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长部第22经 · 大念处经 Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ

372PTS 2.290缅 2.231已对照

九、大念处经 三七二、如是我闻:一时,世尊住在拘楼国(Kuru),[有]一座名叫剑磨瑟昙(Kammāsadhamma)的拘楼人市镇。世尊在那里对比丘们说:“诸比丘。”“尊者。”那些比丘回答世尊。世尊这样说:

372. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kurūsu viharati kammāsadhammaṃ nāma kurūnaṃ nigamo. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhaddante’’ti [bhadanteti (sī. syā. pī.)] te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
Uddeso
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略说 三七三、“诸比丘,此是唯一之道(ekāyano maggo),为令众生清净,为超越愁与悲,为灭没苦与忧,为证得正理(ñāya),为现证涅槃,此即四念处。 “哪四种呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘于身随观身而住,热勤(ātāpī)、正知、具念,调伏世间的贪与忧;于诸受随观受而住,热勤、正知、具念,调伏世间的贪与忧;于心随观心而住,热勤、正知、具念,调伏世间的贪与忧;于诸法随观法而住,热勤、正知、具念,调伏世间的贪与忧。 略说终。

373. ‘‘Ekāyano ayaṃ, bhikkhave, maggo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā, sokaparidevānaṃ samatikkamāya dukkhadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamāya ñāyassa adhigamāya nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya, yadidaṃ cattāro satipaṭṭhānā.
‘‘Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ, vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ, citte cittānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ, dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ.
Uddeso niṭṭhito.
Kāyānupassanā ānāpānapabbaṃ
374PTS 2.291缅 2.232已对照

身随观·入出息节 三七四、“诸比丘,比丘如何于身随观身而住呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘前往林野、或前往树下、或前往空闲处,结跏趺而坐,保持其身正直,使念现起于面前。他只是具念地入息,只是具念地出息。入息长时,了知‘我入息长’;出息长时,了知‘我出息长’。入息短时,了知‘我入息短’;出息短时,了知‘我出息短’。他学:‘我将觉知全身而入息’;他学:‘我将觉知全身而出息’。他学:‘我将令身行止息而入息’;他学:‘我将令身行止息而出息’。 “诸比丘,犹如熟练的辘轳匠或辘轳匠的弟子,[车]转长时了知‘我[车]转长’,[车]转短时了知‘我[车]转短’;诸比丘,同样地,比丘入息长时,了知‘我入息长’;出息长时,了知‘我出息长’;入息短时,了知‘我入息短’;出息短时,了知‘我出息短’。他学:‘我将觉知全身而入息’;他学:‘我将觉知全身而出息’;他学:‘我将令身行止息而入息’;他学:‘我将令身行止息而出息’。 “如是,或于内身随观身而住,或于外身随观身而住,或于内外身随观身而住;或于身随观集法而住,或于身随观坏灭法而住,或于身随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有身’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是于身随观身而住。 入出息节终。

374. ‘‘Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu araññagato vā rukkhamūlagato vā suññāgāragato vā nisīdati pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. So satova assasati, satova passasati. Dīghaṃ vā assasanto ‘dīghaṃ assasāmī’ti pajānāti, dīghaṃ vā passasanto ‘dīghaṃ passasāmī’ti pajānāti. Rassaṃ vā assasanto ‘rassaṃ assasāmī’ti pajānāti, rassaṃ vā passasanto ‘rassaṃ passasāmī’ti pajānāti. ‘Sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī assasissāmī’ti sikkhati, ‘sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī passasissāmī’ti sikkhati. ‘Passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ assasissāmī’ti sikkhati, ‘passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ passasissāmī’ti sikkhati.
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, dakkho bhamakāro vā bhamakārantevāsī vā dīghaṃ vā añchanto ‘dīghaṃ añchāmī’ti pajānāti, rassaṃ vā añchanto ‘rassaṃ añchāmī’ti pajānāti evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dīghaṃ vā assasanto ‘dīghaṃ assasāmī’ti pajānāti, dīghaṃ vā passasanto ‘dīghaṃ passasāmī’ti pajānāti, rassaṃ vā assasanto ‘rassaṃ assasāmī’ti pajānāti, rassaṃ vā passasanto ‘rassaṃ passasāmī’ti pajānāti. ‘Sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī assasissāmī’ti sikkhati, ‘sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī passasissāmī’ti sikkhati, ‘passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ assasissāmī’ti sikkhati, ‘passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ passasissāmī’ti sikkhati. Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati. Samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati. ‘Atthi kāyo’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho [evampi (sī. syā. pī.)], bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.
Ānāpānapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
Kāyānupassanā iriyāpathapabbaṃ
375缅 2.233已对照

身随观·威仪路节 三七五、“再者,诸比丘,比丘行走时,了知‘我在行走’;站立时,了知‘我站立着’;坐着时,了知‘我坐着’;躺卧时,了知‘我躺卧着’。或者,他的身体安置成什么样子,他就如其样子而了知。 “如是,或于内身随观身而住,或于外身随观身而住,或于内外身随观身而住;或于身随观集法而住,或于身随观坏灭法而住,或于身随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有身’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是于身随观身而住。 威仪路节终。

375. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gacchanto vā ‘gacchāmī’ti pajānāti, ṭhito vā ‘ṭhitomhī’ti pajānāti, nisinno vā ‘nisinnomhī’ti pajānāti, sayāno vā ‘sayānomhī’ti pajānāti, yathā yathā vā panassa kāyo paṇihito hoti, tathā tathā naṃ pajānāti. Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati. Samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati. ‘Atthi kāyo’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.
Iriyāpathapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
Kāyānupassanā sampajānapabbaṃ
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身随观·正知节 三七六、“再者,诸比丘,比丘于前进、后退时是正知而行者,于前视、旁视时是正知而行者,于屈、伸时是正知而行者,于持僧伽梨、钵与衣时是正知而行者,于食、饮、嚼、尝时是正知而行者,于大小便利时是正知而行者,于行、住、坐、卧、醒、语、默时是正知而行者。 “如是,或于内身随观身而住,或于外身随观身而住,或于内外身随观身而住;或于身随观集法而住,或于身随观坏灭法而住,或于身随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有身’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是于身随观身而住。 正知节终。

376. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu abhikkante paṭikkante sampajānakārī hoti, ālokite vilokite sampajānakārī hoti, samiñjite pasārite sampajānakārī hoti, saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇe sampajānakārī hoti, asite pīte khāyite sāyite sampajānakārī hoti, uccārapassāvakamme sampajānakārī hoti, gate ṭhite nisinne sutte jāgarite bhāsite tuṇhībhāve sampajānakārī hoti. Iti ajjhattaṃ vā…pe… evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.
Sampajānapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
Kāyānupassanā paṭikūlamanasikārapabbaṃ
377PTS 2.294缅 2.234已对照

身随观·厌恶作意节 三七七、“再者,诸比丘,比丘就这个身体,从脚底以上、从发端以下、以皮为边际,观察它充满种种不净:‘在这身中有:头发、体毛、指甲、牙齿、皮肤,肉、腱、骨、骨髓、肾,心、肝、肋膜、脾、肺,肠、肠间膜、胃中物、粪,胆汁、痰、脓、血、汗、脂肪,泪、膏、唾、涕、关节滑液、尿。’ “诸比丘,犹如有两口的袋子,装满种种谷物,即:粳米、稻谷、绿豆、黑豆、芝麻、精米;有眼的人解开它观察:‘这是粳米,这是稻谷,这是绿豆,这是黑豆,这是芝麻,这是精米。’诸比丘,同样地,比丘就这个身体,从脚底以上、从发端以下、以皮为边际,观察它充满种种不净:‘在这身中有:头发、体毛……乃至……尿。’ “如是,或于内身随观身而住,或于外身随观身而住,或于内外身随观身而住;或于身随观集法而住,或于身随观坏灭法而住,或于身随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有身’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是于身随观身而住。 厌恶作意节终。

377. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ uddhaṃ pādatalā adho kesamatthakā tacapariyantaṃ pūraṃ nānappakārassa asucino paccavekkhati – ‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye kesā lomā nakhā dantā taco, maṃsaṃ nhāru aṭṭhi aṭṭhimiñjaṃ vakkaṃ, hadayaṃ yakanaṃ kilomakaṃ pihakaṃ papphāsaṃ, antaṃ antaguṇaṃ udariyaṃ karīsaṃ [karīsaṃ matthaluṅgaṃ (ka.)], pittaṃ semhaṃ pubbo lohitaṃ sedo medo, assu vasā kheḷo siṅghāṇikā lasikā mutta’nti.
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ubhatomukhā putoḷi [mūtoḷī (syā.), mutoli (pī.)] pūrā nānāvihitassa dhaññassa, seyyathidaṃ sālīnaṃ vīhīnaṃ muggānaṃ māsānaṃ tilānaṃ taṇḍulānaṃ. Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso muñcitvā paccavekkheyya – ‘ime sālī, ime vīhī ime muggā ime māsā ime tilā ime taṇḍulā’ti. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ uddhaṃ pādatalā adho kesamatthakā tacapariyantaṃ pūraṃ nānappakārassa asucino paccavekkhati – ‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye kesā lomā…pe… mutta’nti.
Iti ajjhattaṃ vā…pe… evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.
Paṭikūlamanasikārapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
Kāyānupassanā dhātumanasikārapabbaṃ
378PTS 2.295已对照

身随观·界作意节 三七八、“再者,诸比丘,比丘就这个身体,如其所住、如其所置,以界观察它:‘在这身中有地界、水界、火界、风界。’ “诸比丘,犹如熟练的屠牛者或屠牛者的弟子,宰了母牛,在四衢大道上把它分成一块块地坐着;诸比丘,同样地,比丘就这个身体,如其所住、如其所置,以界观察它:‘在这身中有地界、水界、火界、风界。’ “如是,或于内身随观身而住,或于外身随观身而住,或于内外身随观身而住;或于身随观集法而住,或于身随观坏灭法而住,或于身随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有身’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是于身随观身而住。 界作意节终。

378. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ yathāṭhitaṃ yathāpaṇihitaṃ dhātuso paccavekkhati – ‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti.
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, dakkho goghātako vā goghātakantevāsī vā gāviṃ vadhitvā catumahāpathe bilaso vibhajitvā nisinno assa, evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ yathāṭhitaṃ yathāpaṇihitaṃ dhātuso paccavekkhati – ‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti.
‘‘Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati…pe… evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.
Dhātumanasikārapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
Kāyānupassanā navasivathikapabbaṃ
379PTS 2.296缅 2.235已对照

身随观·九墓地节 三七九、“再者,诸比丘,犹如他看见被弃于墓地的尸体,死了一天、或死了两天、或死了三天,[已]膨胀、青瘀、脓烂。他就把这个身体与它相比照:‘这个身体也是这样的法,将成为这样,不能免于这样。’ “如是,或于内身随观身而住,或于外身随观身而住,或于内外身随观身而住;或于身随观集法而住,或于身随观坏灭法而住,或于身随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有身’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是于身随观身而住。 “再者,诸比丘,犹如他看见被弃于墓地的尸体,被乌鸦所食、或被鹰所食、或被鹫所食、或被苍鹭所食、或被狗所食、或被虎所食、或被豹所食、或被豺所食,或被种种小生类所食。他就把这个身体与它相比照:‘这个身体也是这样的法,将成为这样,不能免于这样。’ “如是,或于内身随观身而住,或于外身随观身而住,或于内外身随观身而住;或于身随观集法而住,或于身随观坏灭法而住,或于身随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有身’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是于身随观身而住。 “再者,诸比丘,犹如他看见被弃于墓地的尸体,[成为]骸骨连锁,有肉有血,为腱所连结。他就把这个身体与它相比照:‘这个身体也是这样的法,将成为这样,不能免于这样。’ “如是,或于内身随观身而住,或于外身随观身而住,或于内外身随观身而住;或于身随观集法而住,或于身随观坏灭法而住,或于身随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有身’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是于身随观身而住。 “再者,诸比丘,犹如他看见被弃于墓地的尸体,[成为]骸骨连锁,无肉而血涂,为腱所连结。他就把这个身体与它相比照:‘这个身体也是这样的法,将成为这样,不能免于这样。’ “如是,或于内身随观身而住,或于外身随观身而住,或于内外身随观身而住;或于身随观集法而住,或于身随观坏灭法而住,或于身随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有身’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是于身随观身而住。 “再者,诸比丘,犹如他看见被弃于墓地的尸体,[成为]骸骨连锁,肉与血已离,为腱所连结。他就把这个身体与它相比照:‘这个身体也是这样的法,将成为这样,不能免于这样。’ “如是,或于内身随观身而住,或于外身随观身而住,或于内外身随观身而住;或于身随观集法而住,或于身随观坏灭法而住,或于身随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有身’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是于身随观身而住。 “再者,诸比丘,犹如他看见被弃于墓地的尸体,[成为]诸骨已脱连结,散落于四方四隅:这里是手骨,那里是足骨,那里是踝骨,那里是胫骨,那里是股骨,那里是髋骨,那里是肋骨,那里是脊骨,那里是肩骨,那里是颈骨,那里是颚骨,那里是齿骨,那里是头盖骨。他就把这个身体与它相比照:‘这个身体也是这样的法,将成为这样,不能免于这样。’ “如是,或于内身随观身而住,或于外身随观身而住,或于内外身随观身而住;或于身随观集法而住,或于身随观坏灭法而住,或于身随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有身’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是于身随观身而住。 “再者,诸比丘,犹如他看见被弃于墓地的尸体,[成为]诸骨白如螺色。他就把这个身体与它相比照:‘这个身体也是这样的法,将成为这样,不能免于这样。’ “如是,或于内身随观身而住,或于外身随观身而住,或于内外身随观身而住;或于身随观集法而住,或于身随观坏灭法而住,或于身随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有身’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是于身随观身而住。 “再者,诸比丘,犹如他看见被弃于墓地的尸体,[成为]诸骨堆积,经一年以上。他就把这个身体与它相比照:‘这个身体也是这样的法,将成为这样,不能免于这样。’ “如是,或于内身随观身而住,或于外身随观身而住,或于内外身随观身而住;或于身随观集法而住,或于身随观坏灭法而住,或于身随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有身’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是于身随观身而住。 “再者,诸比丘,犹如他看见被弃于墓地的尸体,[成为]诸骨腐朽,化为粉末。他就把这个身体与它相比照:‘这个身体也是这样的法,将成为这样,不能免于这样。’ “如是,或于内身随观身而住,或于外身随观身而住,或于内外身随观身而住;或于身随观集法而住,或于身随观坏灭法而住,或于身随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有身’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是于身随观身而住。 九墓地节终。 十四种身随观终。

379. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ ekāhamataṃ vā dvīhamataṃ vā tīhamataṃ vā uddhumātakaṃ vinīlakaṃ vipubbakajātaṃ. So imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati – ‘ayampi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃanatīto’ti.
‘‘Iti ajjhattaṃ vā …pe… evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ kākehi vā khajjamānaṃ kulalehi vā khajjamānaṃ gijjhehi vā khajjamānaṃ kaṅkehi vā khajjamānaṃ sunakhehi vā khajjamānaṃ byagghehi vā khajjamānaṃ dīpīhi vā khajjamānaṃ siṅgālehi vā [gijjhehi vā khajjamānaṃ, suvānehi vā khajjamānaṃ, sigālehi vā khajjamānaṃ, (syā. pī.)] khajjamānaṃ vividhehi vā pāṇakajātehi khajjamānaṃ. So imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati – ‘ayampi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃanatīto’ti.
‘‘Iti ajjhattaṃ vā…pe… evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikaṃ samaṃsalohitaṃ nhārusambandhaṃ…pe… aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikaṃ nimaṃsalohitamakkhitaṃ nhārusambandhaṃ…pe… aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikaṃ apagatamaṃsalohitaṃ nhārusambandhaṃ…pe… aṭṭhikāni apagatasambandhāni [apagatanhārusambandhāni (syā.)] disā vidisā vikkhittāni, aññena hatthaṭṭhikaṃ aññena pādaṭṭhikaṃ aññena gopphakaṭṭhikaṃ [‘‘aññena gopphakaṭṭhika’’nti idaṃ sī. syā. pī. potthakesu natthi] aññena jaṅghaṭṭhikaṃ aññena ūruṭṭhikaṃ aññena kaṭiṭṭhikaṃ [aññena kaṭaṭṭhikaṃ aññena piṭṭhaṭṭhikaṃ aññena kaṇḍakaṭṭhikaṃ aññena phāsukaṭṭhikaṃ aññena uraṭṭhikaṃ aññena aṃsaṭṭhikaṃ aññena bāhuṭṭhikaṃ (syā.)] aññena phāsukaṭṭhikaṃ aññena piṭṭhiṭṭhikaṃ aññena khandhaṭṭhikaṃ [aññena kaṭaṭṭhikaṃ aññena piṭṭhaṭṭhikaṃ aññena kaṇḍakaṭṭhikaṃ aññena phāsukaṭṭhikaṃ aññena uraṭṭhikaṃ aññena aṃsaṭṭhikaṃ aññena bāhuṭṭhikaṃ (syā.)] aññena gīvaṭṭhikaṃ aññena hanukaṭṭhikaṃ aññena dantaṭṭhikaṃ aññena sīsakaṭāhaṃ. So imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati – ‘ayampi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃanatīto’ti.
‘‘Iti ajjhattaṃ vā …pe… viharati.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ aṭṭhikāni setāni saṅkhavaṇṇapaṭibhāgāni…pe… aṭṭhikāni puñjakitāni terovassikāni …pe… aṭṭhikāni pūtīni cuṇṇakajātāni. So imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati – ‘ayampi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃanatīto’ti. Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati. Samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati. ‘Atthi kāyo’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati.
Navasivathikapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
Cuddasa kāyānupassanā niṭṭhitā.
Vedanānupassanā
380PTS 2.299缅 2.237已对照

受随观 三八〇、“诸比丘,比丘如何于诸受随观受而住呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘感受乐受时,了知‘我感受乐受’;感受苦受时,了知‘我感受苦受’;感受不苦不乐受时,了知‘我感受不苦不乐受’。感受有食的乐受(sāmisaṃ sukhaṃ vedanaṃ)时,了知‘我感受有食的乐受’;感受无食的乐受(nirāmisaṃ sukhaṃ vedanaṃ)时,了知‘我感受无食的乐受’。感受有食的苦受时,了知‘我感受有食的苦受’;感受无食的苦受时,了知‘我感受无食的苦受’。感受有食的不苦不乐受时,了知‘我感受有食的不苦不乐受’;感受无食的不苦不乐受时,了知‘我感受无食的不苦不乐受’。 “如是,或于内诸受随观受而住,或于外诸受随观受而住,或于内外诸受随观受而住;或于诸受随观集法而住,或于诸受随观坏灭法而住,或于诸受随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有受’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是于诸受随观受而住。 受随观终。

380. ‘‘Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sukhaṃ vā vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti. Dukkhaṃ vā vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti. Adukkhamasukhaṃ vā vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti. Sāmisaṃ vā sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘sāmisaṃ sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti, nirāmisaṃ vā sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘nirāmisaṃ sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti. Sāmisaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘sāmisaṃ dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti, nirāmisaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘nirāmisaṃ dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti. Sāmisaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘sāmisaṃ adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti, nirāmisaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘nirāmisaṃ adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti. Iti ajjhattaṃ vā vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati. Samudayadhammānupassī vā vedanāsu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā vedanāsu viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā vedanāsu viharati. ‘Atthi vedanā’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati.
Vedanānupassanā niṭṭhitā.
Cittānupassanā
381PTS 2.300已对照

心随观 三八一、“诸比丘,比丘如何于心随观心而住呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘心有贪时,了知‘心有贪’;心离贪时,了知‘心离贪’。心有瞋时,了知‘心有瞋’;心离瞋时,了知‘心离瞋’。心有痴时,了知‘心有痴’;心离痴时,了知‘心离痴’。心萎缩时,了知‘心萎缩’;心散乱时,了知‘心散乱’。心广大时,了知‘心广大’;心不广大时,了知‘心不广大’。心有上时,了知‘心有上’;心无上时,了知‘心无上’。心得定时,了知‘心得定’;心不得定时,了知‘心不得定’。心解脱时,了知‘心解脱’;心未解脱时,了知‘心未解脱’。 “如是,或于内心随观心而住,或于外心随观心而住,或于内外心随观心而住;或于心随观集法而住,或于心随观坏灭法而住,或于心随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有心’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是于心随观心而住。 心随观终。

381. ‘‘Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu citte cittānupassī viharati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sarāgaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vītarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītarāgaṃ citta’nti pajānāti. Sadosaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sadosaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vītadosaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītadosaṃ citta’nti pajānāti. Samohaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘samohaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vītamohaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītamohaṃ citta’nti pajānāti. Saṅkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘saṅkhittaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vikkhittaṃ citta’nti pajānāti. Mahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ ‘mahaggataṃ citta’nti pajānāti, amahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ ‘amahaggataṃ citta’nti pajānāti. Sauttaraṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sauttaraṃ citta’nti pajānāti, anuttaraṃ vā cittaṃ ‘anuttaraṃ citta’nti pajānāti. Samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘samāhitaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, asamāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘asamāhitaṃ citta’nti pajānāti. Vimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vimuttaṃ citta’nti pajānāti. Avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘avimuttaṃ citta’nti pajānāti. Iti ajjhattaṃ vā citte cittānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā citte cittānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā citte cittānupassī viharati. Samudayadhammānupassī vā cittasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā cittasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā cittasmiṃ viharati, ‘atthi citta’nti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu citte cittānupassī viharati.
Cittānupassanā niṭṭhitā.
Dhammānupassanā nīvaraṇapabbaṃ
382PTS 2.301缅 2.238已对照

法随观·盖节 三八二、“诸比丘,比丘如何于诸法随观法而住呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘就五盖于诸法随观法而住。诸比丘,比丘如何就五盖于诸法随观法而住呢? “内有欲欲(kāmacchanda)时,了知‘我内有欲欲’;内无欲欲时,了知‘我内无欲欲’;未生的欲欲如何生起,他也了知;已生的欲欲如何断除,他也了知;已断的欲欲将来如何不再生起,他也了知。 “内有瞋恚时,了知‘我内有瞋恚’;内无瞋恚时,了知‘我内无瞋恚’;未生的瞋恚如何生起,他也了知;已生的瞋恚如何断除,他也了知;已断的瞋恚将来如何不再生起,他也了知。 “内有昏沉睡眠时,了知‘我内有昏沉睡眠’;内无昏沉睡眠时,了知‘我内无昏沉睡眠’;未生的昏沉睡眠如何生起,他也了知;已生的昏沉睡眠如何断除,他也了知;已断的昏沉睡眠将来如何不再生起,他也了知。 “内有掉举追悔时,了知‘我内有掉举追悔’;内无掉举追悔时,了知‘我内无掉举追悔’;未生的掉举追悔如何生起,他也了知;已生的掉举追悔如何断除,他也了知;已断的掉举追悔将来如何不再生起,他也了知。 “内有疑时,了知‘我内有疑’;内无疑时,了知‘我内无疑’;未生的疑如何生起,他也了知;已生的疑如何断除,他也了知;已断的疑将来如何不再生起,他也了知。 “如是,或于内诸法随观法而住,或于外诸法随观法而住,或于内外诸法随观法而住;或于诸法随观集法而住,或于诸法随观坏灭法而住,或于诸法随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有法’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是就五盖于诸法随观法而住。 盖节终。

382. ‘‘Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati pañcasu nīvaraṇesu. Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati pañcasu nīvaraṇesu?
‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ kāmacchandaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ kāmacchando’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ kāmacchandaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ kāmacchando’ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa kāmacchandassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa kāmacchandassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa kāmacchandassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ byāpādaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ byāpādo’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ byāpādaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ byāpādo’ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa byāpādassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa byāpādassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa byāpādassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ thinamiddhaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ thinamiddha’nti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ thinamiddhaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ thinamiddha’nti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa thinamiddhassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa thinamiddhassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa thinamiddhassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ uddhaccakukkuccaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ uddhaccakukkucca’nti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ uddhaccakukkuccaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ uddhaccakukkucca’nti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa uddhaccakukkuccassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa uddhaccakukkuccassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa uddhaccakukkuccassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ vicikicchaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ vicikicchā’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ vicikicchaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ vicikicchā’ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannāya vicikicchāya uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannāya vicikicchāya pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnāya vicikicchāya āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Iti ajjhattaṃ vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati samudayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati ‘atthi dhammā’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati pañcasu nīvaraṇesu.
Nīvaraṇapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
Dhammānupassanā khandhapabbaṃ
383PTS 2.302已对照

法随观·蕴节 三八三、“再者,诸比丘,比丘就五取蕴于诸法随观法而住。诸比丘,比丘如何就五取蕴于诸法随观法而住呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘[了知]:‘这是色,这是色的集,这是色的灭没;这是受,这是受的集,这是受的灭没;这是想,这是想的集,这是想的灭没;这是行,这是行的集,这是行的灭没;这是识,这是识的集,这是识的灭没。’ “如是,或于内诸法随观法而住,或于外诸法随观法而住,或于内外诸法随观法而住;或于诸法随观集法而住,或于诸法随观坏灭法而住,或于诸法随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有法’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是就五取蕴于诸法随观法而住。 蕴节终。

383. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu. Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; iti vedanā, iti vedanāya samudayo, iti vedanāya atthaṅgamo; iti saññā, iti saññāya samudayo, iti saññāya atthaṅgamo; iti saṅkhārā, iti saṅkhārānaṃ samudayo, iti saṅkhārānaṃ atthaṅgamo, iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti, iti ajjhattaṃ vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati. Samudayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati. ‘Atthi dhammā’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya, anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu.
Khandhapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
Dhammānupassanā āyatanapabbaṃ
384PTS 2.303缅 2.240已对照

法随观·处节 三八四、“再者,诸比丘,比丘就六内外处于诸法随观法而住。诸比丘,比丘如何就六内外处于诸法随观法而住呢? “诸比丘,在此,比丘了知眼,了知色,也了知缘此二者而生起的结(saṃyojana);未生的结如何生起,他也了知;已生的结如何断除,他也了知;已断的结将来如何不再生起,他也了知。 “了知耳,了知声,也了知缘此二者而生起的结;未生的结如何生起,他也了知;已生的结如何断除,他也了知;已断的结将来如何不再生起,他也了知。 “了知鼻,了知香,也了知缘此二者而生起的结;未生的结如何生起,他也了知;已生的结如何断除,他也了知;已断的结将来如何不再生起,他也了知。 “了知舌,了知味,也了知缘此二者而生起的结;未生的结如何生起,他也了知;已生的结如何断除,他也了知;已断的结将来如何不再生起,他也了知。 “了知身,了知触,也了知缘此二者而生起的结;未生的结如何生起,他也了知;已生的结如何断除,他也了知;已断的结将来如何不再生起,他也了知。 “了知意,了知法,也了知缘此二者而生起的结;未生的结如何生起,他也了知;已生的结如何断除,他也了知;已断的结将来如何不再生起,他也了知。 “如是,或于内诸法随观法而住,或于外诸法随观法而住,或于内外诸法随观法而住;或于诸法随观集法而住,或于诸法随观坏灭法而住,或于诸法随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有法’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是就六内外处于诸法随观法而住。 处节终。

384. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati chasu ajjhattikabāhiresu āyatanesu. Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati chasu ajjhattikabāhiresu āyatanesu?
‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhuñca pajānāti, rūpe ca pajānāti, yañca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ tañca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Sotañca pajānāti, sadde ca pajānāti, yañca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ tañca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Ghānañca pajānāti, gandhe ca pajānāti, yañca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ tañca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Jivhañca pajānāti, rase ca pajānāti, yañca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ tañca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Kāyañca pajānāti, phoṭṭhabbe ca pajānāti, yañca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ tañca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Manañca pajānāti, dhamme ca pajānāti, yañca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ tañca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Iti ajjhattaṃ vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati. Samudayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati. ‘Atthi dhammā’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya, anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati chasu ajjhattikabāhiresu āyatanesu.
Āyatanapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
Dhammānupassanā bojjhaṅgapabbaṃ
385PTS 2.304缅 2.242已对照

法随观·觉支节 三八五、“再者,诸比丘,比丘就七觉支于诸法随观法而住。诸比丘,比丘如何就七觉支于诸法随观法而住呢? “内有念觉支(satisambojjhaṅga)时,了知‘我内有念觉支’;内无念觉支时,了知‘我内无念觉支’;未生的念觉支如何生起,他也了知;已生的念觉支如何由修习而圆满,他也了知。 “内有择法觉支时,了知‘我内有择法觉支’;内无择法觉支时,了知‘我内无择法觉支’;未生的择法觉支如何生起,他也了知;已生的择法觉支如何由修习而圆满,他也了知。 “内有精进觉支时,了知‘我内有精进觉支’;内无精进觉支时,了知‘我内无精进觉支’;未生的精进觉支如何生起,他也了知;已生的精进觉支如何由修习而圆满,他也了知。 “内有喜觉支时,了知‘我内有喜觉支’;内无喜觉支时,了知‘我内无喜觉支’;未生的喜觉支如何生起,他也了知;已生的喜觉支如何由修习而圆满,他也了知。 “内有轻安觉支时,了知‘我内有轻安觉支’;内无轻安觉支时,了知‘我内无轻安觉支’;未生的轻安觉支如何生起,他也了知;已生的轻安觉支如何由修习而圆满,他也了知。 “内有定觉支时,了知‘我内有定觉支’;内无定觉支时,了知‘我内无定觉支’;未生的定觉支如何生起,他也了知;已生的定觉支如何由修习而圆满,他也了知。 “内有舍觉支时,了知‘我内有舍觉支’;内无舍觉支时,了知‘我内无舍觉支’;未生的舍觉支如何生起,他也了知;已生的舍觉支如何由修习而圆满,他也了知。 “如是,或于内诸法随观法而住,或于外诸法随观法而住,或于内外诸法随观法而住;或于诸法随观集法而住,或于诸法随观坏灭法而住,或于诸法随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有法’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是就七觉支于诸法随观法而住。 觉支节终。

385. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati sattasu bojjhaṅgesu. Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati sattasu bojjhaṅgesu? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ satisambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ satisambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa satisambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa satisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ vīriyasambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ vīriyasambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ pītisambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ pītisambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ pītisambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ pītisambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa pītisambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa pītisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ passaddhisambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ passaddhisambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ passaddhisambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ passaddhisambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ samādhisambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ samādhisambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ samādhisambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ samādhisambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa samādhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa samādhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti tañca pajānāti.
‘‘Iti ajjhattaṃ vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati. Samudayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati ‘atthi dhammā’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati sattasu bojjhaṅgesu.
Bojjhaṅgapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. [bojjhaṅgapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ, paṭhamabhāṇavāraṃ (syā.)]
Dhammānupassanā saccapabbaṃ
386已对照

法随观·谛节 三八六、“再者,诸比丘,比丘就四圣谛于诸法随观法而住。诸比丘,比丘如何就四圣谛于诸法随观法而住呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘如实了知‘此是苦’,如实了知‘此是苦集’,如实了知‘此是苦灭’,如实了知‘此是导至苦灭之道’。 第一诵分终。

386. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati catūsu ariyasaccesu. Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati catūsu ariyasaccesu? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti.
Paṭhamabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.
Dukkhasaccaniddeso
387PTS 2.305已对照

苦谛的解说 三八七、“诸比丘,什么是苦圣谛呢?生是苦,老是苦,死是苦,愁、悲、苦、忧、恼是苦,与不可爱者会合是苦,与可爱者别离是苦,所求不得也是苦——略言之,五取蕴是苦。

387. ‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ? Jātipi dukkhā, jarāpi dukkhā, maraṇampi dukkhaṃ, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsāpi dukkhā, appiyehi sampayogopi dukkho, piyehi vippayogopi dukkho [appiyehi…pe… vippayogo dukkhotipāṭho ceva taṃniddeso ca katthaci na dissati, aṭṭhakathāyaṃpi taṃsaṃvaṇṇanā natthi], yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ, saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā [pañcupādānakkhandhāpi (ka.)] dukkhā.
388已对照

三八八、“诸比丘,什么是生呢?凡是那些众生,于彼彼众生类中的生、出生、入胎、出现,诸蕴之显现,诸处之获得——诸比丘,这称为生。

388. ‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, jāti? Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jāti sañjāti okkanti abhinibbatti khandhānaṃ pātubhāvo āyatanānaṃ paṭilābho, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, jāti.
389缅 2.244已对照

三八九、“诸比丘,什么是老呢?凡是那些众生,于彼彼众生类中的老、衰老之状、齿落、发白、皮皱、寿命之衰减、诸根之老熟——诸比丘,这称为老。

389. ‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, jarā? Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jarā jīraṇatā khaṇḍiccaṃ pāliccaṃ valittacatā āyuno saṃhāni indriyānaṃ paripāko, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, jarā.
390已对照

三九〇、“诸比丘,什么是死呢?凡是那些众生,从彼彼众生类中的殒殁、殁亡之状、破坏、消失、死、死亡、命终,诸蕴之破坏,身躯之舍弃,命根之断绝——诸比丘,这称为死。

390. ‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, maraṇaṃ? Yaṃ [aṭṭhakathā oloketabbā] tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhā tamhā sattanikāyā cuti cavanatā bhedo antaradhānaṃ maccu maraṇaṃ kālakiriyā khandhānaṃ bhedo kaḷevarassa nikkhepo jīvitindriyassupacchedo, idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, maraṇaṃ.
391PTS 2.306已对照

三九一、“诸比丘,什么是愁呢?诸比丘,凡是遭遇某种不幸、为某种苦法所触者的愁、忧愁、忧愁之状、内愁、内遍愁——诸比丘,这称为愁。

391. ‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, soko? Yo kho, bhikkhave, aññataraññatarena byasanena samannāgatassa aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa soko socanā socitattaṃ antosoko antoparisoko, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, soko.
392已对照

三九二、“诸比丘,什么是悲呢?诸比丘,凡是遭遇某种不幸、为某种苦法所触者的哀号、悲号、哀叹、悲叹、哀号之状、悲号之状——诸比丘,这称为悲。

392. ‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, paridevo? Yo kho, bhikkhave, aññataraññatarena byasanena samannāgatassa aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa ādevo paridevo ādevanā paridevanā ādevitattaṃ paridevitattaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave paridevo.
393已对照

三九三、“诸比丘,什么是苦呢?诸比丘,凡是身的苦、身的不适,由身触所生的苦、不适的感受——诸比丘,这称为苦。

393. ‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ? Yaṃ kho, bhikkhave, kāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ kāyikaṃ asātaṃ kāyasamphassajaṃ dukkhaṃ asātaṃ vedayitaṃ, idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ.
394已对照

三九四、“诸比丘,什么是忧呢?诸比丘,凡是心的苦、心的不适,由意触所生的苦、不适的感受——诸比丘,这称为忧。

394. ‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, domanassaṃ? Yaṃ kho, bhikkhave, cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ cetasikaṃ asātaṃ manosamphassajaṃ dukkhaṃ asātaṃ vedayitaṃ, idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, domanassaṃ.
395已对照

三九五、“诸比丘,什么是恼呢?诸比丘,凡是遭遇某种不幸、为某种苦法所触者的苦恼、遍苦恼、苦恼之状、遍苦恼之状——诸比丘,这称为恼。

395. ‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, upāyāso? Yo kho, bhikkhave, aññataraññatarena byasanena samannāgatassa aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa āyāso upāyāso āyāsitattaṃ upāyāsitattaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, upāyāso.
396缅 2.245已对照

三九六、“诸比丘,什么是与不可爱者会合是苦呢?在此,凡有那些不可乐、不可爱、不可意的色、声、香、味、触、法,或者有那些欲其无义利、欲其无利益、欲其不安适、欲其不得安稳的人——与他们相会、共会、集合、混杂:诸比丘,这称为与不可爱者会合是苦。

396. ‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, appiyehi sampayogo dukkho? Idha yassa te honti aniṭṭhā akantā amanāpā rūpā saddā gandhā rasā phoṭṭhabbā dhammā, ye vā panassa te honti anatthakāmā ahitakāmā aphāsukakāmā ayogakkhemakāmā, yā tehi saddhiṃ saṅgati samāgamo samodhānaṃ missībhāvo, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, appiyehi sampayogo dukkho.
397已对照

三九七、“诸比丘,什么是与可爱者别离是苦呢?在此,凡有那些可乐、可爱、可意的色、声、香、味、触、法,或者有那些欲其义利、欲其利益、欲其安适、欲其安稳的人,即母、或父、或兄弟、或姊妹、或朋友、或同僚、或亲族血亲——与他们不相会、不共会、不集合、不混杂:诸比丘,这称为与可爱者别离是苦。

397. ‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, piyehi vippayogo dukkho? Idha yassa te honti iṭṭhā kantā manāpā rūpā saddā gandhā rasā phoṭṭhabbā dhammā, ye vā panassa te honti atthakāmā hitakāmā phāsukakāmā yogakkhemakāmā mātā vā pitā vā bhātā vā bhaginī vā mittā vā amaccā vā ñātisālohitā vā, yā tehi saddhiṃ asaṅgati asamāgamo asamodhānaṃ amissībhāvo, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, piyehi vippayogo dukkho.
398PTS 2.307已对照

三九八、“诸比丘,什么是所求不得也是苦呢?诸比丘,于有生之法的众生生起这样的愿望:‘啊,但愿我们不是有生之法者,但愿生不要到我们[身上]来!’然而这不是以愿望所能得到的——这也就是所求不得也是苦。 诸比丘,于有老之法的众生生起这样的愿望:‘啊,但愿我们不是有老之法者,但愿老不要到我们[身上]来!’然而这不是以愿望所能得到的——这也就是所求不得也是苦。 诸比丘,于有病之法的众生生起这样的愿望:‘啊,但愿我们不是有病之法者,但愿病不要到我们[身上]来!’然而这不是以愿望所能得到的——这也就是所求不得也是苦。 诸比丘,于有死之法的众生生起这样的愿望:‘啊,但愿我们不是有死之法者,但愿死不要到我们[身上]来!’然而这不是以愿望所能得到的——这也就是所求不得也是苦。 诸比丘,于有愁、悲、苦、忧、恼之法的众生生起这样的愿望:‘啊,但愿我们不是有愁、悲、苦、忧、恼之法者,但愿愁、悲、苦、忧、恼不要到我们[身上]来!’然而这不是以愿望所能得到的——这也就是所求不得也是苦。

398. ‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ? Jātidhammānaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjati – ‘aho vata mayaṃ na jātidhammā assāma, na ca vata no jāti āgaccheyyā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabbaṃ, idampi yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ. Jarādhammānaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjati – ‘aho vata mayaṃ na jarādhammā assāma, na ca vata no jarā āgaccheyyā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabbaṃ, idampi yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ. Byādhidhammānaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjati ‘aho vata mayaṃ na byādhidhammā assāma, na ca vata no byādhi āgaccheyyā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabbaṃ, idampi yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ. Maraṇadhammānaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjati ‘aho vata mayaṃ na maraṇadhammā assāma, na ca vata no maraṇaṃ āgaccheyyā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabbaṃ, idampi yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ. Sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammānaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjati ‘aho vata mayaṃ na sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammā assāma, na ca vata no sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammā āgaccheyyu’nti. Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabbaṃ, idampi yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ.
399缅 2.246已对照

三九九、“诸比丘,什么是略言之五取蕴是苦呢?就是:色取蕴、受取蕴、想取蕴、行取蕴、识取蕴。诸比丘,这些称为略言之五取蕴是苦。诸比丘,这称为苦圣谛。

399. ‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā? Seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, saṅkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.
Samudayasaccaniddeso
400PTS 2.308缅 2.247已对照

集谛的解说 四〇〇、“诸比丘,什么是苦集圣谛呢?就是那能导致再有、与喜贪俱行、处处欢喜的渴爱,即:欲爱、有爱、无有爱。 “诸比丘,那渴爱生起时于何处生起,安住时于何处安住呢?凡世间是可爱的、可意的,这渴爱生起时即于此生起,安住时即于此安住。 “世间什么是可爱的、可意的呢?眼在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱生起时即于此生起,安住时即于此安住。 “耳在世间……乃至……鼻在世间……舌在世间……身在世间……意在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱生起时即于此生起,安住时即于此安住。 “色在世间……声在世间……香在世间……味在世间……触在世间……法在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱生起时即于此生起,安住时即于此安住。 “眼识在世间……耳识在世间……鼻识在世间……舌识在世间……身识在世间……意识在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱生起时即于此生起,安住时即于此安住。 “眼触在世间……耳触在世间……鼻触在世间……舌触在世间……身触在世间……意触在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱生起时即于此生起,安住时即于此安住。 “眼触所生的受在世间……耳触所生的受在世间……鼻触所生的受在世间……舌触所生的受在世间……身触所生的受在世间……意触所生的受在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱生起时即于此生起,安住时即于此安住。 “色想在世间……声想在世间……香想在世间……味想在世间……触想在世间……法想在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱生起时即于此生起,安住时即于此安住。 “色思在世间……声思在世间……香思在世间……味思在世间……触思在世间……法思在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱生起时即于此生起,安住时即于此安住。 “色爱在世间……声爱在世间……香爱在世间……味爱在世间……触爱在世间……法爱在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱生起时即于此生起,安住时即于此安住。 “色寻在世间……声寻在世间……香寻在世间……味寻在世间……触寻在世间……法寻在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱生起时即于此生起,安住时即于此安住。 “色伺在世间……声伺在世间……香伺在世间……味伺在世间……触伺在世间……法伺在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱生起时即于此生起,安住时即于此安住。 诸比丘,这称为苦集圣谛。

400. ‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ [dukkhasamudayo (syā.)] ariyasaccaṃ? Yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobbhavikā [ponobhavikā (sī. pī.)] nandīrāgasahagatā [nandirāgasahagatā (sī. syā. pī.)] tatratatrābhinandinī, seyyathidaṃ – kāmataṇhā bhavataṇhā vibhavataṇhā.
‘‘Sā kho panesā, bhikkhave, taṇhā kattha uppajjamānā uppajjati, kattha nivisamānā nivisati? Yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.
‘‘Kiñca loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ? Cakkhu loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Sotaṃ loke…pe… ghānaṃ loke… jivhā loke… kāyo loke… mano loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.
‘‘Rūpā loke… saddā loke… gandhā loke… rasā loke… phoṭṭhabbā loke… dhammā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.
‘‘Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ loke… sotaviññāṇaṃ loke… ghānaviññāṇaṃ loke… jivhāviññāṇaṃ loke… kāyaviññāṇaṃ loke… manoviññāṇaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.
‘‘Cakkhusamphasso loke… sotasamphasso loke… ghānasamphasso loke… jivhāsamphasso loke… kāyasamphasso loke… manosamphasso loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.
‘‘Cakkhusamphassajā vedanā loke… sotasamphassajā vedanā loke… ghānasamphassajā vedanā loke… jivhāsamphassajā vedanā loke… kāyasamphassajā vedanā loke… manosamphassajā vedanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.
‘‘Rūpasaññā loke… saddasaññā loke… gandhasaññā loke… rasasaññā loke… phoṭṭhabbasaññā loke… dhammasaññā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.
‘‘Rūpasañcetanā loke… saddasañcetanā loke… gandhasañcetanā loke… rasasañcetanā loke… phoṭṭhabbasañcetanā loke… dhammasañcetanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.
‘‘Rūpataṇhā loke… saddataṇhā loke… gandhataṇhā loke… rasataṇhā loke… phoṭṭhabbataṇhā loke… dhammataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.
‘‘Rūpavitakko loke… saddavitakko loke… gandhavitakko loke… rasavitakko loke… phoṭṭhabbavitakko loke… dhammavitakko loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati.
‘‘Rūpavicāro loke… saddavicāro loke… gandhavicāro loke… rasavicāro loke… phoṭṭhabbavicāro loke… dhammavicāro loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.
Nirodhasaccaniddeso
401PTS 2.311缅 2.248已对照

苦灭圣谛的解说 四〇一、“诸比丘,什么是苦灭圣谛呢?就是那同一渴爱的无余离贪、灭,舍弃、舍离、解脱、无执藏。 “诸比丘,那渴爱断除时于何处断除,灭时于何处灭呢?凡世间是可爱的、可意的,这渴爱断除时即于此断除,灭时即于此灭。 “世间什么是可爱的、可意的呢?眼在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱断除时即于此断除,灭时即于此灭。 “耳在世间……乃至……鼻在世间……舌在世间……身在世间……意在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱断除时即于此断除,灭时即于此灭。 “色在世间……声在世间……香在世间……味在世间……触在世间……法在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱断除时即于此断除,灭时即于此灭。 “眼识在世间……耳识在世间……鼻识在世间……舌识在世间……身识在世间……意识在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱断除时即于此断除,灭时即于此灭。 “眼触在世间……耳触在世间……鼻触在世间……舌触在世间……身触在世间……意触在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱断除时即于此断除,灭时即于此灭。 “眼触所生的受在世间……耳触所生的受在世间……鼻触所生的受在世间……舌触所生的受在世间……身触所生的受在世间……意触所生的受在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱断除时即于此断除,灭时即于此灭。 “色想在世间……声想在世间……香想在世间……味想在世间……触想在世间……法想在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱断除时即于此断除,灭时即于此灭。 “色思在世间……声思在世间……香思在世间……味思在世间……触思在世间……法思在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱断除时即于此断除,灭时即于此灭。 “色爱在世间……声爱在世间……香爱在世间……味爱在世间……触爱在世间……法爱在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱断除时即于此断除,灭时即于此灭。 “色寻在世间……声寻在世间……香寻在世间……味寻在世间……触寻在世间……法寻在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱断除时即于此断除,灭时即于此灭。 “色伺在世间……声伺在世间……香伺在世间……味伺在世间……触伺在世间……法伺在世间是可爱的、可意的——这渴爱断除时即于此断除,灭时即于此灭。 诸比丘,这称为苦灭圣谛。

401. ‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṃ [dukkhanirodho (syā.)] ariyasaccaṃ? Yo tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo.
‘‘Sā kho panesā, bhikkhave, taṇhā kattha pahīyamānā pahīyati, kattha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati? Yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.
‘‘Kiñca loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ? Cakkhu loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Sotaṃ loke…pe… ghānaṃ loke… jivhā loke… kāyo loke… mano loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.
‘‘Rūpā loke… saddā loke… gandhā loke… rasā loke… phoṭṭhabbā loke… dhammā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.
‘‘Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ loke… sotaviññāṇaṃ loke… ghānaviññāṇaṃ loke… jivhāviññāṇaṃ loke… kāyaviññāṇaṃ loke… manoviññāṇaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.
‘‘Cakkhusamphasso loke… sotasamphasso loke… ghānasamphasso loke… jivhāsamphasso loke… kāyasamphasso loke… manosamphasso loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.
‘‘Cakkhusamphassajā vedanā loke… sotasamphassajā vedanā loke … ghānasamphassajā vedanā loke… jivhāsamphassajā vedanā loke… kāyasamphassajā vedanā loke… manosamphassajā vedanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.
‘‘Rūpasaññā loke… saddasaññā loke… gandhasaññā loke… rasasaññā loke… phoṭṭhabbasaññā loke… dhammasaññā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.
‘‘Rūpasañcetanā loke… saddasañcetanā loke… gandhasañcetanā loke… rasasañcetanā loke… phoṭṭhabbasañcetanā loke… dhammasañcetanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.
‘‘Rūpataṇhā loke… saddataṇhā loke… gandhataṇhā loke… rasataṇhā loke… phoṭṭhabbataṇhā loke… dhammataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.
‘‘Rūpavitakko loke… saddavitakko loke… gandhavitakko loke… rasavitakko loke… phoṭṭhabbavitakko loke… dhammavitakko loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati.
‘‘Rūpavicāro loke… saddavicāro loke… gandhavicāro loke… rasavicāro loke… phoṭṭhabbavicāro loke… dhammavicāro loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.
Maggasaccaniddeso
402PTS 2.312缅 2.250已对照

导至苦灭之道圣谛的解说 四〇二、“诸比丘,什么是导至苦灭之道圣谛呢?就是这八支圣道,即:正见、正思惟、正语、正业、正命、正精进、正念、正定。 “诸比丘,什么是正见呢?诸比丘,凡是对苦的智、对苦集的智、对苦灭的智、对导至苦灭之道的智——诸比丘,这称为正见。 “诸比丘,什么是正思惟呢?出离思惟、无瞋思惟、不害思惟——诸比丘,这称为正思惟。 “诸比丘,什么是正语呢?离虚妄语、离离间语、离粗恶语、离杂秽语——诸比丘,这称为正语。 “诸比丘,什么是正业呢?离杀生、离不与取、离欲邪行——诸比丘,这称为正业。 “诸比丘,什么是正命呢?诸比丘,在此,圣弟子舍断邪命,以正命营生——诸比丘,这称为正命。 “诸比丘,什么是正精进呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘为令未生的恶不善法不生,生起欲,努力,发起精进,策励心,精勤;为舍断已生的恶不善法,生起欲,努力,发起精进,策励心,精勤;为令未生的善法生起,生起欲,努力,发起精进,策励心,精勤;为令已生的善法住立、不忘失、增多、广大、由修习而圆满,生起欲,努力,发起精进,策励心,精勤。诸比丘,这称为正精进。 “诸比丘,什么是正念呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘于身随观身而住,热勤、正知、具念,调伏世间的贪与忧;于诸受随观受而住,热勤、正知、具念,调伏世间的贪与忧;于心随观心而住,热勤、正知、具念,调伏世间的贪与忧;于诸法随观法而住,热勤、正知、具念,调伏世间的贪与忧。诸比丘,这称为正念。 “诸比丘,什么是正定呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘已离诸欲,离诸不善法,有寻、有伺,离生喜、乐,成就并住于初禅。寻、伺寂止,内洁净,心专一性,无寻、无伺,定生喜、乐,成就并住于第二禅。离喜,住于舍(upekkhā),具念与正知,以身受乐,正如圣者们所说的:‘舍、具念、乐住。’成就并住于第三禅。舍断乐与舍断苦,先前的喜、忧已经灭没,不苦不乐,舍念清净(upekkhāsatipārisuddhi),成就并住于第四禅。诸比丘,这称为正定。 “诸比丘,这称为导至苦灭之道圣谛。

402. ‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā sammākammanto sammāājīvo sammāvāyāmo sammāsati sammāsamādhi.
‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi? Yaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dukkhe ñāṇaṃ, dukkhasamudaye ñāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhe ñāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi.
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāsaṅkappo? Nekkhammasaṅkappo abyāpādasaṅkappo avihiṃsāsaṅkappo, ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhave, sammāsaṅkappo.
‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sammāvācā? Musāvādā veramaṇī [veramaṇi (ka.)] pisuṇāya vācāya veramaṇī pharusāya vācāya veramaṇī samphappalāpā veramaṇī, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāvācā.
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammākammanto? Pāṇātipātā veramaṇī adinnādānā veramaṇī kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammākammanto.
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāājīvo? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako micchāājīvaṃ pahāya sammāājīvena jīvitaṃ kappeti, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāājīvo.
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāvāyāmo? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati; uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati; anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati; uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāvāyāmo.
‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sammāsati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; citte cittānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāsati.
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāsamādhi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati, sato ca sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāsamādhi. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ.
403PTS 2.314已对照

四〇三、“如是,或于内诸法随观法而住,或于外诸法随观法而住,或于内外诸法随观法而住;或于诸法随观集法而住,或于诸法随观坏灭法而住,或于诸法随观集与坏灭法而住。或者,他的‘有法’之念现前,唯为智之量、忆念之量[而已];他无所依而住,不执取世间的任何东西。诸比丘,比丘这样也是就四圣谛于诸法随观法而住。 谛节终。 法随观终。

403. ‘‘Iti ajjhattaṃ vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati. Samudayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati. ‘Atthi dhammā’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati catūsu ariyasaccesu.
Saccapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
Dhammānupassanā niṭṭhitā.
404已对照

四〇四、“诸比丘,无论何人这样修习这四念处七年,他可期待两种果之一:于现法中[得]究竟智(aññā),或若有余依,[得]阿那含性(anāgāmitā)。

404. ‘‘Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne evaṃ bhāveyya sattavassāni, tassa dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme aññā; sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā.
已对照

“诸比丘,且不说七年。诸比丘,无论何人这样修习这四念处六年……乃至……五年……四年……三年……二年……一年——诸比丘,且不说一年。诸比丘,无论何人这样修习这四念处七个月,他可期待两种果之一:于现法中[得]究竟智,或若有余依,[得]阿那含性。

‘‘Tiṭṭhantu, bhikkhave, sattavassāni. Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne evaṃ bhāveyya cha vassāni…pe… pañca vassāni… cattāri vassāni… tīṇi vassāni… dve vassāni… ekaṃ vassaṃ… tiṭṭhatu, bhikkhave, ekaṃ vassaṃ. Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne evaṃ bhāveyya sattamāsāni, tassa dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme aññā; sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā.
PTS 2.315缅 2.252已对照

“诸比丘,且不说七个月。诸比丘,无论何人这样修习这四念处六个月……乃至……五个月……四个月……三个月……二个月……一个月……半个月——诸比丘,且不说半个月。诸比丘,无论何人这样修习这四念处七日,他可期待两种果之一:于现法中[得]究竟智,或若有余依,[得]阿那含性。

‘‘Tiṭṭhantu, bhikkhave, satta māsāni. Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne evaṃ bhāveyya cha māsāni…pe… pañca māsāni… cattāri māsāni… tīṇi māsāni … dve māsāni… ekaṃ māsaṃ… aḍḍhamāsaṃ… tiṭṭhatu, bhikkhave, aḍḍhamāso. Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne evaṃ bhāveyya sattāhaṃ, tassa dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme aññā; sati vā upādisese anāgāmitāti.
405已对照

四〇五、“诸比丘,此是唯一之道(ekāyano maggo),为令众生清净,为超越愁与悲,为灭没苦与忧,为证得正理(ñāya),为现证涅槃,此即四念处。 “这样所说的,就是就这个而说的。”世尊说了这[番话]。那些比丘满意、欢喜世尊之所说。 《大念处经》第九[经]终。

405. ‘‘Ekāyano ayaṃ, bhikkhave, maggo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā sokaparidevānaṃ samatikkamāya dukkhadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamāya ñāyassa adhigamāya nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya yadidaṃ cattāro satipaṭṭhānāti. Iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vutta’’nti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ navamaṃ.