、诸天与人的人众之后,予以宣说”
世尊这样说:“大王,于此,如来(Tathāgata)出现于世间,是阿罗汉(arahaṃ)、正等正觉者(sammāsambuddho)、明行具足(vijjācaraṇasampanno)、善逝(sugato)、世间解(lokavidū)、无上者(anuttaro)、调御丈夫(purisadammasārathi)、天人导师(satthādevamanussānaṃ)、佛陀(buddho)、世尊(bhagavā)。他自己以证智证知这个有诸天、魔(māra)、梵天(brahma)的世间,以及有沙门、婆罗门、诸天与人的人众之后,予以宣说。他教导初善、中善、后善的,具足义理与文句的法,显示完全圆满、遍净的梵行(brahmacariya)。”
. Bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘idha, mahārāja, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti.
191PTS 1.63已对照
居士(gahapati)、居士之子,或出生于其他某个家族者听闻那法。他听闻那法之后,获得对如来的信心。他具足如此获得的信心,如是思察:“在家生活是狭窄的尘垢之道,出家则是空旷开阔的。住在家中,不容易行持完全圆满、完全清净、如磨光的螺贝般的梵行。我何不剃除须发,披上袈裟衣,舍离俗家而出家,成为无家者呢?”
. ‘‘Taṃ dhammaṃ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṃ vā kule paccājāto. So taṃ dhammaṃ sutvā tathāgate saddhaṃ paṭilabhati. So tena saddhāpaṭilābhena samannāgato iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘sambādho gharāvāso rajopatho, abbhokāso pabbajjā. Nayidaṃ sukaraṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṃ ekantaparisuddhaṃ saṅkhalikhitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya’nti.
192已对照
后来某个时候,他舍弃少量财产或舍弃大量财产,舍弃少数亲眷或舍弃众多亲眷,剃除须发,披上袈裟衣,舍离俗家而出家,成为无家者。
. ‘‘So aparena samayena appaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya mahantaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya appaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya mahantaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati.
193已对照
他如此出家后,以波罗提木叉(pātimokkha)律仪防护而住,具足正行与行处,于微细的罪过也见怖畏,受持学处(sikkhāpada)而学习,具足善的身业和语业,活命遍净,具足戒,守护诸根之门,具足正念正知,知足。
. ‘‘So evaṃ pabbajito samāno pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu, kāyakammavacīkammena samannāgato kusalena, parisuddhājīvo sīlasampanno, indriyesu guttadvāro [guttadvāro, bhojane mattaññū (ka.)], satisampajaññena samannāgato, santuṭṭho.
小戒(Cūḷasīla)Cūḷasīlaṃ
194已对照
“大王(mahārāja),比丘(bhikkhu)如何具足戒(sīla)呢?大王,在此,比丘舍断杀生(pāṇātipāta),远离杀生,放下棍棒,放下刀剑,有惭愧,具同情心,怀着利益、悲悯一切众生生命之心而住。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Kathañca, mahārāja, bhikkhu sīlasampanno hoti? Idha, mahārāja, bhikkhu pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti. Nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharati. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
缅 1.60已对照
“他舍断不与取(adinnādāna),远离不与取,只接受所施与的,只期望所施与的,以不偷盗而清净的自己而住。这也是他的戒行之一。
‘‘Adinnādānaṃ pahāya adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti dinnādāyī dinnapāṭikaṅkhī, athenena sucibhūtena attanā viharati. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
已对照
“他舍断非梵行(abrahmacariya),成为梵行(brahmacariya)者,远离而行,戒绝淫欲的粗俗之法。这也是他的戒行之一。
‘‘Abrahmacariyaṃ pahāya brahmacārī hoti ārācārī virato methunā gāmadhammā. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
已对照
“他舍断虚妄语(musāvāda),远离虚妄语,说真实语,坚持真实,坚定可靠,不欺骗世间。这也是他的戒行之一。
‘‘Musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭivirato hoti saccavādī saccasandho theto paccayiko avisaṃvādako lokassa. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
PTS 1.64已对照
“他舍断离间语(pisuṇāvācā),远离离间语:从这里听到之后,不到那里去说,以免离间这些人;从那里听到之后,不对这些人说,以免离间那些人。这样,他调解分裂者,促进和合者,乐于和合,喜欢和合,欣喜和合,说能促成和合的话。这也是他的戒行之一。
‘‘Pisuṇaṃ vācaṃ pahāya pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti; ito sutvā na amutra akkhātā imesaṃ bhedāya; amutra vā sutvā na imesaṃ akkhātā, amūsaṃ bhedāya. Iti bhinnānaṃ vā sandhātā, sahitānaṃ vā anuppadātā, samaggārāmo samaggarato samagganandī samaggakaraṇiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
已对照
“他舍断粗恶语(pharusāvācā),远离粗恶语。凡是柔和的、悦耳的、可爱的、感人心的、文雅的、众人喜欢的、众人合意的言语,他就说这样的话。这也是他的戒行之一。
‘‘Pharusaṃ vācaṃ pahāya pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti; yā sā vācā nelā kaṇṇasukhā pemanīyā hadayaṅgamā porī bahujanakantā bahujanamanāpā tathārūpiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
已对照
“他舍断杂秽语(samphappalāpa),远离杂秽语:适时而说,真实而说,有义而说,说法而说,说律而说;在适当的时候,说有价值的、有根据的、有节制的、具有义利的话。这也是他的戒行之一。
‘‘Samphappalāpaṃ pahāya samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti kālavādī bhūtavādī atthavādī dhammavādī vinayavādī, nidhānavatiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā hoti kālena sāpadesaṃ pariyantavatiṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
缅 1.61已对照
“他远离损害种子类和植物类(bījagāma-bhūtagāma)……乃至……一天只吃一餐,戒绝夜食,远离非时食。远离观看跳舞、唱歌、音乐、表演(visūkadassana)。远离佩戴花鬘、芳香、涂香、装饰、庄严之事。远离高床、大床(uccāsayana-mahāsayana)。远离接受金银。远离接受生谷。远离接受生肉。远离接受妇女、少女。远离接受男奴、女奴。远离接受山羊、绵羊。远离接受鸡、猪。远离接受象、牛、马、骒马。远离接受田地、宅地。远离从事传信、遣使(dūteyya-pahiṇagamana)。远离买卖。远离欺秤、伪币、欺量。远离贿赂、欺瞒、诈伪等不正手段。远离砍伐、杀戮、捆绑、拦路抢劫、掠夺、暴力。这也是他的戒行之一。
‘‘Bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā paṭivirato hoti…pe… ekabhattiko hoti rattūparato virato vikālabhojanā. Naccagītavāditavisūkadassanā paṭivirato hoti. Mālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. Uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato hoti. Jātarūparajatapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Āmakadhaññapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Āmakamaṃsapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Itthikumārikapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Dāsidāsapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Ajeḷakapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Kukkuṭasūkarapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Hatthigavassavaḷavapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Khettavatthupaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Dūteyyapahiṇagamanānuyogā paṭivirato hoti. Kayavikkayā paṭivirato hoti. Tulākūṭakaṃsakūṭamānakūṭā paṭivirato hoti. Ukkoṭanavañcananikatisāciyogā paṭivirato hoti. Chedanavadhabandhanaviparāmosaālopasahasākārā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
已对照
小戒结束。
Cūḷasīlaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
中戒(Majjhimasīla)Majjhimasīlaṃ
195PTS 1.65已对照
“或者,正如有些尊贵的沙门(samaṇa)、婆罗门(brāhmaṇa),食用信施的食物后,仍然从事这样的损害种子类和植物类。这就是:根生的种子、茎生的种子、节生的种子、顶芽生的种子,以及第五种——种子生的种子。他远离这样的损害种子类和植物类。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – mūlabījaṃ khandhabījaṃ phaḷubījaṃ aggabījaṃ bījabījameva pañcamaṃ, iti evarūpā bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
196已对照
“或者,正如有些尊贵的沙门、婆罗门,食用信施的食物后,仍然从事这样的储存受用(sannidhikāraparibhoga)。这就是:储存食物、储存饮料、储存衣服、储存车乘、储存卧具、储存香料、储存财物。他远离这样的储存受用。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ sannidhikāraparibhogaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – annasannidhiṃ pānasannidhiṃ vatthasannidhiṃ yānasannidhiṃ sayanasannidhiṃ gandhasannidhiṃ āmisasannidhiṃ, iti vā iti evarūpā sannidhikāraparibhogā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
197已对照
“或者,正如有些尊贵的沙门、婆罗门,食用信施的食物后,仍然观看这样的表演。这就是:跳舞、唱歌、音乐、戏剧、说书、击掌乐、铙钹乐、瓮鼓乐、布景戏、旃陀罗(caṇḍāla)铁丸戏、竹竿戏、洗骨戏、斗象、斗马、斗水牛、斗公牛、斗山羊、斗绵羊、斗鸡、斗鹌鹑、棍斗、拳斗、摔跤、演习、点兵、布阵、阅兵。他远离观看这样的表演。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ visūkadassanaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – naccaṃ gītaṃ vāditaṃ pekkhaṃ akkhānaṃ pāṇissaraṃ vetāḷaṃ kumbhathūṇaṃ sobhanakaṃ caṇḍālaṃ vaṃsaṃ dhovanaṃ hatthiyuddhaṃ assayuddhaṃ mahiṃsayuddhaṃ usabhayuddhaṃ ajayuddhaṃ meṇḍayuddhaṃ kukkuṭayuddhaṃ vaṭṭakayuddhaṃ daṇḍayuddhaṃ muṭṭhiyuddhaṃ nibbuddhaṃ uyyodhikaṃ balaggaṃ senābyūhaṃ anīkadassanaṃ iti vā iti evarūpā visūkadassanā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
198缅 1.62已对照
2026-09-06 · 我方误译akkha 作「掷骰子」 → 改作「玩球」
依据:义注 Akkhanti guḷakīḷā(球戏);同列已有 khalika=掷骰板,不应重出骰戏
“或者,正如有些尊贵的沙门、婆罗门,食用信施的食物后,仍然从事这样的赌博放逸处(jūtappamādaṭṭhāna)。这就是:八格棋、十格棋、虚空棋、绕圈游戏、拈取游戏、掷骰板、击短棒、蘸手印画、玩球、吹叶笛、玩具犁、翻筋斗、玩棕叶风车、玩具量斗、玩具车、玩具弓、猜字、猜心、模仿残疾。他远离这样的赌博放逸处。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ jūtappamādaṭṭhānānuyogaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – aṭṭhapadaṃ dasapadaṃ ākāsaṃ parihārapathaṃ santikaṃ khalikaṃ ghaṭikaṃ salākahatthaṃ akkhaṃ paṅgacīraṃ vaṅkakaṃ mokkhacikaṃ ciṅgulikaṃ pattāḷhakaṃ rathakaṃ dhanukaṃ akkharikaṃ manesikaṃ yathāvajjaṃ iti vā iti evarūpā jūtappamādaṭṭhānānuyogā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
199PTS 1.66已对照
“可供十六位舞女起舞的大羊毛毯”删“十六位”(系义注内容混入正文),作“可供舞女起舞的大羊毛毯”;十六人之说仍存于注
“或者,正如有些尊贵的沙门、婆罗门,食用信施的食物后,仍然受用这样的高床、大床。这就是:高脚椅、兽形脚卧床、长毛毯、彩色毛毯、白色毛毯、绣花毛毯、棉絮褥垫、绣像毛毯、双面起毛毯、单面起毛毯、缀宝石的丝织敷具、丝绸敷具、可供舞女起舞的大羊毛毯、象背毯、马背毯、车毯、羚羊皮编席、迦陀利鹿皮的殊胜敷具、带华盖的床、两端有红枕的床。他远离这样的高床、大床。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – āsandiṃ pallaṅkaṃ gonakaṃ cittakaṃ paṭikaṃ paṭalikaṃ tūlikaṃ vikatikaṃ uddalomiṃ ekantalomiṃ kaṭṭissaṃ koseyyaṃ kuttakaṃ hatthattharaṃ assattharaṃ rathattharaṃ ajinappaveṇiṃ kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇaṃ sauttaracchadaṃ ubhatolohitakūpadhānaṃ iti vā iti evarūpā uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
200已对照
“或者,正如有些尊贵的沙门、婆罗门,食用信施的食物后,仍然从事这样的装饰、庄严之事。这就是:涂敷香粉、按摩、香汤沐浴、揉身、照镜、涂眼膏、戴花鬘抹香涂脂、敷面粉、涂面膏、戴手环、束顶髻、持手杖、持药筒、佩剑、持伞盖、穿彩色鞋履、缠头巾、戴摩尼(maṇi)宝珠、执拂尘、穿长穗的白衣。他远离这样的装饰、庄严之事。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ maṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānānuyogaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – ucchādanaṃ parimaddanaṃ nhāpanaṃ sambāhanaṃ ādāsaṃ añjanaṃ mālāgandhavilepanaṃ mukhacuṇṇaṃ mukhalepanaṃ hatthabandhaṃ sikhābandhaṃ daṇḍaṃ nāḷikaṃ asiṃ [khaggaṃ (sī. pī.), asiṃ khaggaṃ (syā. kaṃ.), khaggaṃ asiṃ (ka.)] chattaṃ citrupāhanaṃ uṇhīsaṃ maṇiṃ vālabījaniṃ odātāni vatthāni dīghadasāni iti vā iti evarūpā maṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānānuyogā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
201缅 1.63已对照
“或者,正如有些尊贵的沙门、婆罗门,食用信施的食物后,仍然谈论这样的畜生论(tiracchānakathā)。这就是:国王论、盗贼论、大臣论、军队论、怖畏论、战争论、食物论、饮料论、衣服论、卧具论、花鬘论、香论、亲戚论、车乘论、村庄论、集镇论、城市论、国土论、女人论、勇士论、街道论、井边论、先亡论、种种论、世界起源论、海洋起源论、如此有无论。他远离这样的畜生论。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ mahāmattakathaṃ senākathaṃ bhayakathaṃ yuddhakathaṃ annakathaṃ pānakathaṃ vatthakathaṃ sayanakathaṃ mālākathaṃ gandhakathaṃ ñātikathaṃ yānakathaṃ gāmakathaṃ nigamakathaṃ nagarakathaṃ janapadakathaṃ itthikathaṃ [itthikathaṃ purisakathaṃ kumārakathaṃ kumārikathaṃ (ka.)] sūrakathaṃ visikhākathaṃ kumbhaṭṭhānakathaṃ pubbapetakathaṃ nānattakathaṃ lokakkhāyikaṃ samuddakkhāyikaṃ itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānakathāya paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
202已对照
“或者,正如有些尊贵的沙门、婆罗门,食用信施的食物后,仍然从事这样的诤论(viggāhikakathā)。这就是:“你不了知这法与律,我了知这法与律;你怎么会了知这法与律呢?你是行邪道者,我是行正道者;我的话前后连贯,你的话前后不连贯;应该先说的你后说,应该后说的你先说;你长期熟习的已被推翻;你的论点已被指摘,你已被论破;去设法挽救你的论点吧,如果你能够,就解释清楚吧!”他远离这样的诤论。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ viggāhikakathaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – na tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāsi, ahaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāmi, kiṃ tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānissasi, micchā paṭipanno tvamasi, ahamasmi sammā paṭipanno, sahitaṃ me, asahitaṃ te, pure vacanīyaṃ pacchā avaca, pacchā vacanīyaṃ pure avaca, adhiciṇṇaṃ te viparāvattaṃ, āropito te vādo, niggahito tvamasi, cara vādappamokkhāya, nibbeṭhehi vā sace pahosīti iti vā iti evarūpāya viggāhikakathāya paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
203PTS 1.67已对照
“或者,正如有些尊贵的沙门、婆罗门,食用信施的食物后,仍然从事这样的传信、遣使,这就是:为国王、王臣、刹帝利(khattiya)、婆罗门、居士、王子传话:“你到这里去,你到那里来;你把这个带去,你把那个从那里带来。”他远离这样的传信、遣使。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ dūteyyapahiṇagamanānuyogaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – raññaṃ, rājamahāmattānaṃ, khattiyānaṃ, brāhmaṇānaṃ, gahapatikānaṃ, kumārānaṃ – ‘idha gaccha, amutrāgaccha, idaṃ hara, amutra idaṃ āharā’ti iti vā iti evarūpā dūteyyapahiṇagamanānuyogā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
204已对照
“或者,正如有些尊贵的沙门、婆罗门,食用信施的食物后,行诡诈、虚谈、现相、激磨,以利求利。他远离这样的诡诈、虚谈。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te kuhakā ca honti lapakā ca nemittikā ca nippesikā ca lābhena lābhaṃ nijigīṃsitāro ca. Iti evarūpā kuhanalapanā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ’’.
已对照
中戒结束。
Majjhimasīlaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
大戒(Mahāsīla)Mahāsīlaṃ
205缅 1.64已对照
mukhahoma“口供”改“口祭”(避免与“供词”歧义);注释同步更新
“或者,正如有些尊贵的沙门、婆罗门,食用信施的食物后,仍以这样的畜生明(tiracchānavijjā)邪命(micchājīva)维持生计。这就是:肢体占、征兆占、天变占、占梦、体相占、鼠咬占、火供、木勺供、谷壳供、米糠供、米粒供、熟酥供、油供、口祭、血供、肢体明、宅地明、王家明、西瓦明、鬼神明、地明、蛇明、毒明、蝎明、鼠明、鸟明、乌鸦明、寿命推算、防箭咒、解兽鸣。他远离这样的畜生明邪命。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti. Seyyathidaṃ – aṅgaṃ nimittaṃ uppātaṃ supinaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ mūsikacchinnaṃ aggihomaṃ dabbihomaṃ thusahomaṃ kaṇahomaṃ taṇḍulahomaṃ sappihomaṃ telahomaṃ mukhahomaṃ lohitahomaṃ aṅgavijjā vatthuvijjā khattavijjā sivavijjā bhūtavijjā bhūrivijjā ahivijjā visavijjā vicchikavijjā mūsikavijjā sakuṇavijjā vāyasavijjā pakkajjhānaṃ saraparittāṇaṃ migacakkaṃ iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
206已对照
“或者,正如有些尊贵的沙门、婆罗门,食用信施的食物后,仍以这样的畜生明邪命维持生计。这就是:宝珠相、衣服相、手杖相、刀相、剑相、箭相、弓相、武器相、女人相、男人相、男孩相、女孩相、男奴相、女奴相、象相、马相、水牛相、公牛相、牛相、山羊相、绵羊相、鸡相、鹌鹑相、大蜥蜴相、耳环相、龟相、鹿相。他远离这样的畜生明邪命。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti. Seyyathidaṃ – maṇilakkhaṇaṃ vatthalakkhaṇaṃ daṇḍalakkhaṇaṃ satthalakkhaṇaṃ asilakkhaṇaṃ usulakkhaṇaṃ dhanulakkhaṇaṃ āvudhalakkhaṇaṃ itthilakkhaṇaṃ purisalakkhaṇaṃ kumāralakkhaṇaṃ kumārilakkhaṇaṃ dāsalakkhaṇaṃ dāsilakkhaṇaṃ hatthilakkhaṇaṃ assalakkhaṇaṃ mahiṃsalakkhaṇaṃ usabhalakkhaṇaṃ golakkhaṇaṃ ajalakkhaṇaṃ meṇḍalakkhaṇaṃ kukkuṭalakkhaṇaṃ vaṭṭakalakkhaṇaṃ godhālakkhaṇaṃ kaṇṇikalakkhaṇaṃ kacchapalakkhaṇaṃ migalakkhaṇaṃ iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
207PTS 1.68已对照
“或者,正如有些尊贵的沙门、婆罗门,食用信施的食物后,仍以这样的畜生明邪命维持生计。这就是:“国王将出征,国王将不出征;内部的国王将进攻,外部的国王将撤退;外部的国王将进攻,内部的国王将撤退;内部的国王将胜利,外部的国王将失败;外部的国王将胜利,内部的国王将失败;这一方将胜利,那一方将失败。”他远离这样的畜生明邪命。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti. Seyyathidaṃ – raññaṃ niyyānaṃ bhavissati, raññaṃ aniyyānaṃ bhavissati, abbhantarānaṃ raññaṃ upayānaṃ bhavissati, bāhirānaṃ raññaṃ apayānaṃ bhavissati, bāhirānaṃ raññaṃ upayānaṃ bhavissati, abbhantarānaṃ raññaṃ apayānaṃ bhavissati, abbhantarānaṃ raññaṃ jayo bhavissati, bāhirānaṃ raññaṃ parājayo bhavissati, bāhirānaṃ raññaṃ jayo bhavissati, abbhantarānaṃ raññaṃ parājayo bhavissati, iti imassa jayo bhavissati, imassa parājayo bhavissati iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
208缅 1.65已对照
“或者,正如有些尊贵的沙门、婆罗门,食用信施的食物后,仍以这样的畜生明邪命维持生计。这就是:“将有月蚀,将有日蚀,将有星蚀;日月将循轨道运行,日月将偏离轨道运行;众星将循轨道运行,众星将偏离轨道运行;将有流星陨落,将有天际燃烧,将有地震,将有天鼓鸣;将有日、月、星辰的升起、降落、晦暗、明净;月蚀将有这样的结果,日蚀将有这样的结果,星蚀将有这样的结果;日月循轨道运行将有这样的结果,日月偏离轨道运行将有这样的结果;众星循轨道运行将有这样的结果,众星偏离轨道运行将有这样的结果;流星陨落将有这样的结果,天际燃烧将有这样的结果,地震将有这样的结果,天鼓鸣将有这样的结果;日、月、星辰的升起、降落、晦暗、明净将有这样的结果。”他远离这样的畜生明邪命。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti. Seyyathidaṃ – candaggāho bhavissati, sūriyaggāho bhavissati, nakkhattaggāho bhavissati, candimasūriyānaṃ pathagamanaṃ bhavissati, candimasūriyānaṃ uppathagamanaṃ bhavissati, nakkhattānaṃ pathagamanaṃ bhavissati, nakkhattānaṃ uppathagamanaṃ bhavissati, ukkāpāto bhavissati, disāḍāho bhavissati, bhūmicālo bhavissati, devadudrabhi bhavissati, candimasūriyanakkhattānaṃ uggamanaṃ ogamanaṃ saṃkilesaṃ vodānaṃ bhavissati, evaṃvipāko candaggāho bhavissati, evaṃvipāko sūriyaggāho bhavissati, evaṃvipāko nakkhattaggāho bhavissati, evaṃvipākaṃ candimasūriyānaṃ pathagamanaṃ bhavissati, evaṃvipākaṃ candimasūriyānaṃ uppathagamanaṃ bhavissati, evaṃvipākaṃ nakkhattānaṃ pathagamanaṃ bhavissati, evaṃvipākaṃ nakkhattānaṃ uppathagamanaṃ bhavissati, evaṃvipāko ukkāpāto bhavissati, evaṃvipāko disāḍāho bhavissati, evaṃvipāko bhūmicālo bhavissati, evaṃvipāko devadudrabhi bhavissati, evaṃvipākaṃ candimasūriyanakkhattānaṃ uggamanaṃ ogamanaṃ saṃkilesaṃ vodānaṃ bhavissati iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
209PTS 1.69已对照
“或者,正如有些尊贵的沙门、婆罗门,食用信施的食物后,仍以这样的畜生明邪命维持生计。这就是:“将多雨,将干旱;将丰收,将饥荒;将安稳,将有怖畏;将有疾病,将健康无病”;以及指算、心算、计算、作诗、顺世论。他远离这样的畜生明邪命。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti. Seyyathidaṃ – suvuṭṭhikā bhavissati, dubbuṭṭhikā bhavissati, subhikkhaṃ bhavissati, dubbhikkhaṃ bhavissati, khemaṃ bhavissati, bhayaṃ bhavissati, rogo bhavissati, ārogyaṃ bhavissati, muddā, gaṇanā, saṅkhānaṃ, kāveyyaṃ, lokāyataṃ iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
210已对照
2026-09-06 · 我方误译viruddhagabbhakaraṇa 作「使人堕胎」 → 改作「安胎」
依据:义注:viruddhassa…gabbhassa karaṇaṃ, puna avināsāya bhesajjadānanti attho(为令胎不再坏失而给药),下文更列风/虫/业三因及各自对治,通篇是保胎不是堕胎
“或者,正如有些尊贵的沙门、婆罗门,食用信施的食物后,仍以这样的畜生明邪命维持生计。这就是:择日迎娶、择日出嫁、择日和合、择日离异、择日聚财、择日散财、使人幸运、使人不幸、安胎、缚舌咒、锁颚咒、向手诵咒、向颚诵咒、向耳诵咒、镜占问神、童女占问神、天神占问、侍奉太阳、侍奉大梵、口吐火焰、召请吉祥天女。他远离这样的畜生明邪命。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti. Seyyathidaṃ – āvāhanaṃ vivāhanaṃ saṃvaraṇaṃ vivaraṇaṃ saṅkiraṇaṃ vikiraṇaṃ subhagakaraṇaṃ dubbhagakaraṇaṃ viruddhagabbhakaraṇaṃ jivhānibandhanaṃ hanusaṃhananaṃ hatthābhijappanaṃ hanujappanaṃ kaṇṇajappanaṃ ādāsapañhaṃ kumārikapañhaṃ devapañhaṃ ādiccupaṭṭhānaṃ mahatupaṭṭhānaṃ abbhujjalanaṃ sirivhāyanaṃ iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
211缅 1.66已对照
uddhaṃvirecana“上排”改“上行催泻”,与前后“催泻、下泻、头部导泻”体例相称;注释同步更新
“或者,正如有些尊贵的沙门、婆罗门,食用信施的食物后,仍以这样的畜生明邪命维持生计。这就是:息灾仪式、还愿仪式、驱鬼仪式、镇地仪式、壮阳术、去势术、择宅地仪式、净宅地仪式、圣水漱洗、圣水沐浴、火祭、催吐、催泻、上行催泻、下泻、头部导泻、灌耳油、洗眼、灌鼻、敷眼药、敷清凉眼药、眼科医术、外科医术、小儿科医术、施用根本药、排除药物残效。他远离这样的畜生明邪命。这也是他的戒行之一。
. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti. Seyyathidaṃ – santikammaṃ paṇidhikammaṃ bhūtakammaṃ bhūrikammaṃ vassakammaṃ vossakammaṃ vatthukammaṃ vatthuparikammaṃ ācamanaṃ nhāpanaṃ juhanaṃ vamanaṃ virecanaṃ uddhaṃvirecanaṃ adhovirecanaṃ sīsavirecanaṃ kaṇṇatelaṃ nettatappanaṃ natthukammaṃ añjanaṃ paccañjanaṃ sālākiyaṃ sallakattiyaṃ dārakatikicchā, mūlabhesajjānaṃ anuppadānaṃ, osadhīnaṃ paṭimokkho iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
212PTS 1.70已对照
“大王,这样具足戒的比丘,由于戒的防护,不见任何地方有怖畏。大王,犹如已灌顶的刹帝利王,已降伏敌人,就敌人而言,他不见任何地方有怖畏;同样地,大王,这样具足戒的比丘,由于戒的防护,不见任何地方有怖畏。他具足这圣洁的戒蕴(sīlakkhandha),内心感受无过失之乐。大王,比丘就是这样具足戒的。
. ‘‘Sa kho so, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ sīlasampanno na kutoci bhayaṃ samanupassati, yadidaṃ sīlasaṃvarato. Seyyathāpi – mahārāja, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto nihatapaccāmitto na kutoci bhayaṃ samanupassati, yadidaṃ paccatthikato; evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ sīlasampanno na kutoci bhayaṃ samanupassati, yadidaṃ sīlasaṃvarato. So iminā ariyena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato ajjhattaṃ anavajjasukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu sīlasampanno hoti.
已对照
大戒(mahāsīla)结束。
Mahāsīlaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
根律仪(indriyasaṃvara)Indriyasaṃvaro
213已对照
“大王(mahārāja),比丘(bhikkhu)又如何守护诸根(indriya)之门呢?大王,在此,比丘以眼见色后,不取于相,不取随相。若不守护眼根而住,贪与忧等恶、不善法就会流入,所以他为防护它而行道,守护眼根,致力于眼根的律仪。以耳闻声后……以鼻嗅香后……以舌尝味后……以身触所触后……以意识知法后,不取于相,不取随相。若不守护意根而住,贪与忧等恶、不善法就会流入,所以他为防护它而行道,守护意根,致力于意根的律仪。他具足这圣洁的根律仪,内心感受无染污之乐。大王,比丘就是这样守护诸根之门。”
. ‘‘Kathañca, mahārāja, bhikkhu indriyesu guttadvāro hoti? Idha, mahārāja, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhā domanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā…pe… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā…pe… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā…pe… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ manindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhā domanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati manindriyaṃ, manindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. So iminā ariyena indriyasaṃvarena samannāgato ajjhattaṃ abyāsekasukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu indriyesu guttadvāro hoti.
念与正知(satisampajañña)Satisampajaññaṃ
214PTS 1.71缅 1.67已对照
“大王,比丘又如何具足念与正知呢?大王,在此,比丘在前进、返回时保持正知,向前看、向旁看时保持正知,屈、伸[肢体]时保持正知,持僧伽梨(saṅghāṭi)、钵与衣时保持正知,食、饮、嚼、尝时保持正知,大便、小便时保持正知,行走、站立、坐着、睡眠、觉醒、说话、沉默时保持正知。大王,比丘就是这样具足念与正知。”
. ‘‘Kathañca, mahārāja, bhikkhu satisampajaññena samannāgato hoti? Idha, mahārāja, bhikkhu abhikkante paṭikkante sampajānakārī hoti, ālokite vilokite sampajānakārī hoti, samiñjite pasārite sampajānakārī hoti, saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇe sampajānakārī hoti, asite pīte khāyite sāyite sampajānakārī hoti, uccārapassāvakamme sampajānakārī hoti, gate ṭhite nisinne sutte jāgarite bhāsite tuṇhībhāve sampajānakārī hoti. Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu satisampajaññena samannāgato hoti.
知足(santosa)Santoso
215已对照
2026-09-06 · 我方跨段不一致piṇḍapāta 作「团食」(§215)/「施食」(§184,187) → 统一「施食」(DN3 亦作施食)
依据:义注引词对齐校验
“大王,比丘又如何知足呢?大王,在此,比丘满足于足以护身的衣、足以果腹的施食(piṇḍapāta),无论去往何处,都只随身携带[这些]而行。大王,犹如有翼之鸟,无论飞往何处,都只以自己的双翼为负担而飞。同样地,大王,比丘满足于足以护身的衣、足以果腹的施食,无论去往何处,都只随身携带[这些]而行。大王,比丘就是这样知足。”
. ‘‘Kathañca, mahārāja, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti? Idha, mahārāja, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti kāyaparihārikena cīvarena, kucchiparihārikena piṇḍapātena. So yena yeneva pakkamati, samādāyeva pakkamati. Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, pakkhī sakuṇo yena yeneva ḍeti, sapattabhārova ḍeti. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti kāyaparihārikena cīvarena kucchiparihārikena piṇḍapātena. So yena yeneva pakkamati, samādāyeva pakkamati. Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti.
舍断诸盖(nīvaraṇappahāna)Nīvaraṇappahānaṃ
216已对照
“于食后托钵归来”改“于食后从托钵处返回”(piṇḍapātappaṭikkanta,杜绝“饭后再去托钵”的误读)
“他具足这圣洁的戒蕴(sīlakkhandha),具足这圣洁的根律仪,具足这圣洁的念与正知,具足这圣洁的知足之后,前往僻静的坐卧处(senāsana)——林野(arañña)、树下、山岳、峡谷、山洞、坟场、丛林、露地、草堆。他于食后从托钵处返回,结跏趺而坐,保持其身正直,使念现起于面前。”
. ‘‘So iminā ca ariyena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato, iminā ca ariyena indriyasaṃvarena samannāgato, iminā ca ariyena satisampajaññena samannāgato, imāya ca ariyāya santuṭṭhiyā samannāgato, vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ bhajati araññaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ pabbataṃ kandaraṃ giriguhaṃ susānaṃ vanapatthaṃ abbhokāsaṃ palālapuñjaṃ. So pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātappaṭikkanto nisīdati pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā.
217缅 1.68已对照
sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī 补出 hita(利益)义,并与第194段同一短语的译法统一:“怀着利益、悲悯一切有情生命之心”
“他舍断对世间的贪欲(abhijjhā),以离贪欲之心而住,使心从贪欲中净化。舍断瞋恚(byāpāda)与恼恨,以无瞋之心而住,怀着利益、悲悯一切众生生命之心,使心从瞋恚与恼恨中净化。舍断昏沉睡眠(thinamiddha),离昏沉睡眠而住,有光明想,具念、正知,使心从昏沉睡眠中净化。舍断掉举追悔(uddhaccakukkucca),不掉举而住,内心寂静,使心从掉举追悔中净化。舍断疑(vicikicchā),度脱疑惑而住,对诸善法不再犹豫,使心从疑中净化。”
. ‘‘So abhijjhaṃ loke pahāya vigatābhijjhena cetasā viharati, abhijjhāya cittaṃ parisodheti. Byāpādapadosaṃ pahāya abyāpannacitto viharati sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī, byāpādapadosā cittaṃ parisodheti. Thinamiddhaṃ pahāya vigatathinamiddho viharati ālokasaññī, sato sampajāno, thinamiddhā cittaṃ parisodheti. Uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahāya anuddhato viharati, ajjhattaṃ vūpasantacitto, uddhaccakukkuccā cittaṃ parisodheti. Vicikicchaṃ pahāya tiṇṇavicikiccho viharati, akathaṃkathī kusalesu dhammesu, vicikicchāya cittaṃ parisodheti.
218PTS 1.72已对照
“大王,犹如有人举债经营事业,他的那些事业获得成功,他既还清了原先的债本,还有多余的[钱财]可以养育妻室。他这样想:‘我先前举债经营事业,我的那些事业获得了成功,我既还清了原先的债本,还有多余的[钱财]可以养育妻室。’他会由此因缘获得愉悦,得到喜悦。”
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso iṇaṃ ādāya kammante payojeyya. Tassa te kammantā samijjheyyuṃ. So yāni ca porāṇāni iṇamūlāni, tāni ca byantiṃ kareyya [byantīkareyya (sī. syā. kaṃ.)], siyā cassa uttariṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ dārabharaṇāya. Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho pubbe iṇaṃ ādāya kammante payojesiṃ. Tassa me te kammantā samijjhiṃsu. Sohaṃ yāni ca porāṇāni iṇamūlāni, tāni ca byantiṃ akāsiṃ, atthi ca me uttariṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ dārabharaṇāyā’ti. So tatonidānaṃ labhetha pāmojjaṃ, adhigaccheyya somanassaṃ.
219已对照
“大王,又犹如有人生病,痛苦,重病缠身,吃不下饭,身体没有力气。他过些时候从那疾病中解脱,吃得下饭,身体也有了力气。他这样想:‘我先前生病,痛苦,重病缠身,吃不下饭,身体没有力气。如今我已从那疾病中解脱,吃得下饭,身体也有了力气。’他会由此因缘获得愉悦,得到喜悦。”
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso ābādhiko assa dukkhito bāḷhagilāno; bhattañcassa nacchādeyya, na cassa kāye balamattā. So aparena samayena tamhā ābādhā mucceyya; bhattaṃ cassa chādeyya, siyā cassa kāye balamattā. Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho pubbe ābādhiko ahosiṃ dukkhito bāḷhagilāno; bhattañca me nacchādesi, na ca me āsi [na cassa me (ka.)] kāye balamattā. Somhi etarahi tamhā ābādhā mutto; bhattañca me chādeti, atthi ca me kāye balamattā’ti. So tatonidānaṃ labhetha pāmojjaṃ, adhigaccheyya somanassaṃ.
220缅 1.69已对照
“大王,又犹如有人被关在监狱里。他过些时候平安无事地从监狱中获释,财产也没有任何损失。他这样想:‘我先前被关在监狱里,如今我已平安无事地从监狱中获释,我的财产也没有任何损失。’他会由此因缘获得愉悦,得到喜悦。”
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso bandhanāgāre baddho assa. So aparena samayena tamhā bandhanāgārā mucceyya sotthinā abbhayena [ubbayena (sī. ka.)], na cassa kiñci bhogānaṃ vayo. Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho pubbe bandhanāgāre baddho ahosiṃ, somhi etarahi tamhā bandhanāgārā mutto sotthinā abbhayena. Natthi ca me kiñci bhogānaṃ vayo’ti. So tatonidānaṃ labhetha pāmojjaṃ, adhigaccheyya somanassaṃ.
221PTS 1.73已对照
“大王,又犹如有人身为奴隶,不得自主,受制于人,不能随意而行。他过些时候从奴隶的身份中解脱,得以自主,不受制于人,成为自由人,能随意而行。他这样想:‘我先前身为奴隶,不得自主,受制于人,不能随意而行。如今我已从奴隶的身份中解脱,得以自主,不受制于人,成为自由人,能随意而行。’他会由此因缘获得愉悦,得到喜悦。”
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso dāso assa anattādhīno parādhīno na yenakāmaṃgamo. So aparena samayena tamhā dāsabyā mucceyya attādhīno aparādhīno bhujisso yenakāmaṃgamo. Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho pubbe dāso ahosiṃ anattādhīno parādhīno na yenakāmaṃgamo. Somhi etarahi tamhā dāsabyā mutto attādhīno aparādhīno bhujisso yenakāmaṃgamo’ti. So tatonidānaṃ labhetha pāmojjaṃ, adhigaccheyya somanassaṃ.
222已对照
“大王,又犹如有人带着钱财、货物,行走在饥馑、有怖畏的荒漠长路上。他过些时候平安地越过那荒漠,安全到达安稳、无怖畏的村庄边地。他这样想:‘我先前带着钱财、货物,行走在饥馑、有怖畏的荒漠长路上。如今我已平安地越过那荒漠,安全到达了安稳、无怖畏的村庄边地。’他会由此因缘获得愉悦,得到喜悦。”
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso sadhano sabhogo kantāraddhānamaggaṃ paṭipajjeyya dubbhikkhaṃ sappaṭibhayaṃ. So aparena samayena taṃ kantāraṃ nitthareyya sotthinā, gāmantaṃ anupāpuṇeyya khemaṃ appaṭibhayaṃ. Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho pubbe sadhano sabhogo kantāraddhānamaggaṃ paṭipajjiṃ dubbhikkhaṃ sappaṭibhayaṃ. Somhi etarahi taṃ kantāraṃ nitthiṇṇo sotthinā, gāmantaṃ anuppatto khemaṃ appaṭibhaya’nti. So tatonidānaṃ labhetha pāmojjaṃ, adhigaccheyya somanassaṃ.
223已对照
“同样地,大王,比丘观见自己尚未舍断这五盖(pañcanīvaraṇā)时,就如同负债,如同疾病,如同监狱,如同奴隶的身份,如同荒漠长路。”
. ‘‘Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu yathā iṇaṃ yathā rogaṃ yathā bandhanāgāraṃ yathā dāsabyaṃ yathā kantāraddhānamaggaṃ, evaṃ ime pañca nīvaraṇe appahīne attani samanupassati.
224已对照
“大王,又犹如无债,犹如无病,犹如从监狱获释,犹如自由之身,犹如安稳之地;同样地,大王,比丘观见自己已经舍断了这五盖。”
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, yathā āṇaṇyaṃ yathā ārogyaṃ yathā bandhanāmokkhaṃ yathā bhujissaṃ yathā khemantabhūmiṃ; evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahīne attani samanupassati.
225已对照
“当他观见自己已舍断这五盖时,愉悦生起;愉悦者,喜(pīti)生起;意有喜者,身轻安;身轻安者,感受乐(sukha);有乐者,心得定(samādhi)。”
. ‘‘Tassime pañca nīvaraṇe pahīne attani samanupassato pāmojjaṃ jāyati, pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati.
初禅(paṭhamajjhāna)Paṭhamajjhānaṃ
226缅 1.70已对照
“他已离诸欲,离诸不善法,有寻(vitakka)、有伺(vicāra),离生喜、乐,成就并住于初禅。他以离生的喜、乐浸润、遍润、充满、遍满此身,其全身没有任何一处不被离生的喜、乐所遍满。”
. ‘‘So vivicceva kāmehi, vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So imameva kāyaṃ vivekajena pītisukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa vivekajena pītisukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti.
227PTS 1.74已对照
“大王,犹如熟练的搓澡工或搓澡工的学徒,把沐浴粉撒入铜盆中,一面反复地洒水,一面加以揉合,那沐浴粉团便为滋润所随行,为滋润所浸透,内外皆为滋润所遍满,却不流滴。同样地,大王,比丘以离生的喜、乐浸润、遍润、充满、遍满此身,其全身没有任何一处不被离生的喜、乐所遍满。大王,这也是现见的沙门果(sandiṭṭhikasāmaññaphala),比先前的那些现见沙门果更为卓越、更为殊胜。”
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, dakkho nhāpako vā nhāpakantevāsī vā kaṃsathāle nhānīyacuṇṇāni ākiritvā udakena paripphosakaṃ paripphosakaṃ sanneyya, sāyaṃ nhānīyapiṇḍi snehānugatā snehaparetā santarabāhirā phuṭā snehena, na ca paggharaṇī; evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ vivekajena pītisukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa vivekajena pītisukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
第二禅(dutiyajjhāna)Dutiyajjhānaṃ
228已对照
“再者,大王,比丘寻、伺寂止,内洁净,心专一性,无寻、无伺,定生喜、乐,成就并住于第二禅。他以定生的喜、乐浸润、遍润、充满、遍满此身,其全身没有任何一处不被定生的喜、乐所遍满。”
. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So imameva kāyaṃ samādhijena pītisukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa samādhijena pītisukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti.
229PTS 1.75缅 1.71已对照
“天也不时时降下大雨”改“天也不时时注入应时的水流”(sammādhāra 为应时、适度的水流,删无据的“大”字);注释同步更新
“大王,犹如有一泉水涌出的深水湖,它在东方没有进水口,在南方没有进水口,在西方没有进水口,在北方没有进水口,天也不时时注入应时的水流。而清凉的水流从那湖中涌出,以清凉之水浸润、遍润、充满、遍满那整个湖,全湖没有任何一处不被清凉之水所遍满。同样地,大王,比丘以定生的喜、乐浸润、遍润、充满、遍满此身,其全身没有任何一处不被定生的喜、乐所遍满。大王,这也是现见的沙门果,比先前的那些现见沙门果更为卓越、更为殊胜。”
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, udakarahado gambhīro ubbhidodako [ubbhitodako (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] tassa nevassa puratthimāya disāya udakassa āyamukhaṃ, na dakkhiṇāya disāya udakassa āyamukhaṃ, na pacchimāya disāya udakassa āyamukhaṃ, na uttarāya disāya udakassa āyamukhaṃ, devo ca na kālenakālaṃ sammādhāraṃ anuppaveccheyya. Atha kho tamhāva udakarahadā sītā vāridhārā ubbhijjitvā tameva udakarahadaṃ sītena vārinā abhisandeyya parisandeyya paripūreyya paripphareyya, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato udakarahadassa sītena vārinā apphuṭaṃ assa. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ samādhijena pītisukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa samādhijena pītisukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
第三禅(tatiyajjhāna)Tatiyajjhānaṃ
230已对照
“再者,大王,比丘离喜,住于舍(upekkhā),具念与正知,以身受乐,正如圣者们所说的:‘舍、具念、乐住。’成就并住于第三禅。他以无喜之乐浸润、遍润、充满、遍满此身,其全身没有任何一处不被无喜之乐所遍满。”
. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti, tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So imameva kāyaṃ nippītikena sukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa nippītikena sukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti.
231已对照
“大王,犹如在青莲(uppala)池、白莲(paduma)池或红莲(puṇḍarīka)池中,有一些青莲、白莲或红莲生于水中,长于水中,不出水面,沉浸在水中而得滋养,它们从顶端到根部都被清凉之水所浸润、遍润、充满、遍满,所有的青莲、白莲或红莲没有任何一处不被清凉之水所遍满。同样地,大王,比丘以无喜之乐浸润、遍润、充满、遍满此身,其全身没有任何一处不被无喜之乐所遍满。大王,这也是现见的沙门果,比先前的那些现见沙门果更为卓越、更为殊胜。”
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, uppaliniyaṃ vā paduminiyaṃ vā puṇḍarīkiniyaṃ vā appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni udakānuggatāni antonimuggaposīni, tāni yāva caggā yāva ca mūlā sītena vārinā abhisannāni parisannāni [abhisandāni parisandāni (ka.)] paripūrāni paripphuṭāni [paripphuṭṭhāni (pī.)], nāssa kiñci sabbāvataṃ uppalānaṃ vā padumānaṃ vā puṇḍarīkānaṃ vā sītena vārinā apphuṭaṃ assa; evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ nippītikena sukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa nippītikena sukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
第四禅(catutthajjhāna)Catutthajjhānaṃ
232PTS 1.76已对照
“再者,大王,比丘舍断乐与舍断苦,先前的喜、忧已经灭没,不苦不乐,舍念清净(upekkhāsatipārisuddhi),成就并住于第四禅。他以清净、洁白之心遍满此身而坐,其全身没有任何一处不被清净、洁白之心所遍满。”
. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā, pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, so imameva kāyaṃ parisuddhena cetasā pariyodātena pharitvā nisinno hoti, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa parisuddhena cetasā pariyodātena apphuṭaṃ hoti.
233缅 1.72已对照
“大王,犹如有人用白布连头覆盖全身而坐,其全身没有任何一处不被白布所覆盖。同样地,大王,比丘以清净、洁白之心遍满此身而坐,其全身没有任何一处不被清净、洁白之心所遍满。大王,这也是现见的沙门果,比先前的那些现见沙门果更为卓越、更为殊胜。”
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso odātena vatthena sasīsaṃ pārupitvā nisinno assa, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa odātena vatthena apphuṭaṃ assa; evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ parisuddhena cetasā pariyodātena pharitvā nisinno hoti, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa parisuddhena cetasā pariyodātena apphuṭaṃ hoti. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
观智(vipassanāñāṇa)Vipassanāñāṇaṃ
234已对照
“当他的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼(upakkilesa)、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于智见(ñāṇadassana)。他如此了知:‘我这个身体有色,由四大(cātumahābhūta)所成,为父母所生,由饭与粥堆积而成,是无常、涂拭、按摩、破坏、离散之法;而我这个识(viññāṇa)依止于此、系缚于此。’
. ‘‘So [puna caparaṃ mahārāja bhikkhu so (ka.)] evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte ñāṇadassanāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘ayaṃ kho me kāyo rūpī cātumahābhūtiko mātāpettikasambhavo odanakummāsūpacayo aniccucchādana-parimaddana-bhedana-viddhaṃsana-dhammo; idañca pana me viññāṇaṃ ettha sitaṃ ettha paṭibaddha’nti.
235PTS 1.77已对照
2026-09-06 · 我方跨段不一致accho vippasanno anāvilo 作「透明、清澈、无浊」(§235)/「澄澈、清净、无浊」(§249) → 统一「透明、澄澈、无浊」
依据:程式句全藏一译;不取「清净」以免与 parisuddha 撞车
“大王(mahārāja),犹如一颗琉璃宝珠(maṇiveḷuriya),美丽、纯正,有八个切面,善加琢磨,透明、澄澈、无浊,具足一切行相;其中穿着蓝色、黄色、红色、白色或淡黄色的线。有位具眼之人把它放在手中观察:‘这是一颗琉璃宝珠,美丽、纯正,有八个切面,善加琢磨,透明、澄澈、无浊,具足一切行相;其中穿着蓝色、黄色、红色、白色或淡黄色的线。’正是如此,大王,当比丘(bhikkhu)的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于智见。他如此了知:‘我这个身体有色,由四大所成,为父母所生,由饭与粥堆积而成,是无常、涂拭、按摩、破坏、离散之法;而我这个识依止于此、系缚于此。’大王,这也是现见的沙门果(sandiṭṭhikasāmaññaphala),比之前的诸现见沙门果更超越、更殊胜。
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato accho vippasanno anāvilo sabbākārasampanno. Tatrāssa suttaṃ āvutaṃ nīlaṃ vā pītaṃ vā lohitaṃ vā [pītakaṃ vā lohitakaṃ vā (ka.)] odātaṃ vā paṇḍusuttaṃ vā. Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso hatthe karitvā paccavekkheyya – ‘ayaṃ kho maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato accho vippasanno anāvilo sabbākārasampanno; tatridaṃ suttaṃ āvutaṃ nīlaṃ vā pītaṃ vā lohitaṃ vā odātaṃ vā paṇḍusuttaṃ vā’ti. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte ñāṇadassanāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘ayaṃ kho me kāyo rūpī cātumahābhūtiko mātāpettikasambhavo odanakummāsūpacayo aniccucchādanaparimaddanabhedanaviddhaṃsanadhammo; idañca pana me viññāṇaṃ ettha sitaṃ ettha paṭibaddha’nti. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
意所成神变智(manomayiddhiñāṇa)Manomayiddhiñāṇaṃ
236缅 1.73已对照
“当他的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于化作意所成身(manomayakāya)。他从此身化作出另一个身:有色、意所成、具足一切大小肢节、诸根无缺。
. ‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte manomayaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimmānāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So imamhā kāyā aññaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimmināti rūpiṃ manomayaṃ sabbaṅgapaccaṅgiṃ ahīnindriyaṃ.
237已对照
“大王,犹如有人从蒙迦草(muñja)中抽出苇茎(īsikā)。他会这样想:‘这是蒙迦草,这是苇茎;蒙迦草是一回事,苇茎是另一回事,苇茎正是从蒙迦草中抽出来的。’又犹如,大王,有人从鞘中拔出剑。他会这样想:‘这是剑,这是鞘;剑是一回事,鞘是另一回事,剑正是从鞘中拔出来的。’又犹如,大王,有人把蛇从蛇箧(karaṇḍa)中取出。他会这样想:‘这是蛇,这是箧;蛇是一回事,箧是另一回事,蛇正是从箧中取出来的。’正是如此,大王,当比丘的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于化作意所成身。他从此身化作出另一个身:有色、意所成、具足一切大小肢节、诸根无缺。大王,这也是现见的沙门果,比之前的诸现见沙门果更超越、更殊胜。
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso muñjamhā īsikaṃ pavāheyya [pabbāheyya (syā. ka.)]. Tassa evamassa – ‘ayaṃ muñjo, ayaṃ īsikā, añño muñjo, aññā īsikā, muñjamhā tveva īsikā pavāḷhā’ti [pabbāḷhāti (syā. ka.)]. Seyyathā vā pana, mahārāja, puriso asiṃ kosiyā pavāheyya. Tassa evamassa – ‘ayaṃ asi, ayaṃ kosi, añño asi, aññā kosi, kosiyā tveva asi pavāḷho’’ti. Seyyathā vā pana, mahārāja, puriso ahiṃ karaṇḍā uddhareyya. Tassa evamassa – ‘ayaṃ ahi, ayaṃ karaṇḍo. Añño ahi, añño karaṇḍo, karaṇḍā tveva ahi ubbhato’ti [uddharito (syā. kaṃ.)]. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte manomayaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimmānāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So imamhā kāyā aññaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimmināti rūpiṃ manomayaṃ sabbaṅgapaccaṅgiṃ ahīnindriyaṃ. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
神变智(iddhividhañāṇa)Iddhividhañāṇaṃ
238PTS 1.78缅 1.74已对照
加注:abhijjamāne 直译“于不破裂的水上行走”,存原文形象(第239段同)
“当他的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于种种神变(iddhividha)。他体验多种神变:一身能变成多身,多身能合成一身;或显现,或隐没;穿越墙壁、垣墙、山岳,无所障碍,犹如在虚空中;出没于大地之中,犹如在水中;在水上行走而不沉没,犹如在地上;在虚空中结跏趺坐而行,犹如有翼之鸟;甚至以手触摸、抚摸有如此大神力、大威德的日月;以身自在通行,直到梵天界(brahmaloka)。
. ‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte iddhividhāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti – ekopi hutvā bahudhā hoti, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hoti; āvibhāvaṃ tirobhāvaṃ tirokuṭṭaṃ tiropākāraṃ tiropabbataṃ asajjamāno gacchati seyyathāpi ākāse. Pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karoti seyyathāpi udake. Udakepi abhijjamāne gacchati [abhijjamāno (sī. ka.)] seyyathāpi pathaviyā. Ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamati seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo. Imepi candimasūriye evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve pāṇinā parāmasati parimajjati. Yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteti.
239PTS 1.79已对照
“大王,犹如熟练的陶工或陶工的弟子,能以善加调制的黏土,随其所欲做成、完成各种陶器。又犹如,大王,熟练的象牙匠或象牙匠的弟子,能以善加处理的象牙,随其所欲做成、完成各种象牙制品。又犹如,大王,熟练的金匠或金匠的弟子,能以善加锻炼的黄金,随其所欲做成、完成各种金器。正是如此,大王,当比丘的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于种种神变。他体验多种神变:一身能变成多身,多身能合成一身;或显现,或隐没;穿越墙壁、垣墙、山岳,无所障碍,犹如在虚空中;出没于大地之中,犹如在水中;在水上行走而不沉没,犹如在地上;在虚空中结跏趺坐而行,犹如有翼之鸟;甚至以手触摸、抚摸有如此大神力、大威德的日月;以身自在通行,直到梵天界。大王,这也是现见的沙门果,比之前的诸现见沙门果更超越、更殊胜。
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, dakkho kumbhakāro vā kumbhakārantevāsī vā suparikammakatāya mattikāya yaṃ yadeva bhājanavikatiṃ ākaṅkheyya, taṃ tadeva kareyya abhinipphādeyya. Seyyathā vā pana, mahārāja, dakkho dantakāro vā dantakārantevāsī vā suparikammakatasmiṃ dantasmiṃ yaṃ yadeva dantavikatiṃ ākaṅkheyya, taṃ tadeva kareyya abhinipphādeyya. Seyyathā vā pana, mahārāja, dakkho suvaṇṇakāro vā suvaṇṇakārantevāsī vā suparikammakatasmiṃ suvaṇṇasmiṃ yaṃ yadeva suvaṇṇavikatiṃ ākaṅkheyya, taṃ tadeva kareyya abhinipphādeyya. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte iddhividhāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti – ekopi hutvā bahudhā hoti, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hoti; āvibhāvaṃ tirobhāvaṃ tirokuṭṭaṃ tiropākāraṃ tiropabbataṃ asajjamāno gacchati seyyathāpi ākāse. Pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karoti seyyathāpi udake. Udakepi abhijjamāne gacchati seyyathāpi pathaviyā. Ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamati seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo. Imepi candimasūriye evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve pāṇinā parāmasati parimajjati. Yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteti. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
天耳界智(dibbasotañāṇa)Dibbasotañāṇaṃ
240已对照
“当他的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于天耳界(dibbāsotadhātu)。他以清净、超人的天耳界,听见天的与人的两种声音,无论远的还是近的。
. ‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte dibbāya sotadhātuyā cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya ubho sadde suṇāti dibbe ca mānuse ca ye dūre santike ca.
241缅 1.75已对照
“大王,犹如有人行走在大道上,他听见大鼓声、腰鼓声,以及螺贝声、铙鼓声、小鼓声。他会这样想:‘这是大鼓声’‘这是腰鼓声’‘这是螺贝、铙鼓、小鼓之声’。正是如此,大王,当比丘的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于天耳界。他以清净、超人的天耳界,听见天的与人的两种声音,无论远的还是近的。大王,这也是现见的沙门果,比之前的诸现见沙门果更超越、更殊胜。
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso addhānamaggappaṭipanno. So suṇeyya bherisaddampi mudiṅgasaddampi [mutiṅgasaddampi (sī. pī.)] saṅkhapaṇavadindimasaddampi [saṅkhapaṇavadeṇḍimasaddampi (sī. pī.), saṅkhasaddaṃpi paṇavasaddaṃpi dendimasaddaṃpi (syā. kaṃ.)]. Tassa evamassa – ‘bherisaddo’ itipi, ‘mudiṅgasaddo’ itipi, ‘saṅkhapaṇavadindimasaddo’ itipi [saṅkhasaddo itipi paṇavasaddo itipi dendimasaddo itipi (syā. kaṃ.)]. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte dibbāya sotadhātuyā cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya ubho sadde suṇāti dibbe ca mānuse ca ye dūre santike ca. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
他心智(cetopariyañāṇa)Cetopariyañāṇaṃ
242PTS 1.80已对照
“当他的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于他心智(cetopariyañāṇa)。他以自己的心遍知其他众生、其他人的心:有贪的心,了知为‘有贪的心’;离贪的心,了知为‘离贪的心’;有瞋的心,了知为‘有瞋的心’;离瞋的心,了知为‘离瞋的心’;有痴的心,了知为‘有痴的心’;离痴的心,了知为‘离痴的心’;萎缩的心,了知为‘萎缩的心’;散乱的心,了知为‘散乱的心’;广大的心,了知为‘广大的心’;不广大的心,了知为‘不广大的心’;有上的心,了知为‘有上的心’;无上的心,了知为‘无上的心’;得定的心,了知为‘得定的心’;无定的心,了知为‘无定的心’;解脱的心,了知为‘解脱的心’;未解脱的心,了知为‘未解脱的心’。
. ‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte cetopariyañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti – sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sarāgaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vītarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītarāgaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, sadosaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sadosaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vītadosaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītadosaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, samohaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘samohaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vītamohaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītamohaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, saṅkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘saṅkhittaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vikkhittaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, mahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ ‘mahaggataṃ citta’nti pajānāti, amahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ ‘amahaggataṃ citta’nti pajānāti, sauttaraṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sauttaraṃ citta’nti pajānāti, anuttaraṃ vā cittaṃ ‘anuttaraṃ citta’nti pajānāti, samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘samāhitaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, asamāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘asamāhitaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vimuttaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘avimuttaṃ citta’nti pajānāti.
243PTS 1.81缅 1.76已对照
依巴利语序 itthī vā puriso vā 改“年轻男子或女子”为“年轻女子或男子”
“大王,犹如喜好装饰的年轻女子或男子,在清净、皎洁的镜中,或在澄澈的水钵中,观察自己的面容:若有斑点,便知道‘有斑点’;若无斑点,便知道‘无斑点’。正是如此,大王,当比丘的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于他心智。他以自己的心遍知其他众生、其他人的心:有贪的心,了知为‘有贪的心’;离贪的心,了知为‘离贪的心’;有瞋的心,了知为‘有瞋的心’;离瞋的心,了知为‘离瞋的心’;有痴的心,了知为‘有痴的心’;离痴的心,了知为‘离痴的心’;萎缩的心,了知为‘萎缩的心’;散乱的心,了知为‘散乱的心’;广大的心,了知为‘广大的心’;不广大的心,了知为‘不广大的心’;有上的心,了知为‘有上的心’;无上的心,了知为‘无上的心’;得定的心,了知为‘得定的心’;无定的心,了知为‘无定的心’;解脱的心,了知为‘解脱的心’;未解脱的心,了知为‘未解脱的心’。大王,这也是现见的沙门果,比之前的诸现见沙门果更超越、更殊胜。
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, itthī vā puriso vā daharo yuvā maṇḍanajātiko ādāse vā parisuddhe pariyodāte acche vā udakapatte sakaṃ mukhanimittaṃ paccavekkhamāno sakaṇikaṃ vā ‘sakaṇika’nti jāneyya, akaṇikaṃ vā ‘akaṇika’nti jāneyya; evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte cetopariyañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti – sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sarāgaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vītarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītarāgaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, sadosaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sadosaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vītadosaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītadosaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, samohaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘samohaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vītamohaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītamohaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, saṅkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘saṅkhittaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vikkhittaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, mahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ ‘mahaggataṃ citta’nti pajānāti, amahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ ‘amahaggataṃ citta’nti pajānāti, sauttaraṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sauttaraṃ citta’nti pajānāti, anuttaraṃ vā cittaṃ ‘anuttaraṃ citta’nti pajānāti, samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘samāhitaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, asamāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘asamāhitaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vimuttaṃ citta’’nti pajānāti, avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘avimuttaṃ citta’nti pajānāti. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
宿住随念智(pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇa)Pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ
244缅 1.77已对照
“当他的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于宿住随念智(pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇa)。他回忆起许多种宿住,即:一生、二生、三生、四生、五生、十生、二十生、三十生、四十生、五十生、一百生、一千生、十万生、许多坏劫(saṃvaṭṭakappa)、许多成劫(vivaṭṭakappa)、许多坏成劫(saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappa)——‘我在那里有如此的名字、如此的种姓、如此的容貌、如此的食物,经历如此的苦乐,有如此的寿量;从那里死后,投生到那里;在那里又有如此的名字、如此的种姓、如此的容貌、如此的食物,经历如此的苦乐,有如此的寿量;从那里死后,投生到这里。’如此,他回忆起具有行相、具有细节的许多种宿住。
. ‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe, ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati.
245PTS 1.82已对照
“大王,犹如有人从自己的村庄前往另一个村庄,又从那个村庄前往另一个村庄,然后他从那个村庄回到自己的村庄。他会这样想:‘我从自己的村庄去了某个村庄,在那里如此站立、如此坐着、如此说话、如此沉默;又从那个村庄去了某个村庄,在那里也如此站立、如此坐着、如此说话、如此沉默;然后我从那个村庄回到了自己的村庄。’正是如此,大王,当比丘的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于宿住随念智。他回忆起许多种宿住,即:一生、二生、三生、四生、五生、十生、二十生、三十生、四十生、五十生、一百生、一千生、十万生、许多坏劫、许多成劫、许多坏成劫——‘我在那里有如此的名字、如此的种姓、如此的容貌、如此的食物,经历如此的苦乐,有如此的寿量;从那里死后,投生到那里;在那里又有如此的名字、如此的种姓、如此的容貌、如此的食物,经历如此的苦乐,有如此的寿量;从那里死后,投生到这里。’如此,他回忆起具有行相、具有细节的许多种宿住。大王,这也是现见的沙门果,比之前的诸现见沙门果更超越、更殊胜。
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso sakamhā gāmā aññaṃ gāmaṃ gaccheyya, tamhāpi gāmā aññaṃ gāmaṃ gaccheyya. So tamhā gāmā sakaṃyeva gāmaṃ paccāgaccheyya. Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho sakamhā gāmā amuṃ gāmaṃ agacchiṃ [agañchiṃ (syā. kaṃ.)], tatrāpi evaṃ aṭṭhāsiṃ, evaṃ nisīdiṃ, evaṃ abhāsiṃ, evaṃ tuṇhī ahosiṃ, tamhāpi gāmā amuṃ gāmaṃ agacchiṃ, tatrāpi evaṃ aṭṭhāsiṃ, evaṃ nisīdiṃ, evaṃ abhāsiṃ, evaṃ tuṇhī ahosiṃ, somhi tamhā gāmā sakaṃyeva gāmaṃ paccāgato’ti. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe, ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti, iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
天眼智(dibbacakkhuñāṇa)Dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ
246PTS 1.83缅 1.78已对照
“当他的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于众生死生智(sattānaṃcutūpapātañāṇa)。他以清净、超人的天眼(dibbacakkhu),看见众生的死亡与投生:或低贱或高贵,或美丽或丑陋,或善趣或恶趣,了知众生随业而去——‘这些众生确实具足身恶行、具足语恶行、具足意恶行,诽谤圣者,持邪见,受持邪见之业;他们身坏命终之后,投生于苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。而这些众生具足身善行、具足语善行、具足意善行,不诽谤圣者,持正见,受持正见之业;他们身坏命终之后,投生于善趣、天界。’如此,他以清净、超人的天眼,看见众生的死亡与投生:或低贱或高贵,或美丽或丑陋,或善趣或恶趣,了知众生随业而去。
. ‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate, yathākammūpage satte pajānāti – ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā. Te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā. Ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate, yathākammūpage satte pajānāti.
247缅 1.79已对照
“大王,犹如在十字街头中央有一座高楼,有位具眼之人站在其上,能看见人们走进房屋、走出房屋、沿着车道在街上往来,以及坐在十字街头中央。他会这样想:‘这些人走进房屋,这些人走出来,这些人沿着车道在街上往来,这些人坐在十字街头中央。’正是如此,大王,当比丘的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于众生死生智。他以清净、超人的天眼,看见众生的死亡与投生:或低贱或高贵,或美丽或丑陋,或善趣或恶趣,了知众生随业而去——‘这些众生确实具足身恶行、具足语恶行、具足意恶行,诽谤圣者,持邪见,受持邪见之业;他们身坏命终之后,投生于苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。而这些众生具足身善行、具足语善行、具足意善行,不诽谤圣者,持正见,受持正见之业;他们身坏命终之后,投生于善趣、天界。’如此,他以清净、超人的天眼,看见众生的死亡与投生:或低贱或高贵,或美丽或丑陋,或善趣或恶趣,了知众生随业而去。大王,这也是现见的沙门果,比之前的诸现见沙门果更超越、更殊胜。
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, majjhe siṅghāṭake pāsādo. Tattha cakkhumā puriso ṭhito passeyya manusse gehaṃ pavisantepi nikkhamantepi rathikāyapi vīthiṃ sañcarante [rathiyāpī rathiṃ sañcarante (sī.), rathiyāya vithiṃ sañcarantepi (syā.)] majjhe siṅghāṭake nisinnepi. Tassa evamassa – ‘ete manussā gehaṃ pavisanti, ete nikkhamanti, ete rathikāya vīthiṃ sañcaranti, ete majjhe siṅghāṭake nisinnā’ti. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate, yathākammūpage satte pajānāti – ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā. Ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā. Te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate; yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. ‘Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
漏尽智(āsavakkhayañāṇa)Āsavakkhayañāṇaṃ
248PTS 1.84已对照
“当他的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于漏尽智(āsavakkhayañāṇa)。他如实了知‘此是苦’,如实了知‘此是苦之集’,如实了知‘此是苦之灭’,如实了知‘此是导至苦灭之道’;如实了知‘此是诸漏(āsava)’,如实了知‘此是漏之集’,如实了知‘此是漏之灭’,如实了知‘此是导至漏灭之道’。当他如此知、如此见时,心从欲漏解脱,心从有漏解脱,心从无明漏解脱;于解脱时,有‘已解脱’之智。他了知:‘生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,再无后有。’
. ‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So idaṃ dukkhanti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ dukkhasamudayoti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ dukkhanirodhoti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Ime āsavāti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ āsavasamudayoti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ āsavanirodhoti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, ‘vimuttasmiṃ vimuttami’ti ñāṇaṃ hoti, ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti.
249PTS 1.85缅 1.80已对照
pabbatasaṅkhepa“山顶”改“山间凹处”(依义注及诸家英译 mountain glen),“山顶”降为注中异解;注释同步更新
2026-09-06 · 我方跨段不一致accho vippasanno anāvilo 作「透明、清澈、无浊」(§235)/「澄澈、清净、无浊」(§249) → 统一「透明、澄澈、无浊」
依据:程式句全藏一译;不取「清净」以免与 parisuddha 撞车
“大王,犹如山间凹处有一个湖泊,透明、澄澈、无浊。有位具眼之人站在岸边,能看见牡蛎和贝壳、砂砾和卵石,以及游动的、停住的鱼群。他会这样想:‘这个湖泊透明、澄澈、无浊,其中有这些牡蛎和贝壳、砂砾和卵石,以及游动的、停住的鱼群。’正是如此,大王,当比丘的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于漏尽智。他如实了知‘此是苦’,如实了知‘此是苦之集’,如实了知‘此是苦之灭’,如实了知‘此是导至苦灭之道’;如实了知‘此是诸漏’,如实了知‘此是漏之集’,如实了知‘此是漏之灭’,如实了知‘此是导至漏灭之道’。当他如此知、如此见时,心从欲漏解脱,心从有漏解脱,心从无明漏解脱;于解脱时,有‘已解脱’之智。他了知:‘生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,再无后有。’大王,这是现见的沙门果,比之前的诸现见沙门果更超越、更殊胜。而且,大王,比这现见的沙门果更上、更殊胜的其他现见沙门果,是没有的。”
. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, pabbatasaṅkhepe udakarahado accho vippasanno anāvilo. Tattha cakkhumā puriso tīre ṭhito passeyya sippisambukampi sakkharakathalampi macchagumbampi carantampi tiṭṭhantampi. Tassa evamassa – ‘ayaṃ kho udakarahado accho vippasanno anāvilo. Tatrime sippisambukāpi sakkharakathalāpi macchagumbāpi carantipi tiṭṭhantipī’ti. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. ‘So idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. ‘Ime āsavāti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ āsavasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ āsavanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, ‘vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti, ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti. Idaṃ kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca. Imasmā ca pana, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikā sāmaññaphalā aññaṃ sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ uttaritaraṃ vā paṇītataraṃ vā natthī’’ti.
阿阇世(Ajātasattu)表明为优婆塞(upāsaka)Ajātasattuupāsakattapaṭivedanā
250已对照
如是说时,摩揭陀(Magadha)国王韦提希子(Vedehiputta)阿阇世对世尊(Bhagavā)如此说:“奇哉!尊者(bhante),奇哉!尊者。尊者,犹如把倒覆的扶起,把遮蔽的揭开,为迷路者指示道路,在黑暗中持来油灯,使有眼者得见诸色。正是如此,世尊以种种方式开显了法。尊者,我皈依(saraṇa)世尊、法(dhamma)与比丘僧团(bhikkhusaṅgha)。愿世尊忆持我为优婆塞,从今日起,终生皈依。尊者,罪过战胜了我,如愚者、如痴者、如不善者——我竟为了王权的缘故,剥夺了如法的法王、我父亲的生命。尊者,愿世尊接受我的罪过为罪过,以便在将来防护。”
. Evaṃ vutte, rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante, abhikkantaṃ, bhante. Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gataṃ. Accayo maṃ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathāakusalaṃ, yohaṃ pitaraṃ dhammikaṃ dhammarājānaṃ issariyakāraṇā jīvitā voropesiṃ. Tassa me, bhante bhagavā accayaṃ accayato paṭiggaṇhātu āyatiṃ saṃvarāyā’’ti.
251已对照
“确实,大王,罪过战胜了你,如愚者、如痴者、如不善者——你竟剥夺了如法的法王、你父亲的生命。但是,大王,由于你见罪过为罪过而如法悔改,我们接受你的悔过。大王,凡是见罪过为罪过而如法悔改、于将来防护者,这在圣者之律中就是增长。”
. ‘‘Taggha tvaṃ, mahārāja, accayo accagamā yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathāakusalaṃ, yaṃ tvaṃ pitaraṃ dhammikaṃ dhammarājānaṃ jīvitā voropesi. Yato ca kho tvaṃ, mahārāja, accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikarosi, taṃ te mayaṃ paṭiggaṇhāma. Vuddhihesā, mahārāja, ariyassa vinaye, yo accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikaroti, āyatiṃ saṃvaraṃ āpajjatī’’ti.
252缅 1.81已对照
如是说时,摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世对世尊如此说:“尊者,现在我们要告辞了,我们事务繁忙,有许多应做的事。”“大王,现在请随你认为适时[而做]吧。”于是,摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世欢喜、随喜世尊之所说,从座位起来,礼敬世尊,右绕之后离去。
. Evaṃ vutte, rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘handa ca dāni mayaṃ, bhante, gacchāma bahukiccā mayaṃ bahukaraṇīyā’’ti. ‘‘Yassadāni tvaṃ, mahārāja, kālaṃ maññasī’’ti. Atha kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
253PTS 1.86已对照
在摩揭陀国王韦提希子阿阇世离去不久,世尊对比丘们说:“诸比丘,这位王已损伤了自己!诸比丘,这位王已毁伤了自己!诸比丘,假如这位王没有剥夺如法的法王、他父亲的生命,他就能在这个座位上生起远尘离垢的法眼(dhammacakkhu)。”世尊如此说。那些比丘满意、欢喜世尊之所说。
. Atha kho bhagavā acirapakkantassa rañño māgadhassa ajātasattussa vedehiputtassa bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘khatāyaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā. Upahatāyaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā. Sacāyaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā pitaraṃ dhammikaṃ dhammarājānaṃ jīvitā na voropessatha, imasmiññeva āsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ uppajjissathā’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
已对照
第二《沙门果经》完。
Sāmaññaphalasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dutiyaṃ.
经末导读 · 编者所加,非经文
人物名册
世尊——时住王舍城耆婆芒果园,与一千二百五十位比丘共住。阿阇世王(Ajātasattu)——摩揭陀国王,韦提希子;为夺王位弑父,心怀悔惧,是本经的发问者。耆婆·童子医(Jīvaka Komārabhacca)——名医,王的侍从,引荐王往诣佛陀。六师——富兰那·迦叶、末伽梨·拘舍梨、阿耆多·翅舍钦婆罗、婆浮陀·迦旃延、尼乾陀·若提子、删阇耶·毘罗胝子,王曾遍问而不得其解。频婆娑罗王(Bimbisāra)——王之亡父,如法的法王,于经末被追述。
地点与缘起
王舍城耆婆芒果园。布萨月圆之夜,王于高楼感叹月夜清明,群臣各荐六师,唯耆婆荐佛。王乘象夜行,近园时因寂静无声而生疑惧,入园见僧团默然如澄湖,乃发问:世间百工皆有现前可见的职业果报,出家沙门行,能否指出同样"现见的沙门果"?
结构脉络
本经以"现见沙门果"一问贯穿始终,答案层层升进:先述六师旧答(六种学说,答非所问,"问芒果而答面包果");次以奴仆出家、农夫出家二喻答第一、第二现见沙门果(出家者即刻获得的人身敬护);再展开更胜妙的次第——如来出世、闻法出家、小中大戒具足、根律仪、念与正知、知足、舍断五盖(五喻:负债、疾病、牢狱、奴役、旷野)、初禅至第四禅(四喻:揉皂粉团、深潭涌泉、莲池、白布覆身)、乃至八智(观智、意所成神变智、神变智、天耳界智、他心智、宿住随念智、天眼智、漏尽智),终至四圣谛现观、诸漏解脱——"不受后有"。经末王自皈依、忏悔弑父之罪,佛言:若王未弑其父,即于此座当生远尘离垢法眼。
中心思想
出家修行的果报不必等到来世——从出家即得的人身自由与敬护,到戒、定、慧、解脱,每一层都是"现生、当下"可以亲见的果。与六师含混其辞相对照,佛陀给出的是一条次第分明、逐级可验的完整道路。经末的转折同时开显业的严峻:弑父的无间业障蔽了王本可现证的法眼——果报现见,障道亦现见。
关键术语
现见沙门果(sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ):现生当下可亲见的出家果报,全经之眼。戒蕴(sīlakkhandha):小戒、中戒、大戒三节,本品(戒蕴品)因之得名。五盖(pañca nīvaraṇā):贪欲、瞋恚、昏沉睡眠、掉举追悔、疑,舍断而后得定。八智:自观智至漏尽智,依第四禅心之清净柔软而次第引发。无间业:弑父之业,即障圣道,经末之诫。