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长部第33经 · 众集经 Saṅgītisuttaṃ

本经目录高耸的新集会堂尼乾陀分裂之事一法二法三法四法五法六法七法八法九法十法

296PTS 3.207缅 3.175已对照

十、众集经(Saṅgītisutta)如是我闻:一时,世尊在末罗人(Mallā)中游行,与约五百位比丘组成的大比丘僧团一起,来到末罗人的一座名叫波婆(Pāvā)的城市。世尊就住在波婆,铁匠之子纯陀(Cunda kammāraputta)的芒果林中。

296. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā mallesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi yena pāvā nāma mallānaṃ nagaraṃ tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā pāvāyaṃ viharati cundassa kammāraputtassa ambavane.
Ubbhatakanavasandhāgāraṃ
297PTS 3.208已对照

高耸的新集会堂

那时,波婆的末罗人有一座名叫乌婆多迦(Ubbhataka)的新集会堂,刚建成不久,还不曾有沙门、婆罗门或任何人类居住过。波婆的末罗人听说:“据说世尊在末罗人中游行,与约五百位比丘组成的大比丘僧团一起,已到达波婆,[如今]住在波婆铁匠之子纯陀的芒果林中。”于是,波婆的末罗人来到世尊之处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的波婆的末罗人对世尊说:“尊者,这里波婆的末罗人有一座名叫乌婆多迦的新集会堂,刚建成不久,还不曾有沙门、婆罗门或任何人类居住过。尊者,愿世尊先受用它;世尊先受用之后,波婆的末罗人才随后受用。这将为波婆的末罗人带来长夜的利益与安乐。”世尊以默然表示接受。

297. Tena kho pana samayena pāveyyakānaṃ mallānaṃ ubbhatakaṃ nāma navaṃ sandhāgāraṃ [santhāgāraṃ (sī. pī.), saṇṭhāgāraṃ (syā. kaṃ.)] acirakāritaṃ hoti anajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ [anajjhāvutthaṃ (sī. syā. pī. ka.)] samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā kenaci vā manussabhūtena. Assosuṃ kho pāveyyakā mallā – ‘‘bhagavā kira mallesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi pāvaṃ anuppatto pāvāyaṃ viharati cundassa kammāraputtassa ambavane’’ti. Atha kho pāveyyakā mallā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho pāveyyakā mallā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idha, bhante, pāveyyakānaṃ mallānaṃ ubbhatakaṃ nāma navaṃ sandhāgāraṃ acirakāritaṃ hoti anajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā kenaci vā manussabhūtena. Tañca kho, bhante, bhagavā paṭhamaṃ paribhuñjatu, bhagavatā paṭhamaṃ paribhuttaṃ pacchā pāveyyakā mallā paribhuñjissanti. Tadassa pāveyyakānaṃ mallānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti. Adhivāsesi kho bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena.
298缅 3.176已对照

于是,波婆的末罗人知道世尊已经接受,便从座而起,礼敬世尊,右绕之后,来到集会堂;到了之后,把集会堂全面铺设停当,为世尊敷设座位,安置水瓮,点上油灯,然后来到世尊之处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,站在一旁。站在一旁的那些波婆的末罗人对世尊说:“尊者,集会堂已经全面铺设停当,世尊的座位已经敷设,水瓮已经安置,油灯已经点上;尊者,现在正是世尊认为适时的时候。”

298. Atha kho pāveyyakā mallā bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yena sandhāgāraṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā sabbasanthariṃ [sabbasanthariṃ santhataṃ (ka.)] sandhāgāraṃ santharitvā bhagavato āsanāni paññāpetvā udakamaṇikaṃ patiṭṭhapetvā telapadīpaṃ āropetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho te pāveyyakā mallā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘sabbasantharisanthataṃ [sabbasanthariṃ santhataṃ (sī. pī. ka.)], bhante, sandhāgāraṃ, bhagavato āsanāni paññattāni, udakamaṇiko patiṭṭhāpito, telapadīpo āropito. Yassadāni, bhante, bhagavā kālaṃ maññatī’’ti.
299PTS 3.209已对照

于是,世尊穿好[下衣],取了钵与衣,与比丘僧团一同来到集会堂;到了之后,洗了足,进入集会堂,靠着中央的柱子面向东方而坐。比丘僧团也洗了足,进入集会堂,靠着西面的墙、面向东方而坐,以世尊为前。波婆的末罗人也洗了足,进入集会堂,靠着东面的墙、面向西方而坐,以世尊为前。于是,世尊以法语向波婆的末罗人开示、劝导、鼓励、令其欢喜,直到深夜,然后遣他们回去:“婆私吒们,夜已深了。现在正是你们认为适时的时候。”“是的,尊者。”波婆的末罗人应诺世尊之后,从座而起,礼敬世尊,右绕之后离去。

299. Atha kho bhagavā nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena yena sandhāgāraṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā pāde pakkhāletvā sandhāgāraṃ pavisitvā majjhimaṃ thambhaṃ nissāya puratthābhimukho nisīdi. Bhikkhusaṅghopi kho pāde pakkhāletvā sandhāgāraṃ pavisitvā pacchimaṃ bhittiṃ nissāya puratthābhimukho nisīdi bhagavantaṃyeva purakkhatvā. Pāveyyakāpi kho mallā pāde pakkhāletvā sandhāgāraṃ pavisitvā puratthimaṃ bhittiṃ nissāya pacchimābhimukhā nisīdiṃsu bhagavantaṃyeva purakkhatvā. Atha kho bhagavā pāveyyake malle bahudeva rattiṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uyyojesi – ‘‘abhikkantā kho, vāseṭṭhā, ratti. Yassadāni tumhe kālaṃ maññathā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho pāveyyakā mallā bhagavato paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkamiṃsu.
300已对照

于是,在波婆的末罗人离去不久,世尊环视默然又默然的比丘僧团,对具寿舍利弗说:“舍利弗,比丘僧团已离去昏沉睡眠。舍利弗,愿[说与]诸比丘的法语显现于你[心中]。我的背疼痛,我要伸展它。”“是的,尊者。”具寿舍利弗应诺世尊。于是,世尊把僧伽梨叠成四层敷设好,以右胁作狮子卧,足足相叠,具念、正知,作意起身之想。

300. Atha kho bhagavā acirapakkantesu pāveyyakesu mallesu tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ bhikkhusaṃghaṃ anuviloketvā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘vigatathinamiddho [vigatathīnamiddho (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] kho, sāriputta, bhikkhusaṅgho. Paṭibhātu taṃ, sāriputta, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammīkathā. Piṭṭhi me āgilāyati. Tamahaṃ āyamissāmī’’ti [āyameyyāmīti (syā. kaṃ.)]. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavato paccassosi. Atha kho bhagavā catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ paññapetvā dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappesi pāde pādaṃ accādhāya, sato sampajāno uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasi karitvā.
Bhinnanigaṇṭhavatthu
301PTS 3.210缅 3.177已对照

尼乾陀分裂之事

那时,尼乾陀·若提子(Nigaṇṭha Nāṭaputta)刚在波婆命终。由于他的命终,诸尼乾陀分裂了,分成两派,起了纠纷、起了争吵、陷入争论,以口舌之矛互相刺戳而住——‘你不了知这法与律,我了知这法与律,你哪能了知这法与律?你是邪行道者,我才是正行道者。我[所说]相应[义理],你[所说]不相应。应先说的你后说了,应后说的你先说了。你惯行的[主张]已被翻转,你的论已被举罪,你已被折伏;去为解脱你的论[设法]吧,若能够就解释开来!’在尼乾陀·若提子的门徒中,简直像是只有杀戮在进行。就连尼乾陀·若提子那些身着白衣的在家弟子,对尼乾陀·若提子的门徒们也显出厌离之相、离染之相、退避之相——正如对那恶说、恶宣说、不出离、不导向寂止、非正等正觉者所宣说、塔已破、无所依怙的法与律[所应有的那样]。

301. Tena kho pana samayena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto pāvāyaṃ adhunākālaṅkato hoti. Tassa kālaṅkiriyāya bhinnā nigaṇṭhā dvedhikajātā [ddheḷhakajātā (syā. kaṃ.)] bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṃ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharanti [vicaranti (syā. kaṃ.)] – ‘‘na tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāsi, ahaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāmi, kiṃ tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānissasi! Micchāpaṭipanno tvamasi, ahamasmi sammāpaṭipanno. Sahitaṃ me, asahitaṃ te. Purevacanīyaṃ pacchā avaca, pacchāvacanīyaṃ pure avaca. Adhiciṇṇaṃ te viparāvattaṃ, āropito te vādo, niggahito tvamasi, cara vādappamokkhāya, nibbeṭhehi vā sace pahosī’’ti. Vadhoyeva kho maññe nigaṇṭhesu nāṭaputtiyesu vattati. Yepi [yepi te (sī. pī.)] nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa sāvakā gihī odātavasanā, tepi nigaṇṭhesu nāṭaputtiyesu nibbinnarūpā virattarūpā paṭivānarūpā, yathā taṃ durakkhāte dhammavinaye duppavedite aniyyānike anupasamasaṃvattanike asammāsambuddhappavedite bhinnathūpe appaṭisaraṇe.
302PTS 3.211已对照

那时,具寿舍利弗对比丘们说:“贤友们,尼乾陀·若提子刚在波婆命终,由于他的命终,诸尼乾陀分裂了,分成两派……乃至……塔已破、无所依怙。”“贤友们,这就是在恶说的、恶宣说的、不导向出离的、不导向寂止的、非正等正觉者所宣说的法与律中会有的事。而贤友们,我们世尊的这个法是善说的、善宣说的、导向出离的、导向寂止的、正等正觉者所宣说的。于此,一切人都应当合诵,不应争论,好让这梵行长久、久住——那将是为了众人的利益,为了众人的安乐,为了怜悯世间,为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。“那么贤友们,什么是我们世尊那善说的、善宣说的、导向出离的、导向寂止的、正等正觉者所宣说的法,于此一切人都应当合诵,不应争论,好让这梵行长久、久住——那将是为了众人的利益,为了众人的安乐,为了怜悯世间,为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐呢?

302. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘nigaṇṭho, āvuso, nāṭaputto pāvāyaṃ adhunākālaṅkato, tassa kālaṅkiriyāya bhinnā nigaṇṭhā dvedhikajātā…pe… bhinnathūpe appaṭisaraṇe’’. ‘‘Evañhetaṃ, āvuso, hoti durakkhāte dhammavinaye duppavedite aniyyānike anupasamasaṃvattanike asammāsambuddhappavedite. Ayaṃ kho panāvuso amhākaṃ [asmākaṃ (pī.)] bhagavatā [bhagavato (ka. sī.)] dhammo svākkhāto suppavedito niyyāniko upasamasaṃvattaniko sammāsambuddhappavedito. Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ, na vivaditabbaṃ, yathayidaṃ brahmacariyaṃ addhaniyaṃ assa ciraṭṭhitikaṃ, tadassa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ.
‘‘Katamo cāvuso, amhākaṃ bhagavatā [bhagavato (ka. sī.)] dhammo svākkhāto suppavedito niyyāniko upasamasaṃvattaniko sammāsambuddhappavedito; yattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ, na vivaditabbaṃ, yathayidaṃ brahmacariyaṃ addhaniyaṃ assa ciraṭṭhitikaṃ, tadassa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ?
Ekakaṃ
303PTS 3.212缅 3.178已对照

一法

“贤友们,有那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的一法。于此,一切人都应当合诵,不应争论,好让这梵行长久、久住——那将是为了众人的利益,为了众人的安乐,为了怜悯世间,为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。是哪一法呢?“一切众生依食而住。一切众生依行而住。“贤友们,这就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的一法。于此,一切人都应当合诵,不应争论,好让这梵行长久、久住——那将是为了众人的利益,为了众人的安乐,为了怜悯世间,为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。

303. ‘‘Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena eko dhammo sammadakkhāto. Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ, na vivaditabbaṃ, yathayidaṃ brahmacariyaṃ addhaniyaṃ assa ciraṭṭhitikaṃ, tadassa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katamo eko dhammo? Sabbe sattā āhāraṭṭhitikā. Sabbe sattā saṅkhāraṭṭhitikā. Ayaṃ kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena eko dhammo sammadakkhāto. Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ, na vivaditabbaṃ, yathayidaṃ brahmacariyaṃ addhaniyaṃ assa ciraṭṭhitikaṃ, tadassa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ.
Dukaṃ
304PTS 3.213缅 3.179已对照

二法

“贤友们,有那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的二法。于此,一切人都应当合诵,不应争论,好让这梵行长久、久住——那将是为了众人的利益,为了众人的安乐,为了怜悯世间,为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。是哪二[法]呢?

“名与色。

“无明与有爱。

“有见与无有见。

“无惭与无愧。

“惭与愧。

“难受劝与恶友。

“易受劝与善友。

“犯[戒]善巧与出罪善巧。

“等至善巧与出等至善巧。

“界善巧与作意善巧。

“处善巧与缘起善巧。

“是处善巧与非处善巧。

“正直与知耻。

“忍耐与柔和。

“和蔼语与亲厚。

“不害与净洁。

“失念与不正知。

“念与正知。

“于诸根不守护根门与于食不知量。

“于诸根守护根门与于食知量。

“省思力与修习力。

“念力与定力。

“止与观。

“止之相与策励之相。

“策励与不散乱。

“戒的失坏与见的失坏。

“戒的具足与见的具足。

“戒清净与见清净。

“见清净,以及依如是见者的精勤。

“于诸应悚惧处的悚惧,以及已悚惧者的如理精勤。

“于诸善法的不知足,以及于精勤的不退缩。

“明与解脱。

“尽智与无生智。

“贤友们,这些就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的二法。于此,一切人都应当合诵,不应争论,好让这梵行长久、久住——那将是为了众人的利益,为了众人的安乐,为了怜悯世间,为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。

304. ‘‘Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dve dhammā sammadakkhātā. Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ, na vivaditabbaṃ, yathayidaṃ brahmacariyaṃ addhaniyaṃ assa ciraṭṭhitikaṃ, tadassa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katame dve [dve dhammo (syā. kaṃ.) evamuparipi]?
‘‘Nāmañca rūpañca.
‘‘Avijjā ca bhavataṇhā ca.
‘‘Bhavadiṭṭhi ca vibhavadiṭṭhi ca.
‘‘Ahirikañca [ahirīkañca (katthaci)] anottappañca.
‘‘Hirī ca ottappañca.
‘‘Dovacassatā ca pāpamittatā ca.
‘‘Sovacassatā ca kalyāṇamittatā ca.
‘‘Āpattikusalatā ca āpattivuṭṭhānakusalatā ca.
‘‘Samāpattikusalatā ca samāpattivuṭṭhānakusalatā ca.
‘‘Dhātukusalatā ca manasikārakusalatā ca.
‘‘Āyatanakusalatā ca paṭiccasamuppādakusalatā ca.
‘‘Ṭhānakusalatā ca aṭṭhānakusalatā ca.
‘‘Ajjavañca lajjavañca.
‘‘Khanti ca soraccañca.
‘‘Sākhalyañca paṭisanthāro ca.
‘‘Avihiṃsā ca soceyyañca.
‘‘Muṭṭhassaccañca asampajaññañca.
‘‘Sati ca sampajaññañca.
‘‘Indriyesu aguttadvāratā ca bhojane amattaññutā ca.
‘‘Indriyesu guttadvāratā ca bhojane mattaññutā ca.
‘‘Paṭisaṅkhānabalañca [paṭisandhānabalañca (syā.)] bhāvanābalañca.
‘‘Satibalañca samādhibalañca.
‘‘Samatho ca vipassanā ca.
‘‘Samathanimittañca paggahanimittañca.
‘‘Paggaho ca avikkhepo ca.
‘‘Sīlavipatti ca diṭṭhivipatti ca.
‘‘Sīlasampadā ca diṭṭhisampadā ca.
‘‘Sīlavisuddhi ca diṭṭhivisuddhi ca.
‘‘Diṭṭhivisuddhi kho pana yathā diṭṭhissa ca padhānaṃ.
‘‘Saṃvego ca saṃvejanīyesu ṭhānesu saṃviggassa ca yoniso padhānaṃ.
‘‘Asantuṭṭhitā ca kusalesu dhammesu appaṭivānitā ca padhānasmiṃ.
‘‘Vijjā ca vimutti ca.
‘‘Khayeñāṇaṃ anuppādeñāṇaṃ.
‘‘Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dve dhammā sammadakkhātā. Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ, na vivaditabbaṃ, yathayidaṃ brahmacariyaṃ addhaniyaṃ assa ciraṭṭhitikaṃ, tadassa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ.
Tikaṃ
305PTS 3.215缅 3.181已对照

三法

“贤友们,有那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的三法。于此,一切人都应当合诵……乃至……为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。是哪三[法]呢?

“三不善根——贪是不善根,瞋是不善根,痴是不善根。

“三善根——无贪是善根,无瞋是善根,无痴是善根。

“三恶行——身恶行、语恶行、意恶行。

“三善行——身善行、语善行、意善行。

“三不善寻——欲寻、瞋恚寻、害寻。

“三善寻——出离寻、无瞋恚寻、无害寻。

“三不善思惟——欲思惟、瞋恚思惟、害思惟。

“三善思惟——出离思惟、无瞋恚思惟、无害思惟。

“三不善想——欲想、瞋恚想、害想。

“三善想——出离想、无瞋恚想、无害想。

“三不善界——欲界、瞋恚界、害界。

“三善界——出离界、无瞋恚界、无害界。

“另有三界——欲界、色界、无色界。

“另有三界——色界、无色界、灭界。

“另有三界——劣界、中界、殊胜界。

“三爱——欲爱、有爱、无有爱。

“另有三爱——欲爱、色爱、无色爱。

“另有三爱——色爱、无色爱、灭爱。

“三结——有身见、疑、戒禁取。

“三漏——欲漏、有漏、无明漏。

“三有——欲有、色有、无色有。

“三求——欲求、有求、梵行求。

“三慢类——‘我胜’的慢类、‘我等’的慢类、‘我劣’的慢类。

“三世——过去世、未来世、现在世。

“三边——有身是一边,有身集是一边,有身灭是一边。

“三受——乐受、苦受、不苦不乐受。

“三苦性——苦苦性、行苦性、坏苦性。

“三聚——邪性决定聚、正性决定聚、不决定聚。

“三暗——就过去世而怀疑、犹豫、不胜解、不净信;就未来世而怀疑、犹豫、不胜解、不净信;就现在世而怀疑、犹豫、不胜解、不净信。

“如来的三种不须守护[之事]——贤友,如来身行清净,如来没有身恶行,[所以]没有如来须要守护的[事]——‘但愿他人不知道我这个’。贤友,如来语行清净,如来没有语恶行,[所以]没有如来须要守护的[事]——‘但愿他人不知道我这个’。贤友,如来意行清净,如来没有意恶行,[所以]没有如来须要守护的[事]——‘但愿他人不知道我这个’。

“三障——贪是障,瞋是障,痴是障。

“三火——贪火、瞋火、痴火。

“另有三火——应供养之火、家主之火、应奉施之火。

“色的三种摄类——有见有对之色、无见有对之色、无见无对之色。

“三行——福行、非福行、不动行。

“三种人——有学之人、无学之人、非有学非无学之人。

“三种长老——生[年]长老、法长老、共许长老。

“三福业事——布施所成的福业事、戒所成的福业事、修习所成的福业事。

“三诘责事——以所见、以所闻、以嫌疑。

“三欲生——贤友们,有众生的欲[境]是现前的,他们于现前的诸欲中运使其力,譬如人、一部分诸天、一部分堕处者。这是第一欲生。贤友们,有众生的欲[境]是自化的,他们一再化现而于诸欲中运使其力,譬如化乐天诸天。这是第二欲生。贤友们,有众生的欲[境]是他化的,他们于他所化现的诸欲中运使其力,譬如他化自在天诸天。这是第三欲生。

“三乐生——贤友们,有众生一再生起[乐]而住于乐,譬如梵身天诸天。这是第一乐生。贤友们,有众生为乐所浸润、遍润、充满、遍满,他们时而发出感兴语:‘啊,乐哉!啊,乐哉!’譬如光音天诸天。这是第二乐生。贤友们,有众生为乐所浸润、遍润、充满、遍满,他们知足而只领受那寂静的乐,譬如遍净天诸天。这是第三乐生。

“三慧——有学慧、无学慧、非有学非无学慧。

“另有三慧——思所成慧、闻所成慧、修所成慧。

“三武器——闻的武器、远离的武器、慧的武器。

“三根——未知当知根、已知根、具知根。

“三眼——肉眼、天眼、慧眼。

“三学——增上戒学、增上心学、增上慧学。

“三修习——身修习、心修习、慧修习。

“三无上——见无上、行道无上、解脱无上。

“三定——有寻有伺定、无寻唯伺定、无寻无伺定。

“另有三定——空定、无相定、无愿定。

“三净洁——身净洁、语净洁、意净洁。

“三牟尼行——身牟尼行、语牟尼行、意牟尼行。

“三善巧——增益善巧、损减善巧、方便善巧。

“三憍——无病憍、少壮憍、活命憍。

“三增上——自增上、世间增上、法增上。

“三论事——或就过去世而谈论:‘过去世曾是这样。’或就未来世而谈论:‘未来世将是这样。’或就现在的现在世而谈论:‘现在的现在世是这样。’

“三明——宿住随念智是明,众生死生智是明,诸漏尽智是明。

“三住——天住、梵住、圣住。

“三示导——神变示导、记说示导、教诫示导。

“贤友们,这些就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的三法。于此,一切人都应当合诵……乃至……为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。

305. ‘‘Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena tayo dhammā sammadakkhātā. Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ…pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katame tayo?
‘‘Tīṇi akusalamūlāni – lobho akusalamūlaṃ, doso akusalamūlaṃ, moho akusalamūlaṃ.
‘‘Tīṇi kusalamūlāni – alobho kusalamūlaṃ, adoso kusalamūlaṃ, amoho kusalamūlaṃ.
‘‘Tīṇi duccaritāni – kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ.
‘‘Tīṇi sucaritāni – kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ.
‘‘Tayo akusalavitakkā – kāmavitakko, byāpādavitakko, vihiṃsāvitakko.
‘‘Tayo kusalavitakkā – nekkhammavitakko, abyāpādavitakko, avihiṃsāvitakko.
‘‘Tayo akusalasaṅkappā – kāmasaṅkappo, byāpādasaṅkappo, vihiṃsāsaṅkappo.
‘‘Tayo kusalasaṅkappā – nekkhammasaṅkappo, abyāpādasaṅkappo, avihiṃsāsaṅkappo.
‘‘Tisso akusalasaññā – kāmasaññā, byāpādasaññā, vihiṃsāsaññā.
‘‘Tisso kusalasaññā – nekkhammasaññā, abyāpādasaññā, avihiṃsāsaññā.
‘‘Tisso akusaladhātuyo – kāmadhātu, byāpādadhātu, vihiṃsādhātu.
‘‘Tisso kusaladhātuyo – nekkhammadhātu, abyāpādadhātu, avihiṃsādhātu.
‘‘Aparāpi tisso dhātuyo – kāmadhātu, rūpadhātu, arūpadhātu.
‘‘Aparāpi tisso dhātuyo – rūpadhātu, arūpadhātu, nirodhadhātu.
‘‘Aparāpi tisso dhātuyo – hīnadhātu, majjhimadhātu, paṇītadhātu.
‘‘Tisso taṇhā – kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā.
‘‘Aparāpi tisso taṇhā – kāmataṇhā, rūpataṇhā, arūpataṇhā.
‘‘Aparāpi tisso taṇhā – rūpataṇhā, arūpataṇhā, nirodhataṇhā.
‘‘Tīṇi saṃyojanāni – sakkāyadiṭṭhi, vicikicchā, sīlabbataparāmāso.
‘‘Tayo āsavā – kāmāsavo, bhavāsavo, avijjāsavo.
‘‘Tayo bhavā – kāmabhavo, rūpabhavo, arūpabhavo.
‘‘Tisso esanā – kāmesanā, bhavesanā, brahmacariyesanā.
‘‘Tisso vidhā – seyyohamasmīti vidhā, sadisohamasmīti vidhā, hīnohamasmīti vidhā.
‘‘Tayo addhā – atīto addhā, anāgato addhā, paccuppanno addhā.
‘‘Tayo antā – sakkāyo anto, sakkāyasamudayo anto, sakkāyanirodho anto.
‘‘Tisso vedanā – sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā, adukkhamasukhā vedanā.
‘‘Tisso dukkhatā – dukkhadukkhatā, saṅkhāradukkhatā, vipariṇāmadukkhatā.
‘‘Tayo rāsī – micchattaniyato rāsi, sammattaniyato rāsi, aniyato rāsi.
‘‘Tayo tamā [tisso kaṅkhā (bahūsu) aṭṭhakathā oloketabbā] – atītaṃ vā addhānaṃ ārabbha kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati, anāgataṃ vā addhānaṃ ārabbha kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati, etarahi vā paccuppannaṃ addhānaṃ ārabbha kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati.
‘‘Tīṇi tathāgatassa arakkheyyāni – parisuddhakāyasamācāro āvuso tathāgato, natthi tathāgatassa kāyaduccaritaṃ, yaṃ tathāgato rakkheyya – ‘mā me idaṃ paro aññāsī’ti. Parisuddhavacīsamācāro āvuso, tathāgato, natthi tathāgatassa vacīduccaritaṃ, yaṃ tathāgato rakkheyya – ‘mā me idaṃ paro aññāsī’ti. Parisuddhamanosamācāro, āvuso, tathāgato, natthi tathāgatassa manoduccaritaṃ yaṃ tathāgato rakkheyya – ‘mā me idaṃ paro aññāsī’ti.
‘‘Tayo kiñcanā – rāgo kiñcanaṃ, doso kiñcanaṃ, moho kiñcanaṃ.
‘‘Tayo aggī – rāgaggi, dosaggi, mohaggi.
‘‘Aparepi tayo aggī – āhuneyyaggi, gahapataggi, dakkhiṇeyyaggi.
‘‘Tividhena rūpasaṅgaho – sanidassanasappaṭighaṃ rūpaṃ [sanidassanasappaṭigharūpaṃ (syā. kaṃ.) evamitaradvayepi], anidassanasappaṭighaṃ rūpaṃ, anidassanaappaṭighaṃ rūpaṃ.
‘‘Tayo saṅkhārā – puññābhisaṅkhāro, apuññābhisaṅkhāro, āneñjābhisaṅkhāro.
‘‘Tayo puggalā – sekkho puggalo, asekkho puggalo, nevasekkhonāsekkho puggalo.
‘‘Tayo therā – jātithero, dhammathero, sammutithero [sammatithero (syā. kaṃ.)].
‘‘Tīṇi puññakiriyavatthūni – dānamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu, sīlamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu, bhāvanāmayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu.
‘‘Tīṇi codanāvatthūni – diṭṭhena, sutena, parisaṅkāya.
‘‘Tisso kāmūpapattiyo [kāmuppattiyo (sī.), kāmupapattiyo (syā. pī. ka.)] – santāvuso sattā paccupaṭṭhitakāmā, te paccupaṭṭhitesu kāmesu vasaṃ vattenti, seyyathāpi manussā ekacce ca devā ekacce ca vinipātikā. Ayaṃ paṭhamā kāmūpapatti. Santāvuso, sattā nimmitakāmā, te nimminitvā nimminitvā kāmesu vasaṃ vattenti, seyyathāpi devā nimmānaratī. Ayaṃ dutiyā kāmūpapatti. Santāvuso sattā paranimmitakāmā, te paranimmitesu kāmesu vasaṃ vattenti, seyyathāpi devā paranimmitavasavattī. Ayaṃ tatiyā kāmūpapatti.
‘‘Tisso sukhūpapattiyo [sukhupapattiyo (syā. pī. ka.)] – santāvuso sattā [sattā sukhaṃ (syā. kaṃ.)] uppādetvā uppādetvā sukhaṃ viharanti, seyyathāpi devā brahmakāyikā. Ayaṃ paṭhamā sukhūpapatti. Santāvuso, sattā sukhena abhisannā parisannā paripūrā paripphuṭā. Te kadāci karahaci udānaṃ udānenti – ‘aho sukhaṃ, aho sukha’nti, seyyathāpi devā ābhassarā. Ayaṃ dutiyā sukhūpapatti. Santāvuso, sattā sukhena abhisannā parisannā paripūrā paripphuṭā. Te santaṃyeva tusitā [santusitā (syā. kaṃ.)] sukhaṃ [cittasukhaṃ (syā. ka.)] paṭisaṃvedenti, seyyathāpi devā subhakiṇhā. Ayaṃ tatiyā sukhūpapatti.
‘‘Tisso paññā – sekkhā paññā, asekkhā paññā, nevasekkhānāsekkhā paññā.
‘‘Aparāpi tisso paññā – cintāmayā paññā, sutamayā paññā, bhāvanāmayā paññā.
‘‘Tīṇāvudhāni – sutāvudhaṃ, pavivekāvudhaṃ, paññāvudhaṃ.
‘‘Tīṇindriyāni – anaññātaññassāmītindriyaṃ, aññindriyaṃ, aññātāvindriyaṃ.
‘‘Tīṇi cakkhūni – maṃsacakkhu, dibbacakkhu, paññācakkhu.
‘‘Tisso sikkhā – adhisīlasikkhā, adhicittasikkhā, adhipaññāsikkhā.
‘‘Tisso bhāvanā – kāyabhāvanā, cittabhāvanā, paññābhāvanā.
‘‘Tīṇi anuttariyāni – dassanānuttariyaṃ, paṭipadānuttariyaṃ, vimuttānuttariyaṃ.
‘‘Tayo samādhī – savitakkasavicāro samādhi, avitakkavicāramatto samādhi, avitakkaavicāro samādhi.
‘‘Aparepi tayo samādhī – suññato samādhi, animitto samādhi, appaṇihito samādhi.
‘‘Tīṇi soceyyāni – kāyasoceyyaṃ, vacīsoceyyaṃ, manosoceyyaṃ.
‘‘Tīṇi moneyyāni – kāyamoneyyaṃ, vacīmoneyyaṃ, manomoneyyaṃ.
‘‘Tīṇi kosallāni – āyakosallaṃ, apāyakosallaṃ, upāyakosallaṃ.
‘‘Tayo madā – ārogyamado, yobbanamado, jīvitamado.
‘‘Tīṇi ādhipateyyāni – attādhipateyyaṃ, lokādhipateyyaṃ, dhammādhipateyyaṃ.
‘‘Tīṇi kathāvatthūni – atītaṃ vā addhānaṃ ārabbha kathaṃ katheyya – ‘evaṃ ahosi atītamaddhāna’nti; anāgataṃ vā addhānaṃ ārabbha kathaṃ katheyya – ‘evaṃ bhavissati anāgatamaddhāna’nti; etarahi vā paccuppannaṃ addhānaṃ ārabbha kathaṃ katheyya – ‘evaṃ hoti etarahi paccuppannaṃ addhāna’nti.
‘‘Tisso vijjā – pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ vijjā, sattānaṃ cutūpapāteñāṇaṃ vijjā, āsavānaṃ khayeñāṇaṃ vijjā.
‘‘Tayo vihārā – dibbo vihāro, brahmā vihāro, ariyo vihāro.
‘‘Tīṇi pāṭihāriyāni – iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ, ādesanāpāṭihāriyaṃ, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ.
‘‘Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena tayo dhammā sammadakkhātā. Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ…pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ.
Catukkaṃ
306PTS 3.221缅 3.185已对照

四法

“贤友们,有那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的四法。于此,一切人都应当合诵,不应争论……乃至……为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。是哪四[法]呢?

306. ‘‘Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro dhammā sammadakkhātā. Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ, na vivaditabbaṃ…pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katame cattāro?
已对照

“四念处。贤友,在此,比丘于身随观身而住,热勤(ātāpī)、正知、具念,调伏世间的贪与忧;于诸受随观受……乃至……于心随观心……乃至……于诸法随观法而住,热勤、正知、具念,调伏世间的贪与忧。

‘‘Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Vedanāsu vedanānupassī…pe… citte cittānupassī…pe… dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ.
已对照

“四正勤。贤友,在此,比丘为令未生的恶不善法不生,生起欲,努力,发起精进,策励心,精勤;为舍断已生的恶不善法,生起欲,努力,发起精进,策励心,精勤;为令未生的善法生起,生起欲,努力,发起精进,策励心,精勤;为令已生的善法住立、不忘失、增多、广大、由修习而圆满,生起欲,努力,发起精进,策励心,精勤。

‘‘Cattāro sammappadhānā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. Uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. Anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. Uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
PTS 3.222已对照

“四神足。贤友,在此,比丘修习具足欲定勤行的神足,修习具足心定勤行的神足,修习具足精进定勤行的神足,修习具足审察(vīmaṃsā)定勤行的神足。

‘‘Cattāro iddhipādā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu chandasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti. Cittasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti. Vīriyasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti. Vīmaṃsāsamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti.
缅 3.186已对照

“四禅。贤友,在此,比丘离诸欲,离诸不善法,有寻(vitakka)、有伺(vicāra),离生喜、乐,成就并住于初禅。寻、伺寂止,内洁净,心专一性,无寻、无伺,定生喜、乐,成就并住于第二禅。离喜,住于舍(upekkhā),具念与正知,以身受乐,正如圣者们所说的:‘舍、具念、乐住。’成就并住于第三禅。舍断乐与舍断苦,先前的喜、忧已经灭没,不苦不乐,舍念清净(upekkhāsatipārisuddhi),成就并住于第四禅。

‘‘Cattāri jhānāni. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ [paṭhamajjhānaṃ (syā. kaṃ.)] upasampajja viharati. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ [dutiyajjhānaṃ (syā. kaṃ.)] upasampajja viharati. Pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ [tatiyajjhānaṃ (syā. kaṃ.)] upasampajja viharati. Sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā, pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā, adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ [catutthajjhānaṃ (syā. kaṃ.)] upasampajja viharati.
307已对照

“四定修习。贤友,有定修习,修习、多作后能导向现法乐住。贤友,有定修习,修习、多作后能导向智见的获得。贤友,有定修习,修习、多作后能导向正念正知。贤友,有定修习,修习、多作后能导向诸漏的灭尽。

307. ‘‘Catasso samādhibhāvanā. Atthāvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārāya saṃvattati. Atthāvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ñāṇadassanapaṭilābhāya saṃvattati. Atthāvuso samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satisampajaññāya saṃvattati. Atthāvuso samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā āsavānaṃ khayāya saṃvattati.
PTS 3.223已对照

“贤友,什么是修习、多作后能导向现法乐住的定修习呢?贤友,在此,比丘离诸欲,离诸不善法,有寻、有伺……乃至……成就并住于第四禅。贤友,这就是修习、多作后能导向现法乐住的定修习。

‘‘Katamā cāvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārāya saṃvattati? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ, āvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārāya saṃvattati.
已对照

“贤友,什么是修习、多作后能导向智见获得的定修习呢?贤友,在此,比丘作意光明想,确立昼想:如昼,夜亦如是;如夜,昼亦如是。他就这样以开显而不被覆盖的心,修习有光明的心。贤友,这就是修习、多作后能导向智见获得的定修习。

‘‘Katamā cāvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ñāṇadassanapaṭilābhāya saṃvattati? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu ālokasaññaṃ manasi karoti, divāsaññaṃ adhiṭṭhāti yathā divā tathā rattiṃ, yathā rattiṃ tathā divā. Iti vivaṭena cetasā apariyonaddhena sappabhāsaṃ cittaṃ bhāveti. Ayaṃ, āvuso samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ñāṇadassanapaṭilābhāya saṃvattati.
已对照

“贤友,什么是修习、多作后能导向正念正知的定修习呢?贤友,在此,比丘的诸受是被了知地生起,被了知地现起,被了知地灭没;诸想是被了知地生起,被了知地现起,被了知地灭没;诸寻是被了知地生起,被了知地现起,被了知地灭没。贤友,这就是修习、多作后能导向正念正知的定修习。

‘‘Katamā cāvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satisampajaññāya saṃvattati? Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno viditā vedanā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. Viditā saññā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. Viditā vitakkā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. Ayaṃ, āvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā satisampajaññāya saṃvattati.
缅 3.187已对照

“贤友,什么是修习、多作后能导向诸漏灭尽的定修习呢?贤友,在此,比丘于五取蕴随观生灭而住:‘色是如此,色的集起是如此,色的灭没是如此;受……乃至……想……行……识是如此,识的集起是如此,识的灭没是如此。’贤友,这就是修习、多作后能导向诸漏灭尽的定修习。

‘‘Katamā cāvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā āsavānaṃ khayāya saṃvattati? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassī viharati. Iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo. Iti vedanā…pe… iti saññā… iti saṅkhārā… iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo. Ayaṃ, āvuso, samādhibhāvanā bhāvitā bahulīkatā āsavānaṃ khayāya saṃvattati.
308PTS 3.224已对照

“四无量。贤友,在此,比丘以与慈俱的心遍满一方而住,第二[方]亦如是,第三[方]亦如是,第四[方]亦如是;如是上、下、四维、一切处,以一切为己,以与慈俱的心,广、大、无量、无怨、无恼害,遍满一切世间而住。以与悲俱的心……乃至……以与喜俱的心……乃至……以与舍俱的心遍满一方而住,第二[方]亦如是,第三[方]亦如是,第四[方]亦如是;如是上、下、四维、一切处,以一切为己,以与舍俱的心,广、大、无量、无怨、无恼害,遍满一切世间而住。

308. ‘‘Catasso appamaññā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati. Tathā dutiyaṃ. Tathā tatiyaṃ. Tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena [abyāpajjhena (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] pharitvā viharati. Karuṇāsahagatena cetasā…pe… muditāsahagatena cetasā…pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati. Tathā dutiyaṃ. Tathā tatiyaṃ. Tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati.
已对照

“四无色。贤友,在此,比丘完全超越色想,有对想灭没,不作意种种想,[知]‘虚空是无边的’,成就并住于空无边处;完全超越空无边处,[知]‘识是无边的’,成就并住于识无边处;完全超越识无边处,[知]‘什么都没有’,成就并住于无所有处;完全超越无所有处,成就并住于非想非非想处。

‘‘Cattāro āruppā. [arūpā (syā. kaṃ. pī.)] Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati.
已对照

“四所依。贤友,在此,比丘审虑之后受用一[类事],审虑之后忍受一[类事],审虑之后回避一[类事],审虑之后除遣一[类事]。

‘‘Cattāri apassenāni. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu saṅkhāyekaṃ paṭisevati, saṅkhāyekaṃ adhivāseti, saṅkhāyekaṃ parivajjeti, saṅkhāyekaṃ vinodeti.
309PTS 3.225缅 3.188已对照

“四圣种。贤友,在此,比丘对随得的衣知足,并且是随得衣知足的称赞者,也不为衣之故行不适当的邪求;未得衣而不焦躁,得衣而不贪着、不迷醉、不耽溺,见过患、有出离慧地受用它;又不因这随得衣知足而自赞、毁他。凡是在这方面娴熟、不懈怠、正知、具念的,贤友,这样的比丘就称为‘安住于古老、本初的圣种’。

309. ‘‘Cattāro ariyavaṃsā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti itarītarena cīvarena, itarītaracīvarasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī, na ca cīvarahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjati; aladdhā ca cīvaraṃ na paritassati, laddhā ca cīvaraṃ agadhito [agathito (sī. pī.)] amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati; tāya ca pana itarītaracīvarasantuṭṭhiyā nevattānukkaṃseti na paraṃ vambheti. Yo hi tattha dakkho analaso sampajāno paṭissato, ayaṃ vuccatāvuso – ‘bhikkhu porāṇe aggaññe ariyavaṃse ṭhito’.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘对随得的钵食知足,并且是随得钵食知足的称赞者,也不为钵食之故行不适当的邪求;未得钵食而不焦躁,得钵食而不贪着、不迷醉、不耽溺,见过患、有出离慧地受用它;又不因这随得钵食知足而自赞、毁他。凡是在这方面娴熟、不懈怠、正知、具念的,贤友,这样的比丘就称为‘安住于古老、本初的圣种’。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti itarītarena piṇḍapātena, itarītarapiṇḍapātasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī, na ca piṇḍapātahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjati; aladdhā ca piṇḍapātaṃ na paritassati, laddhā ca piṇḍapātaṃ agadhito amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati; tāya ca pana itarītarapiṇḍapātasantuṭṭhiyā nevattānukkaṃseti na paraṃ vambheti. Yo hi tattha dakkho analaso sampajāno paṭissato, ayaṃ vuccatāvuso – ‘bhikkhu porāṇe aggaññe ariyavaṃse ṭhito’.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘对随得的坐卧处知足,并且是随得坐卧处知足的称赞者,也不为坐卧处之故行不适当的邪求;未得坐卧处而不焦躁,得坐卧处而不贪着、不迷醉、不耽溺,见过患、有出离慧地受用它;又不因这随得坐卧处知足而自赞、毁他。凡是在这方面娴熟、不懈怠、正知、具念的,贤友,这样的比丘就称为‘安住于古老、本初的圣种’。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti itarītarena senāsanena, itarītarasenāsanasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī, na ca senāsanahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjati; aladdhā ca senāsanaṃ na paritassati, laddhā ca senāsanaṃ agadhito amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati; tāya ca pana itarītarasenāsanasantuṭṭhiyā nevattānukkaṃseti na paraṃ vambheti. Yo hi tattha dakkho analaso sampajāno paṭissato, ayaṃ vuccatāvuso – ‘bhikkhu porāṇe aggaññe ariyavaṃse ṭhito’.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘乐于断、喜于断,乐于修习、喜于修习;又不因这乐于断、喜于断、乐于修习、喜于修习而自赞、毁他。凡是在这方面娴熟、不懈怠、正知、具念的,贤友,这样的比丘就称为‘安住于古老、本初的圣种’。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu pahānārāmo hoti pahānarato, bhāvanārāmo hoti bhāvanārato; tāya ca pana pahānārāmatāya pahānaratiyā bhāvanārāmatāya bhāvanāratiyā nevattānukkaṃseti na paraṃ vambheti. Yo hi tattha dakkho analaso sampajāno paṭissato ayaṃ vuccatāvuso – ‘bhikkhu porāṇe aggaññe ariyavaṃse ṭhito’.
310PTS 3.226缅 3.189已对照

“四勤——防护勤、断勤、修习勤、随护勤。

“贤友,什么是防护勤呢?贤友,在此,比丘以眼见色后,不取于相,不取随相。若不守护眼根而住,贪与忧[等]恶不善法就会流入,所以他为防护它而行道,守护眼根,致力于眼根的律仪。以耳闻声后……以鼻嗅香后……以舌尝味后……以身触所触后……以意识知法后,不取于相,不取随相。若不守护意根而住,贪与忧[等]恶不善法就会流入,所以他为防护它而行道,守护意根,致力于意根的律仪。贤友,这称为防护勤。

“贤友,什么是断勤呢?贤友,在此,比丘不容忍已生的欲寻,断除它、除遣它、令它灭尽、令它归于不存在;已生的瞋恚寻……乃至……已生的害寻……对一再生起的恶不善法不容忍,断除它、除遣它、令它灭尽、令它归于不存在。贤友,这称为断勤。

“贤友,什么是修习勤呢?贤友,在此,比丘修习依远离、依离贪、依灭、成熟于舍遣的念觉支;修习择法觉支……修习精进觉支……修习喜觉支……修习轻安觉支……修习定觉支……修习依远离、依离贪、依灭、成熟于舍遣的舍觉支。贤友,这称为修习勤。

“贤友,什么是随护勤呢?贤友,在此,比丘随护已生的善妙定相——骨想、虫聚想、青瘀想、断坏想、膨胀想。贤友,这称为随护勤。

“四智——法智、类智、他心智、世俗智。

“另有四智——于苦的智、于苦集的智、于苦灭的智、于导向苦灭之道的智。

310. ‘‘Cattāri padhānāni. Saṃvarapadhānaṃ pahānapadhānaṃ bhāvanāpadhānaṃ [bhāvanāppadhānaṃ (syā.)] anurakkhaṇāpadhānaṃ [anurakkhanāppadhānaṃ (syā.)]. Katamañcāvuso, saṃvarapadhānaṃ? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ manindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati manindriyaṃ, manindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Idaṃ vuccatāvuso, saṃvarapadhānaṃ.
‘‘Katamañcāvuso, pahānapadhānaṃ? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantiṃ karoti [byantī karoti (syā. kaṃ.)] anabhāvaṃ gameti. Uppannaṃ byāpādavitakkaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ… uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantiṃ karoti anabhāvaṃ gameti. Idaṃ vuccatāvuso, pahānapadhānaṃ.
‘‘Katamañcāvuso, bhāvanāpadhānaṃ? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti… vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti… pītisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti… passaddhisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti… samādhisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Idaṃ vuccatāvuso, bhāvanāpadhānaṃ.
‘‘Katamañcāvuso, anurakkhaṇāpadhānaṃ? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu uppannaṃ bhadrakaṃ [bhaddakaṃ (syā. kaṃ. pī.)] samādhinimittaṃ anurakkhati – aṭṭhikasaññaṃ, puḷuvakasaññaṃ [puḷavakasaññaṃ (sī. pī.)], vinīlakasaññaṃ, vicchiddakasaññaṃ, uddhumātakasaññaṃ. Idaṃ vuccatāvuso, anurakkhaṇāpadhānaṃ.
‘‘Cattāri ñāṇāni – dhamme ñāṇaṃ, anvaye ñāṇaṃ, pariye [paricce (sī. ka.), paricchede (syā. pī. ka.) ṭīkā oloketabbā] ñāṇaṃ, sammutiyā ñāṇaṃ [sammatiñāṇaṃ (syā. kaṃ.)].
‘‘Aparānipi cattāri ñāṇāni – dukkhe ñāṇaṃ, dukkhasamudaye ñāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhe ñāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ.
311已对照

“四须陀洹支——亲近善士、听闻正法、如理作意、法随法行。

311. ‘‘Cattāri sotāpattiyaṅgāni – sappurisasaṃsevo, saddhammassavanaṃ, yonisomanasikāro, dhammānudhammappaṭipatti.
已对照

“须陀洹者的四支。贤友,在此,圣弟子对佛具足不坏净信(aveccappasāda):‘那位世尊亦即是阿罗汉、正等正觉者、明行具足(vijjācaraṇasampanna)、善逝(sugata)、世间解(lokavidū)、无上者、调御丈夫(anuttara purisadammasārathi)、天人导师(satthā devamanussānaṃ)、佛陀(buddha)、世尊。’对法具足不坏净信:‘法是世尊所善说的、现见的、无时的、来见的、导向[涅槃]的、智者们各自应证知的。’对僧具足不坏净信:‘世尊的弟子僧是善行道者,世尊的弟子僧是正直行道者,世尊的弟子僧是如理行道者,世尊的弟子僧是正当行道者,也就是四双八辈之人——这就是世尊的弟子僧,应供养、应款待、应奉施、应合掌,是世间无上的福田。’具足圣者所喜爱的诸戒——无毁、无穿、无斑、无杂、自在、智者所赞、不被执取、导向定。

‘‘Cattāri sotāpannassa aṅgāni. Idhāvuso, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho, bhagavā’ti. Dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko [opanayiko (syā. kaṃ.)] paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho ujuppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho ñāyappaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho sāmīcippaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho yadidaṃ cattāri purisayugāni aṭṭha purisapuggalā, esa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti. Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi acchiddehi asabalehi akammāsehi bhujissehi viññuppasatthehi aparāmaṭṭhehi samādhisaṃvattanikehi.
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“四沙门果——须陀洹果、斯陀含果、阿那含果、阿罗汉果。

‘‘Cattāri sāmaññaphalāni – sotāpattiphalaṃ, sakadāgāmiphalaṃ, anāgāmiphalaṃ, arahattaphalaṃ.
PTS 3.228已对照

“四界——地界、水界、火界、风界。

‘‘Catasso dhātuyo – pathavīdhātu, āpodhātu, tejodhātu, vāyodhātu.
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“四食——粗或细的段食为第一,触为第二,意思为第三,识为第四。

‘‘Cattāro āhārā – kabaḷīkāro āhāro oḷāriko vā sukhumo vā, phasso dutiyo, manosañcetanā tatiyā, viññāṇaṃ catutthaṃ.
缅 3.191已对照

“四识住。贤友,识住立时,或以色为攀附而住立,以色为所缘,以色为立足处,以喜为浇灌,达到增长、增广、广大;贤友,或以受为攀附……乃至……贤友,或以想为攀附……乃至……贤友,或以行为攀附而住立,以行为所缘,以行为立足处,以喜为浇灌,达到增长、增广、广大。

‘‘Catasso viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo. Rūpūpāyaṃ vā, āvuso, viññāṇaṃ tiṭṭhamānaṃ tiṭṭhati rūpārammaṇaṃ [rūpāramaṇaṃ (?)] rūpappatiṭṭhaṃ nandūpasecanaṃ vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjati; vedanūpāyaṃ vā āvuso…pe… saññūpāyaṃ vā, āvuso…pe… saṅkhārūpāyaṃ vā, āvuso, viññāṇaṃ tiṭṭhamānaṃ tiṭṭhati saṅkhārārammaṇaṃ saṅkhārappatiṭṭhaṃ nandūpasecanaṃ vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjati.
已对照

“四趣非道[之事]——因欲而趣非道,因瞋而趣非道,因痴而趣非道,因怖而趣非道。

‘‘Cattāri agatigamanāni – chandāgatiṃ gacchati, dosāgati gacchati, mohāgatiṃ gacchati, bhayāgatiṃ gacchati.
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“四爱生起[处]——贤友,比丘的爱在生起时,或因衣而生起;贤友,比丘的爱在生起时,或因钵食而生起;贤友,比丘的爱在生起时,或因坐卧处而生起;贤友,比丘的爱在生起时,或因如是的有与无有而生起。

‘‘Cattāro taṇhuppādā – cīvarahetu vā, āvuso, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati; piṇḍapātahetu vā, āvuso, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati; senāsanahetu vā, āvuso, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati; itibhavābhavahetu vā, āvuso, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati.
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“四行道——苦行道迟通达,苦行道速通达,乐行道迟通达,乐行道速通达。

‘‘Catasso paṭipadā – dukkhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā, dukkhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā, sukhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā, sukhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā.
PTS 3.229已对照

“另有四行道——不堪忍行道、堪忍行道、调伏行道、止息行道。

‘‘Aparāpi catasso paṭipadā – akkhamā paṭipadā, khamā paṭipadā, damā paṭipadā, samā paṭipadā.
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“四法句——无贪是法句,无瞋恚是法句,正念是法句,正定是法句。

‘‘Cattāri dhammapadāni – anabhijjhā dhammapadaṃ, abyāpādo dhammapadaṃ, sammāsati dhammapadaṃ, sammāsamādhi dhammapadaṃ.
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“四法受——贤友,有法受是现在苦而未来也是苦异熟的;贤友,有法受是现在苦而未来是乐异熟的;贤友,有法受是现在乐而未来是苦异熟的;贤友,有法受是现在乐而未来也是乐异熟的。

‘‘Cattāri dhammasamādānāni – atthāvuso, dhammasamādānaṃ paccuppannadukkhañceva āyatiñca dukkhavipākaṃ. Atthāvuso, dhammasamādānaṃ paccuppannadukkhaṃ āyatiṃ sukhavipākaṃ. Atthāvuso, dhammasamādānaṃ paccuppannasukhaṃ āyatiṃ dukkhavipākaṃ. Atthāvuso, dhammasamādānaṃ paccuppannasukhañceva āyatiñca sukhavipākaṃ.
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“四法蕴——戒蕴、定蕴、慧蕴、解脱蕴。

‘‘Cattāro dhammakkhandhā – sīlakkhandho, samādhikkhandho, paññākkhandho, vimuttikkhandho.
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“四力——精进力、念力、定力、慧力。

‘‘Cattāri balāni – vīriyabalaṃ, satibalaṃ, samādhibalaṃ, paññābalaṃ.
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“四确立——慧确立、谛确立、施舍确立、寂止确立。

‘‘Cattāri adhiṭṭhānāni – paññādhiṭṭhānaṃ, saccādhiṭṭhānaṃ, cāgādhiṭṭhānaṃ, upasamādhiṭṭhānaṃ.
312缅 3.192已对照

“四记问——应一向记说之问、应反诘记说之问、应分别记说之问、应搁置之问。

312. ‘‘Cattāri pañhabyākaraṇāni – [cattāro pañhābyākaraṇā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] ekaṃsabyākaraṇīyo pañho, paṭipucchābyākaraṇīyo pañho, vibhajjabyākaraṇīyo pañho, ṭhapanīyo pañho.
PTS 3.230已对照

“四业——贤友,有业是黑而黑异熟的;贤友,有业是白而白异熟的;贤友,有业是黑白而黑白异熟的;贤友,有业是非黑非白而非黑非白异熟的,能导向业的灭尽。

‘‘Cattāri kammāni – atthāvuso, kammaṃ kaṇhaṃ kaṇhavipākaṃ; atthāvuso, kammaṃ sukkaṃ sukkavipākaṃ; atthāvuso, kammaṃ kaṇhasukkaṃ kaṇhasukkavipākaṃ; atthāvuso, kammaṃ akaṇhaasukkaṃ akaṇhaasukkavipākaṃ kammakkhayāya saṃvattati.
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“四应作证之法——宿住应以念作证;众生的死生应以眼作证;八解脱应以身作证;诸漏的灭尽应以慧作证。

‘‘Cattāro sacchikaraṇīyā dhammā – pubbenivāso satiyā sacchikaraṇīyo; sattānaṃ cutūpapāto cakkhunā sacchikaraṇīyo; aṭṭha vimokkhā kāyena sacchikaraṇīyā; āsavānaṃ khayo paññāya sacchikaraṇīyo.
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“四暴流——欲暴流、有暴流、见暴流、无明暴流。

‘‘Cattāro oghā – kāmogho, bhavogho, diṭṭhogho, avijjogho.
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“四轭——欲轭、有轭、见轭、无明轭。

‘‘Cattāro yogā – kāmayogo, bhavayogo, diṭṭhiyogo, avijjāyogo.
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“四离轭——欲轭的离轭、有轭的离轭、见轭的离轭、无明轭的离轭。

‘‘Cattāro visaññogā – kāmayogavisaññogo, bhavayogavisaññogo, diṭṭhiyogavisaññogo, avijjāyogavisaññogo.
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“四系——贪欲身系、瞋恚身系、戒禁取身系、此谛执取身系。

‘‘Cattāro ganthā – abhijjhā kāyagantho, byāpādo kāyagantho, sīlabbataparāmāso kāyagantho, idaṃsaccābhiniveso kāyagantho.
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“四取——欲取、见取、戒禁取、我论取。

‘‘Cattāri upādānāni – kāmupādānaṃ [kāmūpādānaṃ (sī. pī.) evamitaresupi], diṭṭhupādānaṃ, sīlabbatupādānaṃ, attavādupādānaṃ.
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“四生——卵生、胎生、湿生、化生。

‘‘Catasso yoniyo – aṇḍajayoni, jalābujayoni, saṃsedajayoni, opapātikayoni.
PTS 3.231缅 3.193已对照

“四入胎。贤友,在此,有一类[人]不正知地入母胎,不正知地住于母胎,不正知地出母胎,这是第一入胎。复次,贤友,在此有一类[人]正知地入母胎,不正知地住于母胎,不正知地出母胎,这是第二入胎。复次,贤友,在此有一类[人]正知地入母胎,正知地住于母胎,不正知地出母胎,这是第三入胎。复次,贤友,在此有一类[人]正知地入母胎,正知地住于母胎,正知地出母胎,这是第四入胎。

‘‘Catasso gabbhāvakkantiyo. Idhāvuso, ekacco asampajāno mātukucchiṃ okkamati, asampajāno mātukucchismiṃ ṭhāti, asampajāno mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, ayaṃ paṭhamā gabbhāvakkanti. Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, idhekacco sampajāno mātukucchiṃ okkamati, asampajāno mātukucchismiṃ ṭhāti, asampajāno mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, ayaṃ dutiyā gabbhāvakkanti. Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, idhekacco sampajāno mātukucchiṃ okkamati, sampajāno mātukucchismiṃ ṭhāti, asampajāno mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, ayaṃ tatiyā gabbhāvakkanti. Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, idhekacco sampajāno mātukucchiṃ okkamati, sampajāno mātukucchismiṃ ṭhāti, sampajāno mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, ayaṃ catutthā gabbhāvakkanti.
已对照

“四自体获得。贤友,有自体获得,于此自体获得中只有自[身之]思转起,而无他[者之]思。贤友,有自体获得,于此自体获得中只有他[者之]思转起,而无自[身之]思。贤友,有自体获得,于此自体获得中自[身之]思与他[者之]思俱转起。贤友,有自体获得,于此自体获得中自[身之]思与他[者之]思俱不转起。

‘‘Cattāro attabhāvapaṭilābhā. Atthāvuso, attabhāvapaṭilābho, yasmiṃ attabhāvapaṭilābhe attasañcetanāyeva kamati, no parasañcetanā. Atthāvuso, attabhāvapaṭilābho, yasmiṃ attabhāvapaṭilābhe parasañcetanāyeva kamati, no attasañcetanā. Atthāvuso, attabhāvapaṭilābho, yasmiṃ attabhāvapaṭilābhe attasañcetanā ceva kamati parasañcetanā ca. Atthāvuso, attabhāvapaṭilābho, yasmiṃ attabhāvapaṭilābhe neva attasañcetanā kamati, no parasañcetanā.
313PTS 3.232已对照

“四奉施清净。贤友,有奉施由施者而清净,不由受者。贤友,有奉施由受者而清净,不由施者。贤友,有奉施既不由施者清净,也不由受者。贤友,有奉施既由施者清净,也由受者。

313. ‘‘Catasso dakkhiṇāvisuddhiyo. Atthāvuso, dakkhiṇā dāyakato visujjhati no paṭiggāhakato. Atthāvuso, dakkhiṇā paṭiggāhakato visujjhati no dāyakato. Atthāvuso, dakkhiṇā neva dāyakato visujjhati no paṭiggāhakato. Atthāvuso, dakkhiṇā dāyakato ceva visujjhati paṭiggāhakato ca.
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“四摄事——布施、爱语、利行、同事。

‘‘Cattāri saṅgahavatthūni – dānaṃ, peyyavajjaṃ [piyavajjaṃ (syā. kaṃ. ka.)], atthacariyā, samānattatā.
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“四非圣言说——虚妄语、离间语、粗恶语、杂秽语。

‘‘Cattāro anariyavohārā – musāvādo, pisuṇāvācā, pharusāvācā, samphappalāpo.
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“四圣言说——离虚妄语、离离间语、离粗恶语、离杂秽语。

‘‘Cattāro ariyavohārā – musāvādā veramaṇī [veramaṇi (ka.)], pisuṇāya vācāya veramaṇī, pharusāya vācāya veramaṇī, samphappalāpā veramaṇī.
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“另有四非圣言说——于未见说见,于未闻说闻,于未觉说觉,于未识说识。

‘‘Aparepi cattāro anariyavohārā – adiṭṭhe diṭṭhavāditā, assute sutavāditā, amute mutavāditā, aviññāte viññātavāditā.
缅 3.194已对照

“另有四圣言说——于未见说未见,于未闻说未闻,于未觉说未觉,于未识说未识。

‘‘Aparepi cattāro ariyavohārā – adiṭṭhe adiṭṭhavāditā, assute assutavāditā, amute amutavāditā, aviññāte aviññātavāditā.
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“另有四非圣言说——于已见说未见,于已闻说未闻,于已觉说未觉,于已识说未识。

‘‘Aparepi cattāro anariyavohārā – diṭṭhe adiṭṭhavāditā, sute assutavāditā, mute amutavāditā, viññāte aviññātavāditā.
已对照

“另有四圣言说——于已见说已见,于已闻说已闻,于已觉说已觉,于已识说已识。

‘‘Aparepi cattāro ariyavohārā – diṭṭhe diṭṭhavāditā, sute sutavāditā, mute mutavāditā, viññāte viññātavāditā.
314PTS 3.233缅 3.195已对照

“四种人。贤友,在此,有一类人是自苦者,从事自我折磨之行。贤友,在此,有一类人是苦他者,从事折磨他人之行。贤友,在此,有一类人既是自苦者、从事自我折磨之行,又是苦他者、从事折磨他人之行。贤友,在此,有一类人既不是自苦者、不从事自我折磨之行,也不是苦他者、不从事折磨他人之行。他不自苦、不苦他,就在现法中无饥渴、已寂灭、已清凉,领受乐,以已成梵的自身而住。

“另有四种人。贤友,在此,有一类人为自利而行道,不为他利。贤友,在此,有一类人为他利而行道,不为自利。贤友,在此,有一类人既不为自利而行道,也不为他利。贤友,在此,有一类人既为自利而行道,也为他利。

“另有四种人——暗而趣暗者、暗而趣明者、明而趣暗者、明而趣明者。

“另有四种人——不动沙门、红莲沙门、白莲沙门、诸沙门中的柔嫩沙门。

“贤友们,这些就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的四法。于此,一切人都应当合诵……乃至……为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。

第一诵分终。

314. ‘‘Cattāro puggalā. Idhāvuso, ekacco puggalo attantapo hoti attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. Idhāvuso, ekacco puggalo parantapo hoti paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. Idhāvuso, ekacco puggalo attantapo ca hoti attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto, parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. Idhāvuso, ekacco puggalo neva attantapo hoti na attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. So anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto [sītibhūto (ka.)] sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharati.
‘‘Aparepi cattāro puggalā. Idhāvuso, ekacco puggalo attahitāya paṭipanno hoti no parahitāya. Idhāvuso, ekacco puggalo parahitāya paṭipanno hoti no attahitāya. Idhāvuso, ekacco puggalo neva attahitāya paṭipanno hoti no parahitāya. Idhāvuso, ekacco puggalo attahitāya ceva paṭipanno hoti parahitāya ca.
‘‘Aparepi cattāro puggalā – tamo tamaparāyano, tamo jotiparāyano, joti tamaparāyano, joti jotiparāyano.
‘‘Aparepi cattāro puggalā – samaṇamacalo, samaṇapadumo, samaṇapuṇḍarīko, samaṇesu samaṇasukhumālo.
‘‘Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro dhammā sammadakkhātā; tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ…pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ.
Paṭhamabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.
Pañcakaṃ
315已对照

五法

“贤友们,有那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的五法。于此,一切人都应当合诵……乃至……为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。是哪五[法]呢?

315. ‘‘Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena pañca dhammā sammadakkhātā. Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ…pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katame pañca?
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“五蕴——色蕴、受蕴、想蕴、行蕴、识蕴。

‘‘Pañcakkhandhā. Rūpakkhandho vedanākkhandho saññākkhandho saṅkhārakkhandho viññāṇakkhandho.
PTS 3.234已对照

“五取蕴——色取蕴、受取蕴、想取蕴、行取蕴、识取蕴。

‘‘Pañcupādānakkhandhā. Rūpupādānakkhandho [rūpūpādānakkhandho (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) evamitaresupi] vedanupādānakkhandho saññupādānakkhandho saṅkhārupādānakkhandho viññāṇupādānakkhandho.
已对照

“五欲功德(kāmaguṇa)——眼所识的诸色,是可喜的(iṭṭha)、可乐的(kanta)、可意的(manāpa)、可爱的(piyarūpa)、与欲相应的(kāmūpasaṃhita)、能引生贪染的(rajanīya);耳所识的诸声……鼻所识的诸香……舌所识的诸味……身所识的诸触,是可喜的、可乐的、可意的、可爱的、与欲相应的、能引生贪染的。

‘‘Pañca kāmaguṇā. Cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasañhitā rajanīyā, sotaviññeyyā saddā… ghānaviññeyyā gandhā… jivhāviññeyyā rasā… kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasañhitā rajanīyā.
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“五趣——地狱、畜生胎、饿鬼界、人、天。

‘‘Pañca gatiyo – nirayo, tiracchānayoni, pettivisayo, manussā, devā.
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“五悭——住处悭、家悭、利养悭、称誉悭、法悭。

‘‘Pañca macchariyāni – āvāsamacchariyaṃ, kulamacchariyaṃ, lābhamacchariyaṃ, vaṇṇamacchariyaṃ, dhammamacchariyaṃ.
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“五盖——欲欲盖、瞋恚盖、昏沉睡眠盖、掉举追悔盖、疑盖。

‘‘Pañca nīvaraṇāni – kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ, byāpādanīvaraṇaṃ, thinamiddhanīvaraṇaṃ, uddhaccakukkuccanīvaraṇaṃ, vicikicchānīvaraṇaṃ.
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“五下分结——有身见、疑、戒禁取、欲欲、瞋恚。

‘‘Pañca orambhāgiyāni saññojanāni – sakkāyadiṭṭhi, vicikicchā, sīlabbataparāmāso, kāmacchando, byāpādo.
缅 3.196已对照

“五上分结——色贪、无色贪、慢、掉举、无明。

‘‘Pañca uddhambhāgiyāni saññojanāni – rūparāgo, arūparāgo, māno, uddhaccaṃ, avijjā.
PTS 3.235已对照

“五学处——离杀生、离不与取、离欲邪行、离虚妄语、离饮谷酒、花果酒[等]放逸之因。

‘‘Pañca sikkhāpadāni – pāṇātipātā veramaṇī, adinnādānā veramaṇī, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī, musāvādā veramaṇī, surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī.
316已对照

“五种不可能之处——贤友,漏尽比丘不可能故意夺取生类之命;漏尽比丘不可能取称为偷盗的不与之物;漏尽比丘不可能行淫欲法;漏尽比丘不可能故意说虚妄语;漏尽比丘不可能像从前作在家人时那样储蓄而受用诸欲。

316. ‘‘Pañca abhabbaṭṭhānāni. Abhabbo, āvuso, khīṇāsavo bhikkhu sañcicca pāṇaṃ jīvitā voropetuṃ. Abhabbo khīṇāsavo bhikkhu adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyituṃ [ādātuṃ (syā. kaṃ. pī.)]. Abhabbo khīṇāsavo bhikkhu methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevituṃ. Abhabbo khīṇāsavo bhikkhu sampajānamusā bhāsituṃ. Abhabbo khīṇāsavo bhikkhu sannidhikārakaṃ kāme paribhuñjituṃ, seyyathāpi pubbe āgārikabhūto.
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“五衰患——亲属衰患、财物衰患、疾病衰患、戒衰患、见衰患。贤友,众生并不因亲属衰患之故、或财物衰患之故、或疾病衰患之故,身坏命终之后往生苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。贤友,众生是因戒衰患之故、或见衰患之故,身坏命终之后往生苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。

‘‘Pañca byasanāni – ñātibyasanaṃ, bhogabyasanaṃ, rogabyasanaṃ, sīlabyasanaṃ, diṭṭhibyasanaṃ. Nāvuso, sattā ñātibyasanahetu vā bhogabyasanahetu vā rogabyasanahetu vā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjanti. Sīlabyasanahetu vā, āvuso, sattā diṭṭhibyasanahetu vā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjanti.
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“五具足——亲属具足、财物具足、无病具足、戒具足、见具足。贤友,众生并不因亲属具足之故、或财物具足之故、或无病具足之故,身坏命终之后往生善趣、天界。贤友,众生是因戒具足之故、或见具足之故,身坏命终之后往生善趣、天界。

‘‘Pañca sampadā – ñātisampadā, bhogasampadā, ārogyasampadā, sīlasampadā, diṭṭhisampadā. Nāvuso, sattā ñātisampadāhetu vā bhogasampadāhetu vā ārogyasampadāhetu vā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Sīlasampadāhetu vā, āvuso, sattā diṭṭhisampadāhetu vā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti.
PTS 3.236缅 3.197已对照

“破戒者由于戒的失坏而有五种过患。贤友,在此,破戒、戒已失坏者,因放逸之故遭受财物的重大损失,这是破戒者由于戒的失坏而有的第一种过患。复次,贤友,破戒、戒已失坏者,恶名声传扬开来,这是破戒者由于戒的失坏而有的第二种过患。复次,贤友,破戒、戒已失坏者,无论走近哪一众会——或刹帝利众、或婆罗门众、或居士众、或沙门众——都无自信地走近,神情沮丧,这是破戒者由于戒的失坏而有的第三种过患。复次,贤友,破戒、戒已失坏者,昏昧而命终,这是破戒者由于戒的失坏而有的第四种过患。复次,贤友,破戒、戒已失坏者,身坏命终之后,往生苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱,这是破戒者由于戒的失坏而有的第五种过患。

‘‘Pañca ādīnavā dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Idhāvuso, dussīlo sīlavipanno pamādādhikaraṇaṃ mahatiṃ bhogajāniṃ nigacchati, ayaṃ paṭhamo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, dussīlassa sīlavipannassa pāpako kittisaddo abbhuggacchati, ayaṃ dutiyo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, dussīlo sīlavipanno yaññadeva parisaṃ upasaṅkamati yadi khattiyaparisaṃ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṃ yadi gahapatiparisaṃ yadi samaṇaparisaṃ, avisārado upasaṅkamati maṅkubhūto, ayaṃ tatiyo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, dussīlo sīlavipanno sammūḷho kālaṃ karoti, ayaṃ catuttho ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, dussīlo sīlavipanno kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, ayaṃ pañcamo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā.
已对照

“持戒者由于戒的具足而有五种功德。贤友,在此,持戒、戒已具足者,因不放逸之故获得大财蕴,这是持戒者由于戒的具足而有的第一种功德。复次,贤友,持戒、戒已具足者,善名声传扬开来,这是持戒者由于戒的具足而有的第二种功德。复次,贤友,持戒、戒已具足者,无论走近哪一众会——或刹帝利众、或婆罗门众、或居士众、或沙门众——都有自信地走近,神情不沮丧,这是持戒者由于戒的具足而有的第三种功德。复次,贤友,持戒、戒已具足者,不昏昧而命终,这是持戒者由于戒的具足而有的第四种功德。复次,贤友,持戒、戒已具足者,身坏命终之后,往生善趣、天界,这是持戒者由于戒的具足而有的第五种功德。

‘‘Pañca ānisaṃsā sīlavato sīlasampadāya. Idhāvuso, sīlavā sīlasampanno appamādādhikaraṇaṃ mahantaṃ bhogakkhandhaṃ adhigacchati, ayaṃ paṭhamo ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya. Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, sīlavato sīlasampannassa kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchati, ayaṃ dutiyo ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya. Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, sīlavā sīlasampanno yaññadeva parisaṃ upasaṅkamati yadi khattiyaparisaṃ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṃ yadi gahapatiparisaṃ yadi samaṇaparisaṃ, visārado upasaṅkamati amaṅkubhūto, ayaṃ tatiyo ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya. Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, sīlavā sīlasampanno asammūḷho kālaṃ karoti, ayaṃ catuttho ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya. Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, sīlavā sīlasampanno kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati, ayaṃ pañcamo ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya.
PTS 3.237已对照

“贤友,欲诘责他人的诘责者比丘,应当先于内心确立五法,然后诘责他人:我要应时而说,不非时[而说];我要以真实[之言]说,不以不真实[之言]说;我要以柔和[之语]说,不以粗恶[之语];我要以与义相应[之语]说,不以不与义相应[之语];我要以慈心说,不怀瞋于内。贤友,欲诘责他人的诘责者比丘,应当先于内心确立这五法,然后诘责他人。

‘‘Codakena, āvuso, bhikkhunā paraṃ codetukāmena pañca dhamme ajjhattaṃ upaṭṭhapetvā paro codetabbo. Kālena vakkhāmi no akālena, bhūtena vakkhāmi no abhūtena, saṇhena vakkhāmi no pharusena, atthasaṃhitena vakkhāmi no anatthasaṃhitena, mettacittena [mettācittena (katthaci)] vakkhāmi no dosantarenāti. Codakena, āvuso, bhikkhunā paraṃ codetukāmena ime pañca dhamme ajjhattaṃ upaṭṭhapetvā paro codetabbo.
317缅 3.198已对照

“五勤支。贤友,在此,比丘有信,信如来的正觉:‘那位世尊亦即是阿罗汉、正等正觉者、明行具足(vijjācaraṇasampanna)、善逝(sugata)、世间解(lokavidū)、无上者、调御丈夫(anuttara purisadammasārathi)、天人导师(satthā devamanussānaṃ)、佛陀(buddha)、世尊。’少病少恼,具足等熟的消化力,不太冷、不太热,[乃是]适中而堪能精勤的。不狡诈、不虚伪,对导师或对有智的诸同梵行者如实显露自己。为舍断诸不善法、为成就诸善法而住于发起精进,有力、坚固勇猛,于诸善法不放下[重]担。有慧,具足通达生灭的慧——[那是]圣的、能洞察的、能导向正确尽苦的[慧]。

317. ‘‘Pañca padhāniyaṅgāni. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu saddho hoti, saddahati tathāgatassa bodhiṃ – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato, lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Appābādho hoti appātaṅko, samavepākiniyā gahaṇiyā samannāgato nātisītāya nāccuṇhāya majjhimāya padhānakkhamāya. Asaṭho hoti amāyāvī, yathābhūtaṃ attānaṃ āvikattā satthari vā viññūsu vā sabrahmacārīsu. Āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. Paññavā hoti udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammādukkhakkhayagāminiyā.
318已对照

“五净居天——无烦天(Aviha)、无热天(Atappa)、善现天(Sudassa)、善见天(Sudassī)、色究竟天(Akaniṭṭha)。

318. ‘‘Pañca suddhāvāsā – avihā, atappā, sudassā, sudassī, akaniṭṭhā.
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“五种阿那含——中般涅槃者、生般涅槃者、无行般涅槃者、有行般涅槃者、上流至色究竟者。

‘‘Pañca anāgāmino – antarāparinibbāyī, upahaccaparinibbāyī, asaṅkhāraparinibbāyī, sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyī, uddhaṃsotoakaniṭṭhagāmī.
319PTS 3.238已对照

“五心荒芜。贤友,在此,比丘对导师怀疑、犹豫、不胜解、不净信。贤友,凡是对导师怀疑、犹豫、不胜解、不净信的比丘,他的心便不倾向于热勤、勤修、恒作、精勤;心不倾向于热勤、勤修、恒作、精勤者,这是第一心荒芜。复次,贤友,比丘对法怀疑、犹豫……乃至……对僧怀疑、犹豫……对学怀疑、犹豫……对诸同梵行者忿怒、不悦、心受打击、成为荒芜。贤友,凡是对诸同梵行者忿怒、不悦、心受打击、成为荒芜的比丘,他的心便不倾向于热勤、勤修、恒作、精勤;心不倾向于热勤、勤修、恒作、精勤者,这是第五心荒芜。

319. ‘‘Pañca cetokhilā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu satthari kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati. Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu satthari kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, ayaṃ paṭhamo cetokhilo. Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu dhamme kaṅkhati vicikicchati…pe… saṅghe kaṅkhati vicikicchati… sikkhāya kaṅkhati vicikicchati… sabrahmacārīsu kupito hoti anattamano āhatacitto khilajāto. Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu sabrahmacārīsu kupito hoti anattamano āhatacitto khilajāto, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, ayaṃ pañcamo cetokhilo.
320PTS 3.239缅 3.199已对照

“五心缚。贤友,在此,比丘对诸欲未离贪、欲未离、爱恋未离、渴未离、热恼未离、爱未离。贤友,凡是对诸欲未离贪、欲未离、爱恋未离、渴未离、热恼未离、爱未离的比丘,他的心便不倾向于热勤、勤修、恒作、精勤。心不倾向于热勤、勤修、恒作、精勤者,这是第一心缚。复次,贤友,比丘对身未离贪……乃至……对色未离贪……乃至……复次,贤友,比丘随其所欲地吃到腹满,耽于卧乐、倚乐、睡眠乐而住……乃至……复次,贤友,比丘为求某一天众而行梵行:‘愿我以此戒、或以[此]禁行、或以[此]苦行、或以[此]梵行,成为天或成为某一天众。’贤友,凡是为求某一天众而行梵行——‘愿我以此戒、或以[此]禁行、或以[此]苦行、或以[此]梵行,成为天或成为某一天众’——的比丘,他的心便不倾向于热勤、勤修、恒作、精勤。心不倾向于热勤、勤修、恒作、精勤者,这是第五心缚。

320. ‘‘Pañca cetasovinibandhā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu kāmesu avītarāgo hoti avigatacchando avigatapemo avigatapipāso avigatapariḷāho avigatataṇho. Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu kāmesu avītarāgo hoti avigatacchando avigatapemo avigatapipāso avigatapariḷāho avigatataṇho, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Ayaṃ paṭhamo cetaso vinibandho. Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu kāye avītarāgo hoti…pe… rūpe avītarāgo hoti…pe… puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharati…pe… puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ carati – ‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti. Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ carati – ‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Ayaṃ pañcamo cetaso vinibandho.
已对照

“五根——眼根、耳根、鼻根、舌根、身根。

‘‘Pañcindriyāni – cakkhundriyaṃ, sotindriyaṃ, ghānindriyaṃ, jivhindriyaṃ, kāyindriyaṃ.
已对照

“另有五根——乐根、苦根、喜悦根、忧根、舍根。

‘‘Aparānipi pañcindriyāni – sukhindriyaṃ, dukkhindriyaṃ, somanassindriyaṃ, domanassindriyaṃ, upekkhindriyaṃ.
已对照

“另有五根——信根、精进根、念根、定根、慧根。

‘‘Aparānipi pañcindriyāni – saddhindriyaṃ, vīriyindriyaṃ, satindriyaṃ, samādhindriyaṃ, paññindriyaṃ.
321PTS 3.240已对照

“五出离界。贤友,在此,比丘作意诸欲时,心不趣入诸欲,不净信,不安住,不解脱;而作意出离时,心趣入出离,净信,安住,解脱。他的那个心是善往、善修、善出、善解脱、离系于诸欲的。凡是以诸欲为缘而生起的诸漏、苦恼、热恼,他已从其中解脱,不再感受那种受。这就称为诸欲的出离。

321. ‘‘Pañca nissaraṇiyā [nissāraṇīyā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) ṭīkā oloketabbā] dhātuyo. Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno kāme manasikaroto kāmesu cittaṃ na pakkhandati na pasīdati na santiṭṭhati na vimuccati. Nekkhammaṃ kho panassa manasikaroto nekkhamme cittaṃ pakkhandati pasīdati santiṭṭhati vimuccati. Tassa taṃ cittaṃ sugataṃ subhāvitaṃ suvuṭṭhitaṃ suvimuttaṃ visaṃyuttaṃ kāmehi. Ye ca kāmapaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātā pariḷāhā [vighātapariḷāhā (syā. kaṃ.)], mutto so tehi, na so taṃ vedanaṃ vedeti. Idamakkhātaṃ kāmānaṃ nissaraṇaṃ.
缅 3.200已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘作意瞋恚时,心不趣入瞋恚,不净信,不安住,不解脱;而作意无瞋恚时,心趣入无瞋恚,净信,安住,解脱。他的那个心是善往、善修、善出、善解脱、离系于瞋恚的。凡是以瞋恚为缘而生起的诸漏、苦恼、热恼,他已从其中解脱,不再感受那种受。这就称为瞋恚的出离。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno byāpādaṃ manasikaroto byāpāde cittaṃ na pakkhandati na pasīdati na santiṭṭhati na vimuccati. Abyāpādaṃ kho panassa manasikaroto abyāpāde cittaṃ pakkhandati pasīdati santiṭṭhati vimuccati. Tassa taṃ cittaṃ sugataṃ subhāvitaṃ suvuṭṭhitaṃ suvimuttaṃ visaṃyuttaṃ byāpādena. Ye ca byāpādapaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātā pariḷāhā, mutto so tehi, na so taṃ vedanaṃ vedeti. Idamakkhātaṃ byāpādassa nissaraṇaṃ.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘作意恼害时,心不趣入恼害,不净信,不安住,不解脱;而作意无恼害时,心趣入无恼害,净信,安住,解脱。他的那个心是善往、善修、善出、善解脱、离系于恼害的。凡是以恼害为缘而生起的诸漏、苦恼、热恼,他已从其中解脱,不再感受那种受。这就称为恼害的出离。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno vihesaṃ manasikaroto vihesāya cittaṃ na pakkhandati na pasīdati na santiṭṭhati na vimuccati. Avihesaṃ kho panassa manasikaroto avihesāya cittaṃ pakkhandati pasīdati santiṭṭhati vimuccati. Tassa taṃ cittaṃ sugataṃ subhāvitaṃ suvuṭṭhitaṃ suvimuttaṃ visaṃyuttaṃ vihesāya. Ye ca vihesāpaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātā pariḷāhā, mutto so tehi, na so taṃ vedanaṃ vedeti. Idamakkhātaṃ vihesāya nissaraṇaṃ.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘作意诸色时,心不趣入诸色,不净信,不安住,不解脱;而作意无色时,心趣入无色,净信,安住,解脱。他的那个心是善往、善修、善出、善解脱、离系于诸色的。凡是以诸色为缘而生起的诸漏、苦恼、热恼,他已从其中解脱,不再感受那种受。这就称为诸色的出离。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno rūpe manasikaroto rūpesu cittaṃ na pakkhandati na pasīdati na santiṭṭhati na vimuccati. Arūpaṃ kho panassa manasikaroto arūpe cittaṃ pakkhandati pasīdati santiṭṭhati vimuccati. Tassa taṃ cittaṃ sugataṃ subhāvitaṃ suvuṭṭhitaṃ suvimuttaṃ visaṃyuttaṃ rūpehi. Ye ca rūpapaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātā pariḷāhā, mutto so tehi, na so taṃ vedanaṃ vedeti. Idamakkhātaṃ rūpānaṃ nissaraṇaṃ.
PTS 3.241已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘作意有身时,心不趣入有身,不净信,不安住,不解脱;而作意有身之灭时,心趣入有身之灭,净信,安住,解脱。他的那个心是善往、善修、善出、善解脱、离系于有身的。凡是以有身为缘而生起的诸漏、苦恼、热恼,他已从其中解脱,不再感受那种受。这就称为有身的出离。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno sakkāyaṃ manasikaroto sakkāye cittaṃ na pakkhandati na pasīdati na santiṭṭhati na vimuccati. Sakkāyanirodhaṃ kho panassa manasikaroto sakkāyanirodhe cittaṃ pakkhandati pasīdati santiṭṭhati vimuccati. Tassa taṃ cittaṃ sugataṃ subhāvitaṃ suvuṭṭhitaṃ suvimuttaṃ visaṃyuttaṃ sakkāyena. Ye ca sakkāyapaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātā pariḷāhā, mutto so tehi, na so taṃ vedanaṃ vedeti. Idamakkhātaṃ sakkāyassa nissaraṇaṃ.
322PTS 3.243缅 3.201已对照

“五解脱处。贤友,在此,导师为比丘说法,或某位堪为尊重的同梵行者[为他说法]。贤友,导师或某位堪为尊重的同梵行者如何如何为比丘说法,他便如何如何于那法领受义、领受法。于他这领受义者、领受法者,愉悦生起;愉悦者,喜(pīti)生起;意有喜者,身轻安;身轻安者,感受乐(sukha);有乐者,心得定(samādhi)。这是第一解脱处。

“复次,贤友,导师并不为比丘说法,也没有某位堪为尊重的同梵行者[为他说法],而是他依所闻、依所受持,为他人广说法……乃至……而是他依所闻、依所受持,广作诵习……乃至……而是他依所闻、依所受持,以心随寻、随伺、以意随观察……乃至……而是他善把持、善作意、善忆持、以慧善通达某一定相。贤友,比丘如何如何善把持、善作意、善忆持、以慧善通达某一定相,他便如何如何于那法领受义、领受法。于他这领受义者、领受法者,愉悦生起;愉悦者,喜(pīti)生起;意有喜者,身轻安;身轻安者,感受乐(sukha);有乐者,心得定(samādhi)。这是第五解脱处。

“五解脱成熟想——无常想、于无常的苦想、于苦的无我想、舍断想、离贪想。

“贤友们,这些就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的五法。于此,一切人都应当合诵……乃至……为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。

[众集五法终。(syā. kaṃ. 本有此结语)]

322. ‘‘Pañca vimuttāyatanāni. Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno satthā dhammaṃ deseti aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī. Yathā yathā, āvuso, bhikkhuno satthā dhammaṃ deseti aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī. Tathā tathā so tasmiṃ dhamme atthapaṭisaṃvedī ca hoti dhammapaṭisaṃvedī ca. Tassa atthapaṭisaṃvedino dhammapaṭisaṃvedino pāmojjaṃ jāyati, pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Idaṃ paṭhamaṃ vimuttāyatanaṃ.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno na heva kho satthā dhammaṃ deseti aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī, api ca kho yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena paresaṃ deseti…pe… api ca kho yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena sajjhāyaṃ karoti…pe… api ca kho yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ cetasā anuvitakketi anuvicāreti manasānupekkhati…pe… api ca khvassa aññataraṃ samādhinimittaṃ suggahitaṃ hoti sumanasikataṃ sūpadhāritaṃ suppaṭividdhaṃ paññāya. Yathā yathā, āvuso, bhikkhuno aññataraṃ samādhinimittaṃ suggahitaṃ hoti sumanasikataṃ sūpadhāritaṃ suppaṭividdhaṃ paññāya tathā tathā so tasmiṃ dhamme atthapaṭisaṃvedī ca hoti dhammapaṭisaṃvedī ca. Tassa atthapaṭisaṃvedino dhammapaṭisaṃvedino pāmojjaṃ jāyati, pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Idaṃ pañcamaṃ vimuttāyatanaṃ.
‘‘Pañca vimuttiparipācanīyā saññā – aniccasaññā, anicce dukkhasaññā, dukkhe anattasaññā, pahānasaññā, virāgasaññā.
‘‘Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena pañca dhammā sammadakkhātā; tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ…pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ [saṅgitiyapañcakaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ (syā. kaṃ.)].
Chakkaṃ
323已对照

六法

“贤友们,有那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的六法。于此,一切人都应当合诵……乃至……为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。是哪六[法]呢?

323. ‘‘Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cha dhammā sammadakkhātā; tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ…pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katame cha?
缅 3.202已对照

“六内处——眼处、耳处、鼻处、舌处、身处、意处。

‘‘Cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni – cakkhāyatanaṃ, sotāyatanaṃ, ghānāyatanaṃ, jivhāyatanaṃ, kāyāyatanaṃ, manāyatanaṃ.
已对照

“六外处——色处、声处、香处、味处、触处、法处。

‘‘Cha bāhirāni āyatanāni – rūpāyatanaṃ, saddāyatanaṃ, gandhāyatanaṃ, rasāyatanaṃ, phoṭṭhabbāyatanaṃ, dhammāyatanaṃ.
已对照

“六识身——眼识、耳识、鼻识、舌识、身识、意识。

‘‘Cha viññāṇakāyā – cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, sotaviññāṇaṃ, ghānaviññāṇaṃ, jivhāviññāṇaṃ, kāyaviññāṇaṃ, manoviññāṇaṃ.
已对照

“六触身——眼触、耳触、鼻触、舌触、身触、意触。

‘‘Cha phassakāyā – cakkhusamphasso, sotasamphasso, ghānasamphasso, jivhāsamphasso, kāyasamphasso, manosamphasso.
PTS 3.244已对照

“六受身——眼触所生的受、耳触所生的受、鼻触所生的受、舌触所生的受、身触所生的受、意触所生的受。

‘‘Cha vedanākāyā – cakkhusamphassajā vedanā, sotasamphassajā vedanā, ghānasamphassajā vedanā, jivhāsamphassajā vedanā, kāyasamphassajā vedanā, manosamphassajā vedanā.
已对照

“六想身——色想、声想、香想、味想、触想、法想。

‘‘Cha saññākāyā – rūpasaññā, saddasaññā, gandhasaññā, rasasaññā, phoṭṭhabbasaññā, dhammasaññā.
已对照

“六思身——色思、声思、香思、味思、触思、法思。

‘‘Cha sañcetanākāyā – rūpasañcetanā, saddasañcetanā, gandhasañcetanā, rasasañcetanā, phoṭṭhabbasañcetanā, dhammasañcetanā.
已对照

“六爱身——色爱、声爱、香爱、味爱、触爱、法爱。

‘‘Cha taṇhākāyā – rūpataṇhā, saddataṇhā, gandhataṇhā, rasataṇhā, phoṭṭhabbataṇhā, dhammataṇhā.
324已对照

“六不恭敬。贤友,在此,比丘对导师不恭敬、不顺从而住;对法不恭敬、不顺从而住;对僧不恭敬、不顺从而住;对学不恭敬、不顺从而住;对不放逸不恭敬、不顺从而住;对亲厚不恭敬、不顺从而住。

324. ‘‘Cha agāravā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu satthari agāravo viharati appatisso; dhamme agāravo viharati appatisso; saṅghe agāravo viharati appatisso; sikkhāya agāravo viharati appatisso; appamāde agāravo viharati appatisso; paṭisanthāre [paṭisandhāre (ka.)] agāravo viharati appatisso.
已对照

“六恭敬。贤友,在此,比丘对导师恭敬、顺从而住;对法恭敬、顺从而住;对僧恭敬、顺从而住;对学恭敬、顺从而住;对不放逸恭敬、顺从而住;对亲厚恭敬、顺从而住。

‘‘Cha gāravā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu satthari sagāravo viharati sappatisso; dhamme sagāravo viharati sappatisso; saṅghe sagāravo viharati sappatisso; sikkhāya sagāravo viharati sappatisso; appamāde sagāravo viharati sappatisso; paṭisanthāre sagāravo viharati sappatisso.
缅 3.203已对照

“六喜悦近伺。以眼见色后,近伺于处在喜悦位的色;以耳闻声后……以鼻嗅香后……以舌尝味后……以身触所触后……以意识法后,近伺于处在喜悦位的法。

‘‘Cha somanassūpavicārā. Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā somanassaṭṭhāniyaṃ rūpaṃ upavicarati; sotena saddaṃ sutvā… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā. Manasā dhammaṃ viññāya somanassaṭṭhāniyaṃ dhammaṃ upavicarati.
PTS 3.245已对照

“六忧近伺。以眼见色后,近伺于处在忧位的色……乃至……以意识法后,近伺于处在忧位的法。

‘‘Cha domanassūpavicārā. Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā domanassaṭṭhāniyaṃ rūpaṃ upavicarati…pe… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya domanassaṭṭhāniyaṃ dhammaṃ upavicarati.
已对照

“六舍近伺。以眼见色后,近伺于处在舍位的色……乃至……以意识法后,近伺于处在舍位的法。

‘‘Cha upekkhūpavicārā. Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā upekkhāṭṭhāniyaṃ [upekkhāṭhāniyaṃ (ka.)] rūpaṃ upavicarati…pe… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya upekkhāṭṭhāniyaṃ dhammaṃ upavicarati.
已对照

“六可念法。贤友,在此,比丘对诸同梵行者,无论于显于隐,慈的身业都已现起。这也是一种可念法,令[人]可爱、令[人]可尊重,导向摄受、无诤、和合、一如。

‘‘Cha sāraṇīyā dhammā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi [āvī (ka. sī. pī. ka.)] ceva raho ca. Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘对诸同梵行者,无论于显于隐,慈的语业都已现起。这也是一种可念法……乃至……导向一如。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho ca. Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo…pe… ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘对诸同梵行者,无论于显于隐,慈的意业都已现起。这也是一种可念法……乃至……导向一如。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno mettaṃ manokammaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho ca. Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo…pe… ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘凡是如法所得的如法利养,乃至只是钵中所受的一分,对这样的利养也不独自受用,而是与持戒的诸同梵行者共同受用。这也是一种可念法……乃至……导向一如。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu ye te lābhā dhammikā dhammaladdhā antamaso pattapariyāpannamattampi, tathārūpehi lābhehi appaṭivibhattabhogī hoti sīlavantehi sabrahmacārīhi sādhāraṇabhogī. Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo…pe… ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
PTS 3.246已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘对于那些无毁、无穿、无斑、无杂、自在、智者所赞、不被执取、导向定的诸戒,无论于显于隐,都与诸同梵行者住于戒的相同。这也是一种可念法……乃至……导向一如。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu yāni tāni sīlāni akhaṇḍāni acchiddāni asabalāni akammāsāni bhujissāni viññuppasatthāni aparāmaṭṭhāni samādhisaṃvattanikāni, tathārūpesu sīlesu sīlasāmaññagato viharati sabrahmacārīhi āvi ceva raho ca. Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo…pe… ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
缅 3.204已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘对于那圣的、能出离的、能使行者正确尽苦的见,无论于显于隐,都与诸同梵行者住于见的相同。这也是一种可念法,令[人]可爱、令[人]可尊重,导向摄受、无诤、和合、一如。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu yāyaṃ diṭṭhi ariyā niyyānikā niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāya, tathārūpāya diṭṭhiyā diṭṭhisāmaññagato viharati sabrahmacārīhi āvi ceva raho ca. Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
325已对照

“六诤根。贤友,在此,比丘是忿怒者、怨恨者。贤友,凡是忿怒、怨恨的比丘,他对导师也不恭敬、不顺从而住,对法也不恭敬、不顺从而住,对僧也不恭敬、不顺从而住,对学也不作圆满。贤友,凡是对导师不恭敬、不顺从而住,对法不恭敬、不顺从而住,对僧不恭敬、不顺从而住,对学不作圆满的比丘,他便在僧中生起诤论;而所生的诤论是为众人的不利、为众人的不乐、为天与人的无义利、不利与苦。贤友,若你们于内或于外见到这样的诤根,贤友,你们就当为断除这恶诤根而努力;贤友,若你们于内或于外不见这样的诤根,贤友,你们就当为使这恶诤根将来不再漏出而行道。这样,这恶诤根便得断除;这样,这恶诤根将来便不再漏出。

325. Cha vivādamūlāni. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu kodhano hoti upanāhī. Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu kodhano hoti upanāhī, so sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi agāravo viharati appatisso, saṅghepi agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī [paripūrīkārī (syā. kaṃ.)] hoti. Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu satthari agāravo viharati appatisso, dhamme agāravo viharati appatisso, saṅghe agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāya na paripūrakārī, so saṅghe vivādaṃ janeti. Yo hoti vivādo bahujanaahitāya bahujanaasukhāya anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṃ. Evarūpaṃ ce tumhe, āvuso, vivādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā samanupasseyyātha. Tatra tumhe, āvuso, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānāya vāyameyyātha. Evarūpaṃ ce tumhe, āvuso, vivādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā na samanupasseyyātha. Tatra tumhe, āvuso, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṃ anavassavāya paṭipajjeyyātha. Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānaṃ hoti. Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṃ anavassavo hoti.
PTS 3.247缅 3.205已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘是覆蔑(makkha)者、攀齐(palāsa)者……乃至……是嫉者、悭者……乃至……是狡诈者、虚伪者……是恶欲者、邪见者……是执取自见者、坚固执持者、难舍离者……乃至……贤友,凡是执取自见、坚固执持、难舍离的比丘,他对导师也不恭敬、不顺从而住,对法也不恭敬、不顺从而住,对僧也不恭敬、不顺从而住,对学也不作圆满。贤友,凡是对导师不恭敬、不顺从而住,对法不恭敬、不顺从而住,对僧不恭敬、不顺从而住,对学不作圆满的比丘,他便在僧中生起诤论;而所生的诤论是为众人的不利、为众人的不乐、为天与人的无义利、不利与苦。贤友,若你们于内或于外见到这样的诤根,贤友,你们就当为断除这恶诤根而努力;贤友,若你们于内或于外不见这样的诤根,贤友,你们就当为使这恶诤根将来不再漏出而行道。这样,这恶诤根便得断除;这样,这恶诤根将来便不再漏出。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu makkhī hoti paḷāsī…pe… issukī hoti maccharī…pe… saṭho hoti māyāvī… pāpiccho hoti micchādiṭṭhī… sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggī…pe… yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggī, so sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi agāravo viharati appatisso, saṅghepi agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī hoti. Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu satthari agāravo viharati appatisso, dhamme agāravo viharati appatisso, saṅghe agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāya na paripūrakārī, so saṅghe vivādaṃ janeti. Yo hoti vivādo bahujanaahitāya bahujanaasukhāya anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṃ. Evarūpaṃ ce tumhe, āvuso, vivādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā samanupasseyyātha. Tatra tumhe, āvuso, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānāya vāyameyyātha. Evarūpaṃ ce tumhe, āvuso, vivādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā na samanupasseyyātha. Tatra tumhe, āvuso, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṃ anavassavāya paṭipajjeyyātha. Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānaṃ hoti. Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṃ anavassavo hoti.
已对照

“六界——地界、水界、火界、风界、空界、识界。

‘‘Cha dhātuyo – pathavīdhātu, āpodhātu, tejodhātu, vāyodhātu, ākāsadhātu, viññāṇadhātu.
326PTS 3.248已对照

“六出离界。贤友,在此,比丘可能这样说:‘我的慈心解脱已修习、已多作、已作车乘、已作基地、已确立、已积习、已善精勤,然而瞋恚仍然遍取我的心而住。’对他应当说:‘不要这样[说]!尊者不要这样说,不要诽谤世尊;诽谤世尊是不善的,世尊不会这样说。贤友,这是无理的、不可能的——慈心解脱已修习、已多作、已作车乘、已作基地、已确立、已积习、已善精勤,而瞋恚还会遍取他的心而住,这是不可能的。贤友,瞋恚的出离正是慈心解脱。’

326. ‘‘Cha nissaraṇiyā dhātuyo. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya – ‘mettā hi kho me cetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā, atha ca pana me byāpādo cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’ti. So ‘mā hevaṃ’, tissa vacanīyo, ‘māyasmā evaṃ avaca, mā bhagavantaṃ abbhācikkhi, na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṃ, na hi bhagavā evaṃ vadeyya. Aṭṭhānametaṃ, āvuso, anavakāso, yaṃ mettāya cetovimuttiyā bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya yānīkatāya vatthukatāya anuṭṭhitāya paricitāya susamāraddhāya. Atha ca panassa byāpādo cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassati, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Nissaraṇaṃ hetaṃ, āvuso, byāpādassa, yadidaṃ mettā cetovimuttī’ti.
缅 3.206已对照

“贤友,在此,比丘可能这样说:‘我的悲心解脱已修习、已多作、已作车乘、已作基地、已确立、已积习、已善精勤,然而恼害仍然遍取我的心而住。’对他应当说:‘不要这样[说]!尊者不要这样说,不要诽谤世尊;诽谤世尊是不善的,世尊不会这样说。贤友,这是无理的、不可能的——悲心解脱已修习、已多作、已作车乘、已作基地、已确立、已积习、已善精勤,而恼害还会遍取他的心而住,这是不可能的。贤友,恼害的出离正是悲心解脱。’

‘‘Idha panāvuso, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya – ‘karuṇā hi kho me cetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā. Atha ca pana me vihesā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’ti, so ‘mā hevaṃ’ tissa vacanīyo ‘māyasmā evaṃ avaca, mā bhagavantaṃ abbhācikkhi, na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṃ, na hi bhagavā evaṃ vadeyya. Aṭṭhānametaṃ āvuso, anavakāso, yaṃ karuṇāya cetovimuttiyā bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya yānīkatāya vatthukatāya anuṭṭhitāya paricitāya susamāraddhāya, atha ca panassa vihesā cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassati, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Nissaraṇaṃ hetaṃ, āvuso, vihesāya, yadidaṃ karuṇā cetovimuttī’ti.
PTS 3.249已对照

“贤友,在此,比丘可能这样说:‘我的喜心解脱已修习、已多作、已作车乘、已作基地、已确立、已积习、已善精勤,然而不乐仍然遍取我的心而住。’对他应当说:‘不要这样[说]!尊者不要这样说,不要诽谤世尊;诽谤世尊是不善的,世尊不会这样说。贤友,这是无理的、不可能的——喜心解脱已修习、已多作、已作车乘、已作基地、已确立、已积习、已善精勤,而不乐还会遍取他的心而住,这是不可能的。贤友,不乐的出离正是喜心解脱。’

‘‘Idha panāvuso, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya – ‘muditā hi kho me cetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā. Atha ca pana me arati cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’ti, so ‘mā hevaṃ’ tissa vacanīyo ‘‘māyasmā evaṃ avaca, mā bhagavantaṃ abbhācikkhi, na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṃ, na hi bhagavā evaṃ vadeyya. Aṭṭhānametaṃ, āvuso, anavakāso, yaṃ muditāya cetovimuttiyā bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya yānīkatāya vatthukatāya anuṭṭhitāya paricitāya susamāraddhāya, atha ca panassa arati cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassati, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Nissaraṇaṃ hetaṃ, āvuso, aratiyā, yadidaṃ muditā cetovimuttī’ti.
已对照

“贤友,在此,比丘可能这样说:‘我的舍心解脱已修习、已多作、已作车乘、已作基地、已确立、已积习、已善精勤,然而贪仍然遍取我的心而住。’对他应当说:‘不要这样[说]!尊者不要这样说,不要诽谤世尊;诽谤世尊是不善的,世尊不会这样说。贤友,这是无理的、不可能的——舍心解脱已修习、已多作、已作车乘、已作基地、已确立、已积习、已善精勤,而贪还会遍取他的心而住,这是不可能的。贤友,贪的出离正是舍心解脱。’

‘‘Idha panāvuso, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya – ‘upekkhā hi kho me cetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā. Atha ca pana me rāgo cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’ti. So ‘mā hevaṃ’ tissa vacanīyo ‘māyasmā evaṃ avaca, mā bhagavantaṃ abbhācikkhi, na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṃ, na hi bhagavā evaṃ vadeyya. Aṭṭhānametaṃ, āvuso, anavakāso, yaṃ upekkhāya cetovimuttiyā bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya yānīkatāya vatthukatāya anuṭṭhitāya paricitāya susamāraddhāya, atha ca panassa rāgo cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassati netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Nissaraṇaṃ hetaṃ, āvuso, rāgassa, yadidaṃ upekkhā cetovimuttī’ti.
缅 3.207已对照

“贤友,在此,比丘可能这样说:‘我的无相心解脱已修习、已多作、已作车乘、已作基地、已确立、已积习、已善精勤,然而我的识仍然随逐于相。’对他应当说:‘不要这样[说]!尊者不要这样说,不要诽谤世尊;诽谤世尊是不善的,世尊不会这样说。贤友,这是无理的、不可能的——无相心解脱已修习、已多作、已作车乘、已作基地、已确立、已积习、已善精勤,而他的识还会随逐于相,这是不可能的。贤友,一切相的出离正是无相心解脱。’

‘‘Idha panāvuso, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya – ‘animittā hi kho me cetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā. Atha ca pana me nimittānusāri viññāṇaṃ hotī’ti. So ‘mā hevaṃ’ tissa vacanīyo ‘māyasmā evaṃ avaca, mā bhagavantaṃ abbhācikkhi, na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṃ, na hi bhagavā evaṃ vadeyya. Aṭṭhānametaṃ, āvuso, anavakāso, yaṃ animittāya cetovimuttiyā bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya yānīkatāya vatthukatāya anuṭṭhitāya paricitāya susamāraddhāya, atha ca panassa nimittānusāri viññāṇaṃ bhavissati, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Nissaraṇaṃ hetaṃ, āvuso, sabbanimittānaṃ, yadidaṃ animittā cetovimuttī’ti.
PTS 3.250已对照

“贤友,在此,比丘可能这样说:‘我的“我是”已经离去,我也不认为“我就是这个”,然而疑惑与犹豫之箭仍然遍取我的心而住。’对他应当说:‘不要这样[说]!尊者不要这样说,不要诽谤世尊;诽谤世尊是不善的,世尊不会这样说。贤友,这是无理的、不可能的——“我是”已经离去、不认为“我就是这个”,而疑惑与犹豫之箭还会遍取他的心而住,这是不可能的。贤友,疑惑与犹豫之箭的出离正是我慢的根除。’

‘‘Idha panāvuso, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya – ‘asmīti kho me vigataṃ [vighātaṃ (sī. pī.), vigate (syā. ka.)], ayamahamasmīti na samanupassāmi, atha ca pana me vicikicchākathaṅkathāsallaṃ cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’ti. So ‘mā hevaṃ’ tissa vacanīyo ‘māyasmā evaṃ avaca, mā bhagavantaṃ abbhācikkhi, na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṃ, na hi bhagavā evaṃ vadeyya. Aṭṭhānametaṃ, āvuso, anavakāso, yaṃ asmīti vigate [vighāte (sī. pī.)] ayamahamasmīti asamanupassato, atha ca panassa vicikicchākathaṅkathāsallaṃ cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassati, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Nissaraṇaṃ hetaṃ, āvuso, vicikicchākathaṅkathāsallassa, yadidaṃ asmimānasamugghāto’ti.
327已对照

“六无上——见无上、闻无上、得无上、学无上、承事无上、随念无上。

327. ‘‘Cha anuttariyāni – dassanānuttariyaṃ, savanānuttariyaṃ, lābhānuttariyaṃ, sikkhānuttariyaṃ, pāricariyānuttariyaṃ, anussatānuttariyaṃ.
已对照

“六随念处——佛随念、法随念、僧随念、戒随念、施舍随念、天随念。

‘‘Cha anussatiṭṭhānāni – buddhānussati, dhammānussati, saṅghānussati, sīlānussati, cāgānussati, devatānussati.
328已对照

“六恒住。贤友,在此,比丘以眼见色后,既不喜悦也不忧,住于舍,具念、正知;以耳闻声后……乃至……以意识法后,既不喜悦也不忧,住于舍,具念、正知。

328. ‘‘Cha satatavihārā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako [upekkhako ca (syā. ka.)] viharati sato sampajāno. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno.
329PTS 3.251缅 3.208已对照

“六生类。贤友,在此,有一类[人]身为黑生类而生黑法。复次,贤友,在此有一类[人]身为黑生类而生白法。复次,贤友,在此有一类[人]身为黑生类而生非黑非白的涅槃。复次,贤友,在此有一类[人]身为白生类而生白法。复次,贤友,在此有一类[人]身为白生类而生黑法。复次,贤友,在此有一类[人]身为白生类而生非黑非白的涅槃。

“六决择分想——无常想、于无常的苦想、于苦的无我想、舍断想、离贪想、灭想。

“贤友们,这些就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的六法。于此,一切人都应当合诵……乃至……为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。

329. ‘‘Chaḷābhijātiyo. Idhāvuso, ekacco kaṇhābhijātiko samāno kaṇhaṃ dhammaṃ abhijāyati. Idha panāvuso, ekacco kaṇhābhijātiko samāno sukkaṃ dhammaṃ abhijāyati. Idha panāvuso, ekacco kaṇhābhijātiko samāno akaṇhaṃ asukkaṃ nibbānaṃ abhijāyati. Idha panāvuso, ekacco sukkābhijātiko samāno sukkaṃ dhammaṃ abhijāyati. Idha panāvuso, ekacco sukkābhijātiko samāno kaṇhaṃ dhammaṃ abhijāyati. Idha panāvuso, ekacco sukkābhijātiko samāno akaṇhaṃ asukkaṃ nibbānaṃ abhijāyati.
‘‘Cha nibbedhabhāgiyā saññā [nibbedhabhāgiyasaññā (syā. kaṃ.)] – aniccasaññā anicce, dukkhasaññā dukkhe, anattasaññā, pahānasaññā, virāgasaññā, nirodhasaññā.
‘‘Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cha dhammā sammadakkhātā; tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ…pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ.
Sattakaṃ
330已对照

七法

“贤友们,有那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的七法。于此,一切人都应当合诵……乃至……为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。是哪七[法]呢?

330. ‘‘Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena satta dhammā sammadakkhātā; tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ…pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katame satta?
已对照

“七圣财——信财、戒财、惭财、愧财、闻财、施舍财、慧财。

‘‘Satta ariyadhanāni – saddhādhanaṃ, sīladhanaṃ, hiridhanaṃ, ottappadhanaṃ, sutadhanaṃ, cāgadhanaṃ, paññādhanaṃ.
PTS 3.252已对照

“七觉支——念觉支、择法觉支、精进觉支、喜觉支、轻安觉支、定觉支、舍觉支。

‘‘Satta bojjhaṅgā – satisambojjhaṅgo, dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo, vīriyasambojjhaṅgo, pītisambojjhaṅgo, passaddhisambojjhaṅgo, samādhisambojjhaṅgo, upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo.
已对照

“七种定的助伴(samādhiparikkhāra)——正见、正思惟、正语、正业、正命、正精进、正念。

‘‘Satta samādhiparikkhārā – sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati.
已对照

“七非正法——贤友,在此,比丘是无信者、无惭者、无愧者、少闻者、懈怠者、失念者、劣慧者。

‘‘Satta asaddhammā – idhāvuso, bhikkhu assaddho hoti, ahiriko hoti, anottappī hoti, appassuto hoti, kusīto hoti, muṭṭhassati hoti, duppañño hoti.
已对照

“七正法——贤友,在此,比丘是有信者、有惭者、有愧者、多闻者、发起精进者、念已现起者、有慧者。

‘‘Satta saddhammā – idhāvuso, bhikkhu saddho hoti, hirimā hoti, ottappī hoti, bahussuto hoti, āraddhavīriyo hoti, upaṭṭhitassati hoti, paññavā hoti.
已对照

“七善士法——贤友,在此,比丘是知法者、知义者、知自者、知量者、知时者、知众者、知人者。

‘‘Satta sappurisadhammā – idhāvuso, bhikkhu dhammaññū ca hoti atthaññū ca attaññū ca mattaññū ca kālaññū ca parisaññū ca puggalaññū ca.
331PTS 3.253缅 3.209已对照

“七无十事(niddasavatthu)。贤友,在此,比丘对受持学处有强烈的欲,将来对受持学处也爱恋未离。对法的审察有强烈的欲,将来对法的审察也爱恋未离。对欲的调伏有强烈的欲,将来对欲的调伏也爱恋未离。对宴默有强烈的欲,将来对宴默也爱恋未离。对发起精进有强烈的欲,将来对发起精进也爱恋未离。对念与审慎有强烈的欲,将来对念与审慎也爱恋未离。对见的通达有强烈的欲,将来对见的通达也爱恋未离。

331. ‘‘Satta niddasavatthūni. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sikkhāsamādāne tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca sikkhāsamādāne avigatapemo. Dhammanisantiyā tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca dhammanisantiyā avigatapemo. Icchāvinaye tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca icchāvinaye avigatapemo. Paṭisallāne tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca paṭisallāne avigatapemo. Vīriyārambhe tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca vīriyārambhe avigatapemo. Satinepakke tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca satinepakke avigatapemo. Diṭṭhipaṭivedhe tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca diṭṭhipaṭivedhe avigatapemo.
已对照

“七想——无常想、无我想、不净想、过患想、舍断想、离贪想、灭想。

‘‘Satta saññā – aniccasaññā, anattasaññā, asubhasaññā, ādīnavasaññā, pahānasaññā, virāgasaññā, nirodhasaññā.
已对照

“七力——信力、精进力、惭力、愧力、念力、定力、慧力。

‘‘Satta balāni – saddhābalaṃ, vīriyabalaṃ, hiribalaṃ, ottappabalaṃ, satibalaṃ, samādhibalaṃ, paññābalaṃ.
332PTS 3.254缅 3.210已对照

“七识住。贤友,有众生身有种种、想有种种,譬如人、一部分诸天、一部分堕处者——这是第一识住。

“贤友,有众生身有种种而想同一,譬如最初生起的梵身天(brahmakāyika)诸天——这是第二识住。

“贤友,有众生身同一而想有种种,譬如光音天(Ābhassara)诸天——这是第三识住。

“贤友,有众生身同一、想亦同一,譬如遍净天(Subhakiṇha)诸天——这是第四识住。

“贤友,有众生完全超越色想,有对想灭没,不作意种种想,[知]‘虚空是无边的’,到达空无边处——这是第五识住。

“贤友,有众生完全超越空无边处,[知]‘识是无边的’,到达识无边处——这是第六识住。

“贤友,有众生完全超越识无边处,[知]‘什么都没有’,到达无所有处——这是第七识住。

“七应奉施之人——俱分解脱者、慧解脱者、身证者、见至者、信解脱者、随法行者、随信行者。

“七随眠——欲贪随眠、瞋恚随眠、见随眠、疑随眠、慢随眠、有贪随眠、无明随眠。

“七结——随贪结(anunaya)、瞋恚结、见结、疑结、慢结、有贪结、无明结。

“七灭诤——为止息、寂静一再生起的诸诤事,应给予现前毗尼,应给予忆念毗尼,应给予不痴毗尼,应依自认而作,[应用]多人语,[应用]觅罪相,[应用]如草覆地。

“贤友们,这些就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的七法。于此,一切人都应当合诵……乃至……为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。

第二诵分终。

332. ‘‘Satta viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo. Santāvuso, sattā nānattakāyā nānattasaññino, seyyathāpi manussā ekacce ca devā ekacce ca vinipātikā. Ayaṃ paṭhamā viññāṇaṭṭhiti.
‘‘Santāvuso, sattā nānattakāyā ekattasaññino seyyathāpi devā brahmakāyikā paṭhamābhinibbattā. Ayaṃ dutiyā viññāṇaṭṭhiti.
‘‘Santāvuso, sattā ekattakāyā nānattasaññino seyyathāpi devā ābhassarā. Ayaṃ tatiyā viññāṇaṭṭhiti.
‘‘Santāvuso, sattā ekattakāyā ekattasaññino seyyathāpi devā subhakiṇhā. Ayaṃ catutthī viññāṇaṭṭhiti.
‘‘Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ pañcamī viññāṇaṭṭhiti.
‘‘Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ chaṭṭhī viññāṇaṭṭhiti.
‘‘Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ sattamī viññāṇaṭṭhiti.
‘‘Satta puggalā dakkhiṇeyyā – ubhatobhāgavimutto, paññāvimutto, kāyasakkhi, diṭṭhippatto, saddhāvimutto, dhammānusārī, saddhānusārī.
‘‘Satta anusayā – kāmarāgānusayo, paṭighānusayo, diṭṭhānusayo, vicikicchānusayo, mānānusayo, bhavarāgānusayo, avijjānusayo.
‘‘Satta saññojanāni – anunayasaññojanaṃ [kāmasaññojanaṃ (syā. kaṃ.)], paṭighasaññojanaṃ, diṭṭhisaññojanaṃ, vicikicchāsaññojanaṃ, mānasaññojanaṃ, bhavarāgasaññojanaṃ, avijjāsaññojanaṃ.
‘‘Satta adhikaraṇasamathā – uppannuppannānaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ samathāya vūpasamāya sammukhāvinayo dātabbo, sativinayo dātabbo, amūḷhavinayo dātabbo, paṭiññāya kāretabbaṃ, yebhuyyasikā, tassapāpiyasikā, tiṇavatthārako.
‘‘Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena satta dhammā sammadakkhātā; tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ…pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ.
Dutiyabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.
Aṭṭhakaṃ
333已对照

八法

“贤友们,有那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的八法。于此,一切人都应当合诵……乃至……为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。是哪八[法]呢?

333. ‘‘Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena aṭṭha dhammā sammadakkhātā; tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ…pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katame aṭṭha?
已对照

“八邪性——邪见、邪思惟、邪语、邪业、邪命、邪精进、邪念、邪定。

‘‘Aṭṭha micchattā – micchādiṭṭhi, micchāsaṅkappo, micchāvācā, micchākammanto, micchāājīvo, micchāvāyāmo micchāsati, micchāsamādhi.
PTS 3.255缅 3.211已对照

“八正性——正见、正思惟、正语、正业、正命、正精进、正念、正定。

‘‘Aṭṭha sammattā – sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati, sammāsamādhi.
已对照

“八应奉施之人——须陀洹、为作证须陀洹果而行道者;斯陀含、为作证斯陀含果而行道者;阿那含、为作证阿那含果而行道者;阿罗汉、为作证阿罗汉果而行道者。

‘‘Aṭṭha puggalā dakkhiṇeyyā – sotāpanno, sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno; sakadāgāmī, sakadāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno; anāgāmī, anāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno; arahā, arahattaphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno.
334已对照

“八懈怠事。贤友,在此,比丘有工作应当做。他这样想:‘我将有工作要做;而我做工作时身体会疲劳,我还是躺下吧!’于是他躺下,不发起精进,以达到未达到的、证得未证得的、作证未作证的。这是第一懈怠事。

334. ‘‘Aṭṭha kusītavatthūni. Idhāvuso, bhikkhunā kammaṃ kātabbaṃ hoti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘kammaṃ kho me kātabbaṃ bhavissati, kammaṃ kho pana me karontassa kāyo kilamissati, handāhaṃ nipajjāmī’ti! So nipajjati na vīriyaṃ ārabhati appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāya. Idaṃ paṭhamaṃ kusītavatthu.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘已做完工作。他这样想:‘我做了工作;而我做工作时身体已疲劳,我还是躺下吧!’于是他躺下,不发起精进,以达到未达到的、证得未证得的、作证未作证的……这是第二懈怠事。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhunā kammaṃ kataṃ hoti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho kammaṃ akāsiṃ, kammaṃ kho pana me karontassa kāyo kilanto, handāhaṃ nipajjāmī’ti! So nipajjati na vīriyaṃ ārabhati…pe… idaṃ dutiyaṃ kusītavatthu.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘有路应当走。他这样想:‘我将有路要走;而我走路时身体会疲劳,我还是躺下吧!’于是他躺下,不发起精进,以达到未达到的、证得未证得的、作证未作证的……这是第三懈怠事。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhunā maggo gantabbo hoti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘maggo kho me gantabbo bhavissati, maggaṃ kho pana me gacchantassa kāyo kilamissati, handāhaṃ nipajjāmī’ti! So nipajjati na vīriyaṃ ārabhati… idaṃ tatiyaṃ kusītavatthu.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘已走完路。他这样想:‘我走了路;而我走路时身体已疲劳,我还是躺下吧!’于是他躺下,不发起精进,以达到未达到的、证得未证得的、作证未作证的……这是第四懈怠事。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhunā maggo gato hoti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho maggaṃ agamāsiṃ, maggaṃ kho pana me gacchantassa kāyo kilanto, handāhaṃ nipajjāmī’ti! So nipajjati na vīriyaṃ ārabhati… idaṃ catutthaṃ kusītavatthu.
PTS 3.256已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘到村落或市镇乞食,没有得到粗的或细的食物足量的满足。他这样想:‘我到村落或市镇乞食,没有得到粗的或细的食物足量的满足;因此我的身体疲劳、不堪作业,我还是躺下吧!’于是他躺下,不发起精进,以达到未达到的、证得未证得的、作证未作证的……这是第五懈怠事。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya caranto na labhati lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya caranto nālatthaṃ lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ, tassa me kāyo kilanto akammañño, handāhaṃ nipajjāmī’ti! So nipajjati na vīriyaṃ ārabhati… idaṃ pañcamaṃ kusītavatthu.
缅 3.212已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘到村落或市镇乞食,得到了粗的或细的食物足量的满足。他这样想:‘我到村落或市镇乞食,得到了粗的或细的食物足量的满足;因此我的身体沉重、不堪作业,简直像堆满了豆子,我还是躺下吧!’于是他躺下,不发起精进,以达到未达到的、证得未证得的、作证未作证的……这是第六懈怠事。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya caranto labhati lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya caranto alatthaṃ lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ, tassa me kāyo garuko akammañño, māsācitaṃ maññe, handāhaṃ nipajjāmī’ti! So nipajjati na vīriyaṃ ārabhati… idaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ kusītavatthu.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘生起了轻微的病。他这样想:‘我生起了这轻微的病;躺下是有理由的,我还是躺下吧!’于是他躺下,不发起精进,以达到未达到的、证得未证得的、作证未作证的……这是第七懈怠事。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno uppanno hoti appamattako ābādho. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘uppanno kho me ayaṃ appamattako ābādho; atthi kappo nipajjituṃ, handāhaṃ nipajjāmī’ti! So nipajjati na vīriyaṃ ārabhati… idaṃ sattamaṃ kusītavatthu.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘刚从病中起身,病愈不久。他这样想:‘我刚从病中起身,病愈不久;因此我的身体虚弱、不堪作业,我还是躺下吧!’于是他躺下,不发起精进,以达到未达到的、证得未证得的、作证未作证的。这是第八懈怠事。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu gilānā vuṭṭhito [gilānavuṭṭhito (saddanīti) a. ni. 6.16 nakulapitusuttaṭīkā passitabbā] hoti aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho gilānā vuṭṭhito aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā, tassa me kāyo dubbalo akammañño, handāhaṃ nipajjāmī’ti! So nipajjati na vīriyaṃ ārabhati appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāya. Idaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ kusītavatthu.
335已对照

“八发勤事。贤友,在此,比丘有工作应当做。他这样想:‘我将有工作要做;而我做工作时不易作意诸佛的教说,我还是发起精进,以达到未达到的、证得未证得的、作证未作证的吧!’于是他发起精进,以达到未达到的、证得未证得的、作证未作证的。这是第一发勤事。

335. ‘‘Aṭṭha ārambhavatthūni. Idhāvuso, bhikkhunā kammaṃ kātabbaṃ hoti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘kammaṃ kho me kātabbaṃ bhavissati, kammaṃ kho pana me karontena na sukaraṃ buddhānaṃ sāsanaṃ manasi kātuṃ, handāhaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhāmi appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya, asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāyā’ti! So vīriyaṃ ārabhati appattassa pattiyā, anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāya. Idaṃ paṭhamaṃ ārambhavatthu.
PTS 3.257已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘已做完工作。他这样想:‘我做了工作;而我做工作时未能作意诸佛的教说,我还是发起精进吧……乃至……’于是他发起精进……这是第二发勤事。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhunā kammaṃ kataṃ hoti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho kammaṃ akāsiṃ, kammaṃ kho panāhaṃ karonto nāsakkhiṃ buddhānaṃ sāsanaṃ manasi kātuṃ, handāhaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhāmi…pe… so vīriyaṃ ārabhati… idaṃ dutiyaṃ ārambhavatthu.
缅 3.213已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘有路应当走。他这样想:‘我将有路要走;而我走路时不易作意诸佛的教说,我还是发起精进吧……乃至……’于是他发起精进……这是第三发勤事。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhunā maggo gantabbo hoti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘maggo kho me gantabbo bhavissati, maggaṃ kho pana me gacchantena na sukaraṃ buddhānaṃ sāsanaṃ manasi kātuṃ. Handāhaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhāmi…pe… so vīriyaṃ ārabhati… idaṃ tatiyaṃ ārambhavatthu.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘已走完路。他这样想:‘我走了路;而我走路时未能作意诸佛的教说,我还是发起精进吧……乃至……’于是他发起精进……这是第四发勤事。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhunā maggo gato hoti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho maggaṃ agamāsiṃ, maggaṃ kho panāhaṃ gacchanto nāsakkhiṃ buddhānaṃ sāsanaṃ manasi kātuṃ, handāhaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhāmi…pe… so vīriyaṃ ārabhati… idaṃ catutthaṃ ārambhavatthu.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘到村落或市镇乞食,没有得到粗的或细的食物足量的满足。他这样想:‘我到村落或市镇乞食,没有得到粗的或细的食物足量的满足;因此我的身体轻快、堪于作业,我还是发起精进吧……乃至……’于是他发起精进……这是第五发勤事。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya caranto na labhati lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya caranto nālatthaṃ lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ, tassa me kāyo lahuko kammañño, handāhaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhāmi…pe… so vīriyaṃ ārabhati… idaṃ pañcamaṃ ārambhavatthu.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘到村落或市镇乞食,得到了粗的或细的食物足量的满足。他这样想:‘我到村落或市镇乞食,得到了粗的或细的食物足量的满足;因此我的身体强健、堪于作业,我还是发起精进吧……乃至……’于是他发起精进……这是第六发勤事。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya caranto labhati lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya caranto alatthaṃ lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ, tassa me kāyo balavā kammañño, handāhaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhāmi…pe… so vīriyaṃ ārabhati… idaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ ārambhavatthu.
PTS 3.258已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘生起了轻微的病。他这样想:‘我生起了这轻微的病;而这是可能的——我的病会加重,我还是发起精进吧……乃至……’于是他发起精进……这是第七发勤事。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno uppanno hoti appamattako ābādho. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘uppanno kho me ayaṃ appamattako ābādho, ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ vijjati yaṃ me ābādho pavaḍḍheyya, handāhaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhāmi…pe… so vīriyaṃ ārabhati… idaṃ sattamaṃ ārambhavatthu.
缅 3.214已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘刚从病中起身,病愈不久。他这样想:‘我刚从病中起身,病愈不久;而这是可能的——我的病会复发,我还是发起精进,以达到未达到的、证得未证得的、作证未作证的吧!’于是他发起精进,以达到未达到的、证得未证得的、作证未作证的。这是第八发勤事。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu gilānā vuṭṭhito hoti aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho gilānā vuṭṭhito aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā, ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ vijjati yaṃ me ābādho paccudāvatteyya, handāhaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhāmi appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāyā’’ti! So vīriyaṃ ārabhati appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāya. Idaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ ārambhavatthu.
336已对照

“八施事——遇[来者]而行布施;因怖畏而行布施;[想]‘他曾施与我’而行布施;[想]‘他将施与我’而行布施;[想]‘布施是善的’而行布施;[想]‘我煮食,这些人不煮食;我煮食者若不施与不煮食者,是不应当的’而行布施;[想]‘我行此布施,善名声将会传扬’而行布施;为庄严心、资助心而行布施。

336. ‘‘Aṭṭha dānavatthūni. Āsajja dānaṃ deti, bhayā dānaṃ deti, ‘adāsi me’ti dānaṃ deti, ‘dassati me’ti dānaṃ deti, ‘sāhu dāna’nti dānaṃ deti, ‘ahaṃ pacāmi, ime na pacanti, nārahāmi pacanto apacantānaṃ dānaṃ na dātu’nti dānaṃ deti, ‘idaṃ me dānaṃ dadato kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchatī’ti dānaṃ deti. Cittālaṅkāra-cittaparikkhāratthaṃ dānaṃ deti.
337PTS 3.259已对照

“八施生。贤友,在此,有一类[人]向沙门或婆罗门布施食、饮、衣、乘、花鬘、香、涂香、卧具、住处、灯明。他布施什么,就期望什么。他看见刹帝利大族、或婆罗门大族、或居士大族具足、拥有五欲功德而受用娱乐。他这样想:‘啊,愿我身坏命终之后,得生于刹帝利大族、或婆罗门大族、或居士大族的同伴中!’他确立那个心,决意那个心,修习那个心;他那个心倾向于低劣,未向上修习,便导向往生于彼处。而我说这是对持戒者说的,不是对破戒者[说的]。贤友,持戒者的心愿因清净而成就。

337. ‘‘Aṭṭha dānūpapattiyo. Idhāvuso, ekacco dānaṃ deti samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā annaṃ pānaṃ vatthaṃ yānaṃ mālāgandhavilepanaṃ seyyāvasathapadīpeyyaṃ. So yaṃ deti taṃ paccāsīsati [paccāsiṃsati (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)]. So passati khattiyamahāsālaṃ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālaṃ vā gahapatimahāsālaṃ vā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitaṃ samaṅgībhūtaṃ paricārayamānaṃ. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘aho vatāhaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā khattiyamahāsālānaṃ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṃ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṃ vā sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya’nti! So taṃ cittaṃ dahati, taṃ cittaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, taṃ cittaṃ bhāveti, tassa taṃ cittaṃ hīne vimuttaṃ uttari abhāvitaṃ tatrūpapattiyā saṃvattati. Tañca kho sīlavato vadāmi no dussīlassa. Ijjhatāvuso, sīlavato cetopaṇidhi visuddhattā.
已对照

“复次,贤友,在此有一类[人]向沙门或婆罗门布施食、饮……乃至……卧具、住处、灯明。他布施什么,就期望什么。他听说:‘四大王天诸天长寿、有容色、多安乐。’他这样想:‘啊,愿我身坏命终之后,得生于四大王天诸天的同伴中!’他确立那个心,决意那个心,修习那个心;他那个心倾向于低劣,未向上修习,便导向往生于彼处。而我说这是对持戒者说的,不是对破戒者[说的]。贤友,持戒者的心愿因清净而成就。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, idhekacco dānaṃ deti samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā annaṃ pānaṃ…pe… seyyāvasathapadīpeyyaṃ. So yaṃ deti taṃ paccāsīsati. Tassa sutaṃ hoti – ‘cātumahārājikā [cātummahārājikā (sī. syā. pī.)] devā dīghāyukā vaṇṇavanto sukhabahulā’’ti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘aho vatāhaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya’’nti! So taṃ cittaṃ dahati, taṃ cittaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, taṃ cittaṃ bhāveti, tassa taṃ cittaṃ hīne vimuttaṃ uttari abhāvitaṃ tatrūpapattiyā saṃvattati. Tañca kho sīlavato vadāmi no dussīlassa. Ijjhatāvuso, sīlavato cetopaṇidhi visuddhattā.
缅 3.215已对照

“复次,贤友,在此有一类[人]向沙门或婆罗门布施食、饮……乃至……卧具、住处、灯明。他布施什么,就期望什么。他听说:‘三十三天诸天……乃至……夜摩天诸天……乃至……兜率天诸天……乃至……化乐天诸天……乃至……他化自在天诸天长寿、有容色、多安乐。’他这样想:‘啊,愿我身坏命终之后,得生于他化自在天诸天的同伴中!’他确立那个心,决意那个心,修习那个心;他那个心倾向于低劣,未向上修习,便导向往生于彼处。而我说这是对持戒者说的,不是对破戒者[说的]。贤友,持戒者的心愿因清净而成就。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, idhekacco dānaṃ deti samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā annaṃ pānaṃ…pe… seyyāvasathapadīpeyyaṃ. So yaṃ deti taṃ paccāsīsati. Tassa sutaṃ hoti – ‘tāvatiṃsā devā…pe… yāmā devā…pe… tusitā devā …pe… nimmānaratī devā…pe… paranimmitavasavattī devā dīghāyukā vaṇṇavanto sukhabahulā’ti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘aho vatāhaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya’’nti! So taṃ cittaṃ dahati, taṃ cittaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, taṃ cittaṃ bhāveti, tassa taṃ cittaṃ hīne vimuttaṃ uttari abhāvitaṃ tatrūpapattiyā saṃvattati. Tañca kho sīlavato vadāmi no dussīlassa. Ijjhatāvuso, sīlavato cetopaṇidhi visuddhattā.
PTS 3.260已对照

“复次,贤友,在此有一类[人]向沙门或婆罗门布施食、饮、衣、乘、花鬘、香、涂香、卧具、住处、灯明。他布施什么,就期望什么。他听说:‘梵身天(brahmakāyika)诸天长寿、有容色、多安乐。’他这样想:‘啊,愿我身坏命终之后,得生于梵身天诸天的同伴中!’他确立那个心,决意那个心,修习那个心;他那个心倾向于低劣,未向上修习,便导向往生于彼处。而我说这是对持戒者说的,不是对破戒者[说的];是对离贪者[说的],不是对有贪者[说的]。贤友,持戒者的心愿因离贪而成就。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, idhekacco dānaṃ deti samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā annaṃ pānaṃ vatthaṃ yānaṃ mālāgandhavilepanaṃ seyyāvasathapadīpeyyaṃ. So yaṃ deti taṃ paccāsīsati. Tassa sutaṃ hoti – ‘brahmakāyikā devā dīghāyukā vaṇṇavanto sukhabahulā’ti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘aho vatāhaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā brahmakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya’nti! So taṃ cittaṃ dahati, taṃ cittaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, taṃ cittaṃ bhāveti, tassa taṃ cittaṃ hīne vimuttaṃ uttari abhāvitaṃ tatrūpapattiyā saṃvattati. Tañca kho sīlavato vadāmi no dussīlassa; vītarāgassa no sarāgassa. Ijjhatāvuso, sīlavato cetopaṇidhi vītarāgattā.
已对照

“八众——刹帝利众、婆罗门众、居士众、沙门众、四大王天众、三十三天众、魔众、梵众。

‘‘Aṭṭha parisā – khattiyaparisā, brāhmaṇaparisā, gahapatiparisā, samaṇaparisā, cātumahārājikaparisā, tāvatiṃsaparisā, māraparisā, brahmaparisā.
已对照

“八世间法——得、不得、名声、无名声、毁、赞、乐、苦。

‘‘Aṭṭha lokadhammā – lābho ca, alābho ca, yaso ca, ayaso ca, nindā ca, pasaṃsā ca, sukhañca, dukkhañca.
338已对照

“八胜处。内有色想者见外诸色,是少的、美色的与丑色的,作这样的想:‘我胜过它们而知、而见。’这是第一胜处。

338. ‘‘Aṭṭha abhibhāyatanāni. Ajjhattaṃ rūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati parittāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ paṭhamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
缅 3.216已对照

“内有色想者见外诸色,是无量的、美色的与丑色的,作这样的想:‘我胜过它们而知、而见。’这是第二胜处。

‘‘Ajjhattaṃ rūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati appamāṇāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti – evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ dutiyaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
已对照

“内无色想者见外诸色,是少的、美色的与丑色的,作这样的想:‘我胜过它们而知、而见。’这是第三胜处。

‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati parittāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ tatiyaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
已对照

“内无色想者见外诸色,是无量的、美色的与丑色的,作这样的想:‘我胜过它们而知、而见。’这是第四胜处。

‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati appamāṇāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ catutthaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
PTS 3.261已对照

“内无色想者见外诸色,是青的、青色的、青所显的、青光的。犹如亚麻花(umā),是青的、青色的、青所显的、青光的;又如那波罗奈所产、两面磨光的布,是青的、青色的、青所显的、青光的。同样地,内无色想者见外诸色,是青的、青色的、青所显的、青光的,作这样的想:‘我胜过它们而知、而见。’这是第五胜处。

‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati nīlāni nīlavaṇṇāni nīlanidassanāni nīlanibhāsāni. Seyyathāpi nāma umāpupphaṃ nīlaṃ nīlavaṇṇaṃ nīlanidassanaṃ nīlanibhāsaṃ, seyyathā vā pana taṃ vatthaṃ bārāṇaseyyakaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṃ nīlaṃ nīlavaṇṇaṃ nīlanidassanaṃ nīlanibhāsaṃ. Evameva [evamevaṃ (ka.)] ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati nīlāni nīlavaṇṇāni nīlanidassanāni nīlanibhāsāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ pañcamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
已对照

“内无色想者见外诸色,是黄的、黄色的、黄所显的、黄光的。犹如迦尼迦罗花(kaṇikāra),是黄的、黄色的、黄所显的、黄光的;又如那波罗奈所产、两面磨光的布,是黄的、黄色的、黄所显的、黄光的。同样地,内无色想者见外诸色,是黄的、黄色的、黄所显的、黄光的,作这样的想:‘我胜过它们而知、而见。’这是第六胜处。

‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati pītāni pītavaṇṇāni pītanidassanāni pītanibhāsāni. Seyyathāpi nāma kaṇikārapupphaṃ [kaṇṇikārapupphaṃ (syā. kaṃ.)] pītaṃ pītavaṇṇaṃ pītanidassanaṃ pītanibhāsaṃ, seyyathā vā pana taṃ vatthaṃ bārāṇaseyyakaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṃ pītaṃ pītavaṇṇaṃ pītanidassanaṃ pītanibhāsaṃ. Evameva ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati pītāni pītavaṇṇāni pītanidassanāni pītanibhāsāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
缅 3.217已对照

“内无色想者见外诸色,是赤的、赤色的、赤所显的、赤光的。犹如朱槿花(bandhujīvaka),是赤的、赤色的、赤所显的、赤光的;又如那波罗奈所产、两面磨光的布,是赤的、赤色的、赤所显的、赤光的。同样地,内无色想者见外诸色,是赤的、赤色的、赤所显的、赤光的,作这样的想:‘我胜过它们而知、而见。’这是第七胜处。

‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati lohitakāni lohitakavaṇṇāni lohitakanidassanāni lohitakanibhāsāni. Seyyathāpi nāma bandhujīvakapupphaṃ lohitakaṃ lohitakavaṇṇaṃ lohitakanidassanaṃ lohitakanibhāsaṃ, seyyathā vā pana taṃ vatthaṃ bārāṇaseyyakaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṃ lohitakaṃ lohitakavaṇṇaṃ lohitakanidassanaṃ lohitakanibhāsaṃ. Evameva ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati lohitakāni lohitakavaṇṇāni lohitakanidassanāni lohitakanibhāsāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ sattamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
已对照

“内无色想者见外诸色,是白的、白色的、白所显的、白光的。犹如太白星(osadhitārakā),是白的、白色的、白所显的、白光的;又如那波罗奈所产、两面磨光的布,是白的、白色的、白所显的、白光的。同样地,内无色想者见外诸色,是白的、白色的、白所显的、白光的,作这样的想:‘我胜过它们而知、而见。’这是第八胜处。

‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati odātāni odātavaṇṇāni odātanidassanāni odātanibhāsāni. Seyyathāpi nāma osadhitārakā odātā odātavaṇṇā odātanidassanā odātanibhāsā, seyyathā vā pana taṃ vatthaṃ bārāṇaseyyakaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṃ odātaṃ odātavaṇṇaṃ odātanidassanaṃ odātanibhāsaṃ. Evameva ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati odātāni odātavaṇṇāni odātanidassanāni odātanibhāsāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
339PTS 3.262缅 3.218已对照

“八解脱。有色者见诸色——这是第一解脱。

“内无色想者见外诸色——这是第二解脱。

“唯胜解为‘净’——这是第三解脱。

“完全超越色想,有对想灭没,不作意种种想,[知]‘虚空是无边的’,成就并住于空无边处——这是第四解脱。

“完全超越空无边处,[知]‘识是无边的’,成就并住于识无边处——这是第五解脱。

“完全超越识无边处,[知]‘什么都没有’,成就并住于无所有处——这是第六解脱。

“完全超越无所有处,成就并住于非想非非想处——这是第七解脱。

“完全超越非想非非想处,成就并住于想受灭(saññāvedayitanirodha)——这是第八解脱。

“贤友们,这些就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的八法。于此,一切人都应当合诵……乃至……为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。

339. ‘‘Aṭṭha vimokkhā. Rūpī rūpāni passati. Ayaṃ paṭhamo vimokkho.
‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī bahiddhā rūpāni passati. Ayaṃ dutiyo vimokkho.
‘‘Subhanteva adhimutto hoti. Ayaṃ tatiyo vimokkho.
‘‘Sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ catuttho vimokkho.
‘‘Sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ pañcamo vimokkho.
‘‘Sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ chaṭṭho vimokkho.
‘‘Sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ sattamo vimokkho.
‘‘Sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayita nirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ aṭṭhamo vimokkho.
‘‘Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena aṭṭha dhammā sammadakkhātā; tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ…pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ.
Navakaṃ
340已对照

九法

“贤友们,有那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的九法。于此,一切人都应当合诵……乃至……为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。是哪九[法]呢?

340. ‘‘Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena nava dhammā sammadakkhātā; tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ…pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katame nava?
已对照

“九怨恨事——[想]‘他曾对我作无益’而结怨恨;[想]‘他正对我作无益’而结怨恨;[想]‘他将对我作无益’而结怨恨;[想]‘他曾对我所爱、可意者作无益’而结怨恨……乃至……[想]‘正作无益’而结怨恨……乃至……[想]‘将作无益’而结怨恨;[想]‘他曾对我所不爱、不可意者作有益’而结怨恨……乃至……[想]‘正作有益’而结怨恨……乃至……[想]‘将作有益’而结怨恨。

‘‘Nava āghātavatthūni. ‘Anatthaṃ me acarī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati; ‘anatthaṃ me caratī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati; ‘anatthaṃ me carissatī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati; ‘piyassa me manāpassa anatthaṃ acarī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati…pe… anatthaṃ caratīti āghātaṃ bandhati…pe… anatthaṃ carissatīti āghātaṃ bandhati; ‘appiyassa me amanāpassa atthaṃ acarī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati…pe… atthaṃ caratīti āghātaṃ bandhati…pe… atthaṃ carissatīti āghātaṃ bandhati.
PTS 3.263已对照

“九怨恨的调伏——[想]‘他曾对我作无益,那在此哪里求得到呢’而调伏怨恨;[想]‘他正对我作无益,那在此哪里求得到呢’而调伏怨恨;[想]‘他将对我作无益,那在此哪里求得到呢’而调伏怨恨;[想]‘他曾对我所爱、可意者作无益……乃至……正作无益……乃至……将作无益,那在此哪里求得到呢’而调伏怨恨;[想]‘他曾对我所不爱、不可意者作有益……乃至……正作有益……乃至……将作有益,那在此哪里求得到呢’而调伏怨恨。

‘‘Nava āghātapaṭivinayā. ‘Anatthaṃ me acari [acarīti (syā. ka.) evaṃ ‘‘carati carissati’’ padesupi], taṃ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṃ paṭivineti; ‘anatthaṃ me carati, taṃ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṃ paṭivineti; ‘anatthaṃ me carissati, taṃ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṃ paṭivineti; ‘piyassa me manāpassa anatthaṃ acari…pe… anatthaṃ carati…pe… anatthaṃ carissati, taṃ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṃ paṭivineti; ‘appiyassa me amanāpassa atthaṃ acari…pe… atthaṃ carati…pe… atthaṃ carissati, taṃ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṃ paṭivineti.
341已对照

“九众生居。贤友,有众生身有种种、想有种种,譬如人、一部分诸天、一部分堕处者——这是第一众生居。

341. ‘‘Nava sattāvāsā. Santāvuso, sattā nānattakāyā nānattasaññino, seyyathāpi manussā ekacce ca devā ekacce ca vinipātikā. Ayaṃ paṭhamo sattāvāso.
已对照

“贤友,有众生身有种种而想同一,譬如最初生起的梵身天(brahmakāyika)诸天——这是第二众生居。

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā nānattakāyā ekattasaññino, seyyathāpi devā brahmakāyikā paṭhamābhinibbattā. Ayaṃ dutiyo sattāvāso.
已对照

“贤友,有众生身同一而想有种种,譬如光音天(Ābhassara)诸天——这是第三众生居。

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā ekattakāyā nānattasaññino, seyyathāpi devā ābhassarā. Ayaṃ tatiyo sattāvāso.
缅 3.219已对照

“贤友,有众生身同一、想亦同一,譬如遍净天(Subhakiṇha)诸天——这是第四众生居。

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā ekattakāyā ekattasaññino, seyyathāpi devā subhakiṇhā. Ayaṃ catuttho sattāvāso.
已对照

“贤友,有众生是无想的、无所领受的,譬如无想众生(asaññasatta)诸天——这是第五众生居。

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā asaññino appaṭisaṃvedino, seyyathāpi devā asaññasattā [asaññisattā (syā. kaṃ.)]. Ayaṃ pañcamo sattāvāso.
已对照

“贤友,有众生完全超越色想,有对想灭没,不作意种种想,[知]‘虚空是无边的’,到达空无边处——这是第六众生居。

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ chaṭṭho sattāvāso.
已对照

“贤友,有众生完全超越空无边处,[知]‘识是无边的’,到达识无边处——这是第七众生居。

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ sattamo sattāvāso.
已对照

“贤友,有众生完全超越识无边处,[知]‘什么都没有’,到达无所有处——这是第八众生居。

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcāññāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ aṭṭhamo sattāvāso.
已对照

“贤友,有众生完全超越无所有处,到达非想非非想处——这是第九众生居。

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma [samatikkamma santametaṃ paṇītametanti (syā. kaṃ.)] nevasaññānāsaññāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ navamo sattāvāso.
342PTS 3.264已对照

“九种梵行住的非时、非机。贤友,在此,如来出现于世,是阿罗汉、正等正觉者,法被宣说——[那是]导向寂止的、导向般涅槃的、导向正觉的、善逝所宣说的;而这个人却往生地狱。这是梵行住的第一非时、非机。

342. ‘‘Nava akkhaṇā asamayā brahmacariyavāsāya. Idhāvuso, tathāgato ca loke uppanno hoti arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, dhammo ca desiyati opasamiko parinibbāniko sambodhagāmī sugatappavedito. Ayañca puggalo nirayaṃ upapanno hoti. Ayaṃ paṭhamo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
已对照

“复次,贤友,如来出现于世,是阿罗汉、正等正觉者,法被宣说——[那是]导向寂止的、导向般涅槃的、导向正觉的、善逝所宣说的;而这个人却往生畜生胎。这是梵行住的第二非时、非机。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, tathāgato ca loke uppanno hoti arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, dhammo ca desiyati opasamiko parinibbāniko sambodhagāmī sugatappavedito. Ayañca puggalo tiracchānayoniṃ upapanno hoti. Ayaṃ dutiyo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
已对照

“复次……乃至……而往生饿鬼界。这是梵行住的第三非时、非机。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ…pe… pettivisayaṃ upapanno hoti. Ayaṃ tatiyo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
缅 3.220已对照

“复次……乃至……而往生阿修罗身。这是梵行住的第四非时、非机。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ…pe… asurakāyaṃ upapanno hoti. Ayaṃ catuttho akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
已对照

“复次……乃至……而往生某一长寿的天众。这是梵行住的第五非时、非机。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ…pe… aññataraṃ dīghāyukaṃ devanikāyaṃ upapanno hoti. Ayaṃ pañcamo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
已对照

“复次……乃至……而生在边地诸国的蔑戾车(milakkha)中、无识者中——那里没有比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷的行处。这是梵行住的第六非时、非机。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ…pe… paccantimesu janapadesu paccājāto hoti milakkhesu [milakkhakesu (syā. kaṃ.) milakkhūsu (ka.)] aviññātāresu, yattha natthi gati bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ upāsakānaṃ upāsikānaṃ. Ayaṃ chaṭṭho akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
PTS 3.265已对照

“复次……乃至……而生在中部诸国;然而他是邪见者、有颠倒之见者——‘没有布施,没有供养(yiṭṭha),没有祭祀(huta);没有善作、恶作之业的果与异熟(vipāka);没有此世,没有他世;没有母,没有父;没有化生的众生(opapātika);世间没有正行的、正行道的沙门、婆罗门,自己以通智证知此世与他世之后加以宣说。’这是梵行住的第七非时、非机。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ…pe… majjhimesu janapadesu paccājāto hoti. So ca hoti micchādiṭṭhiko viparītadassano – ‘natthi dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ, natthi hutaṃ, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ [sukaṭa dukkaṭānaṃ (sī. pī.)] kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, natthi ayaṃ loko, natthi paro loko, natthi mātā, natthi pitā, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā sammāpaṭipannā ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti. Ayaṃ sattamo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
已对照

“复次……乃至……而生在中部诸国;然而他是劣慧者、愚钝者、聋哑[般]者,不堪了知善说与恶说之义。这是梵行住的第八非时、非机。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ…pe… majjhimesu janapadesu paccājāto hoti. So ca hoti duppañño jaḷo eḷamūgo, nappaṭibalo subhāsitadubbhāsitānamatthamaññātuṃ. Ayaṃ aṭṭhamo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
已对照

“复次,贤友,如来不出现于世,是阿罗汉、正等正觉者;[那]导向寂止的、导向般涅槃的、导向正觉的、善逝所宣说的法也不被宣说;而这个人生在中部诸国,他是有慧者、不愚钝者、不聋哑[般]者,堪于了知善说与恶说之义。这是梵行住的第九非时、非机。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, tathāgato ca loke na [katthaci nakāro na dissati] uppanno hoti arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, dhammo ca na desiyati opasamiko parinibbāniko sambodhagāmī sugatappavedito. Ayañca puggalo majjhimesu janapadesu paccājāto hoti, so ca hoti paññavā ajaḷo aneḷamūgo, paṭibalo subhāsita-dubbhāsitānamatthamaññātuṃ. Ayaṃ navamo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.
343PTS 3.266缅 3.221已对照

“九次第住。贤友,在此,比丘离诸欲,离诸不善法,有寻、有伺,离生喜、乐,成就并住于初禅;寻、伺寂止……乃至……成就并住于第二禅;离喜……乃至……成就并住于第三禅;舍断乐……乃至……成就并住于第四禅;完全超越色想……乃至……成就并住于空无边处;完全超越空无边处,[知]‘识是无边的’,成就并住于识无边处;完全超越识无边处,[知]‘什么都没有’,成就并住于无所有处;完全超越无所有处,成就并住于非想非非想处;完全超越非想非非想处,成就并住于想受灭。

343. ‘‘Nava anupubbavihārā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā…pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Pītiyā ca virāgā…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sukhassa ca pahānā …pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā…pe… ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati.
344已对照

“九次第灭——入初禅者,欲想已灭;入第二禅者,寻、伺已灭;入第三禅者,喜已灭;入第四禅者,入息、出息已灭;入空无边处者,色想已灭;入识无边处者,空无边处想已灭;入无所有处者,识无边处想已灭;入非想非非想处者,无所有处想已灭;入想受灭者,想与受已灭。

“贤友们,这些就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的九法。于此,一切人都应当合诵……乃至……为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。

344. ‘‘Nava anupubbanirodhā. Paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa kāmasaññā niruddhā hoti. Dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa vitakkavicārā niruddhā honti. Tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa pīti niruddhā hoti. Catutthaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa assāsapassāssā niruddhā honti. Ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samāpannassa rūpasaññā niruddhā hoti. Viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samāpannassa ākāsānañcāyatanasaññā niruddhā hoti. Ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samāpannassa viññāṇañcāyatanasaññā niruddhā hoti. Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpannassa ākiñcaññāyatanasaññā niruddhā hoti. Saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpannassa saññā ca vedanā ca niruddhā honti.
‘‘Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena nava dhammā sammadakkhātā. Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ…pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ.
Dasakaṃ
345已对照

十法

“贤友们,有那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的十法。于此,一切人都应当合诵……乃至……为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。是哪十[法]呢?

345. ‘‘Atthi kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dasa dhammā sammadakkhātā. Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ…pe… atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katame dasa?
PTS 3.267缅 3.222已对照

“十使[人]有依怙的法。贤友,在此,比丘具戒,以波罗提木叉(pātimokkha)律仪防护而住,具足正行与行处,于微细的罪过也见怖畏,受持学处(sikkhāpada)而学习。贤友,比丘具戒,以波罗提木叉律仪防护而住,具足正行与行处,于微细的罪过也见怖畏,受持学处而学习——这也是使[人]有依怙的法。

‘‘Dasa nāthakaraṇā dhammā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti. Pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati, ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘是多闻者、忆持所闻者、积集所闻者。凡是那些初善、中善、后善的,具足义理与文句的,显示完全圆满、遍净的梵行的法,他对这样的诸法多闻、忆持、以语熟习、以意随观察、以见善通达。贤友,比丘是多闻者……乃至……以见善通达——这也是使[人]有依怙的法。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo. Ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthā sabyañjanā [sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ (sī. syā. pī.)] kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti [dhatā (ka. sī. syā. kaṃ.)] dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā, yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu bahussuto hoti…pe… diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘是善友者、善伴者、善随从者。贤友,比丘是善友者、善伴者、善随从者——这也是使[人]有依怙的法。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto hoti kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko. Yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto hoti kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘是易受劝者,具足使人易受劝的诸法,能忍,善持教诫。贤友,比丘是易受劝者……乃至……善持教诫——这也是使[人]有依怙的法。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu suvaco hoti sovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgato khamo padakkhiṇaggāhī anusāsaniṃ. Yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu suvaco hoti…pe… padakkhiṇaggāhī anusāsaniṃ. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘对于诸同梵行者种种大小应作之事,是娴熟、不懈怠的,具足于此的方便审察(vīmaṃsā),堪能作、堪能安排。贤友,比丘对于诸同梵行者……乃至……堪能安排——这也是使[人]有依怙的法。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṃ uccāvacāni kiṃkaraṇīyāni, tattha dakkho hoti analaso tatrupāyāya vīmaṃsāya samannāgato, alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ. Yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṃ…pe… alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘是爱法者、言谈可爱者,于增上法、增上律有广大的愉悦。贤友,比丘是爱法者……乃至……有广大的愉悦——这也是使[人]有依怙的法。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu dhammakāmo hoti piyasamudāhāro, abhidhamme abhivinaye uḷārapāmojjo [uḷārapāmujjo (sī. pī.), oḷārapāmojjo (syā. kaṃ.)]. Yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu dhammakāmo hoti…pe… uḷārapāmojjo [uḷārapāmujjo (sī. pī.), oḷārapāmojjo (syā. kaṃ.)]. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
PTS 3.268缅 3.223已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘对随得的衣、钵食、坐卧处、病缘药资具知足。贤友,比丘对随得的……乃至……资具知足——这也是使[人]有依怙的法。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti itarītarehi cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi. Yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti…pe… parikkhārehi. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘为舍断诸不善法、为成就诸善法而住于发起精进,有力、坚固勇猛,于诸善法不放下[重]担。贤友,比丘住于发起精进……乃至……于诸善法不放下[重]担——这也是使[人]有依怙的法。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. Yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati…pe… anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘是具念者,具足最上的念与审慎,对久远以前所作的、久远以前所说的也能忆念、随念。贤友,比丘是具念者……乃至……能忆念、随念——这也是使[人]有依怙的法。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu satimā hoti paramena satinepakkena samannāgato cirakatampi cirabhāsitampi saritā anussaritā. Yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu satimā hoti…pe… saritā anussaritā. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
已对照

“复次,贤友,比丘是有慧者,具足通达生灭的慧——[那是]圣的、能洞察的、能导向正确尽苦的[慧]。贤友,比丘是有慧者……乃至……能导向正确尽苦的[慧]——这也是使[人]有依怙的法。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu paññavā hoti, udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammādukkhakkhayagāminiyā. Yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu paññavā hoti…pe… sammādukkhakkhayagāminiyā. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
346已对照

“十遍处。有一[人]了知地遍——上、下、四维、无二、无量;有一[人]了知水遍……乃至……有一[人]了知火遍……有一[人]了知风遍……有一[人]了知青遍……有一[人]了知黄遍……有一[人]了知赤遍……有一[人]了知白遍……有一[人]了知空遍……有一[人]了知识遍——上、下、四维、无二、无量。

346. Dasa kasiṇāyatanāni. Pathavīkasiṇameko sañjānāti, uddhaṃ adho tiriyaṃ advayaṃ appamāṇaṃ. Āpokasiṇameko sañjānāti…pe… tejokasiṇameko sañjānāti… vāyokasiṇameko sañjānāti… nīlakasiṇameko sañjānāti… pītakasiṇameko sañjānāti… lohitakasiṇameko sañjānāti… odātakasiṇameko sañjānāti… ākāsakasiṇameko sañjānāti… viññāṇakasiṇameko sañjānāti, uddhaṃ adho tiriyaṃ advayaṃ appamāṇaṃ.
347PTS 3.269已对照

“十不善业道——杀生、不与取、欲邪行、虚妄语、离间语、粗恶语、杂秽语、贪欲、瞋恚、邪见。

347. ‘‘Dasa akusalakammapathā – pāṇātipāto, adinnādānaṃ, kāmesumicchācāro, musāvādo, pisuṇā vācā, pharusā vācā, samphappalāpo, abhijjhā, byāpādo, micchādiṭṭhi.
缅 3.224已对照

“十善业道——离杀生、离不与取、离欲邪行、离虚妄语、离离间语、离粗恶语、离杂秽语、无贪欲、无瞋恚、正见。

‘‘Dasa kusalakammapathā – pāṇātipātā veramaṇī, adinnādānā veramaṇī, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī, musāvādā veramaṇī, pisuṇāya vācāya veramaṇī, pharusāya vācāya veramaṇī, samphappalāpā veramaṇī, anabhijjhā, abyāpādo, sammādiṭṭhi.
348已对照

“十圣住。贤友,在此,比丘是已断五支者、已具六支者、有一守护者、有四所依者、已除遣各别之谛者、已完全舍遣遍求者、无浊思惟者、身行已轻安者、心善解脱者、慧善解脱者。

348. ‘‘Dasa ariyavāsā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti, chaḷaṅgasamannāgato, ekārakkho, caturāpasseno, paṇunnapaccekasacco, samavayasaṭṭhesano, anāvilasaṅkappo, passaddhakāyasaṅkhāro, suvimuttacitto, suvimuttapañño.
已对照

“贤友,比丘怎样是已断五支者呢?贤友,在此,比丘的欲欲已断,瞋恚已断,昏沉睡眠已断,掉举追悔已断,疑已断。贤友,这样比丘就是已断五支者。

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno kāmacchando pahīno hoti, byāpādo pahīno hoti, thinamiddhaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, uddhaccakukuccaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, vicikicchā pahīnā hoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti.
已对照

“贤友,比丘怎样是已具六支者呢?贤友,在此,比丘以眼见色后,既不喜悦也不忧,住于舍,具念、正知;以耳闻声后……乃至……以意识法后,既不喜悦也不忧,住于舍,具念、正知。贤友,这样比丘就是已具六支者。

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu chaḷaṅgasamannāgato hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu chaḷaṅgasamannāgato hoti.
PTS 3.270已对照

“贤友,比丘怎样是有一守护者呢?贤友,在此,比丘具足以念守护的心。贤友,这样比丘就是有一守护者。

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu ekārakkho hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu satārakkhena cetasā samannāgato hoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu ekārakkho hoti.
已对照

“贤友,比丘怎样是有四所依者呢?贤友,在此,比丘审虑之后受用一[类事],审虑之后忍受一[类事],审虑之后回避一[类事],审虑之后除遣一[类事]。贤友,这样比丘就是有四所依者。

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu caturāpasseno hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu saṅkhāyekaṃ paṭisevati, saṅkhāyekaṃ adhivāseti, saṅkhāyekaṃ parivajjeti, saṅkhāyekaṃ vinodeti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu caturāpasseno hoti.
已对照

“贤友,比丘怎样是已除遣各别之谛者呢?贤友,在此,凡是众多沙门、婆罗门的种种各别之谛,比丘对那一切都已除去、已除遣、已弃舍、已吐出、已释放、已断除、已舍离。贤友,这样比丘就是已除遣各别之谛者。

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu paṇunnapaccekasacco hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno yāni tāni puthusamaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ puthupaccekasaccāni, sabbāni tāni nunnāni honti paṇunnāni cattāni vantāni muttāni pahīnāni paṭinissaṭṭhāni. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu paṇunnapaccekasacco hoti.
缅 3.225已对照

“贤友,比丘怎样是已完全舍遣遍求者呢?贤友,在此,比丘的欲求已断,有求已断,梵行求已止息。贤友,这样比丘就是已完全舍遣遍求者。

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu samavayasaṭṭhesano hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno kāmesanā pahīnā hoti, bhavesanā pahīnā hoti, brahmacariyesanā paṭippassaddhā. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu samavayasaṭṭhesano hoti.
已对照

“贤友,比丘怎样是无浊思惟者呢?贤友,在此,比丘的欲思惟已断,瞋恚思惟已断,害思惟已断。贤友,这样比丘就是无浊思惟者。

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu anāvilasaṅkappo hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno kāmasaṅkappo pahīno hoti, byāpādasaṅkappo pahīno hoti, vihiṃsāsaṅkappo pahīno hoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu anāvilasaṅkappo hoti.
已对照

“贤友,比丘怎样是身行已轻安者呢?贤友,在此,比丘舍断乐与舍断苦,先前的喜、忧已经灭没,不苦不乐,舍念清净,成就并住于第四禅。贤友,这样比丘就是身行已轻安者。

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu passaddhakāyasaṅkhāro hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu passaddhakāyasaṅkhāro hoti.
已对照

“贤友,比丘怎样是心善解脱者呢?贤友,在此,比丘的心从贪解脱,心从瞋解脱,心从痴解脱。贤友,这样比丘就是心善解脱者。

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu suvimuttacitto hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno rāgā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ hoti, dosā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ hoti, mohā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ hoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu suvimuttacitto hoti.
PTS 3.271已对照

“贤友,比丘怎样是慧善解脱者呢?贤友,在此,比丘了知:‘我的贪已断,根已断,已作成如断[顶]的多罗树[桩],已令归于不存在,未来不再生起之法。’了知:‘我的瞋已断,根已断,已作成如断[顶]的多罗树[桩],已令归于不存在,未来不再生起之法。’了知:‘我的痴已断,根已断,已作成如断[顶]的多罗树[桩],已令归于不存在,未来不再生起之法。’贤友,这样比丘就是慧善解脱者。

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu suvimuttapañño hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu ‘rāgo me pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṃkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo’ti pajānāti. ‘Doso me pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṃkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo’ti pajānāti. ‘Moho me pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṃkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo’ti pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu suvimuttapañño hoti.
已对照

“十无学法——无学的正见、无学的正思惟、无学的正语、无学的正业、无学的正命、无学的正精进、无学的正念、无学的正定、无学的正智、无学的正解脱。

‘‘Dasa asekkhā dhammā – asekkhā sammādiṭṭhi, asekkho sammāsaṅkappo, asekkhā sammāvācā, asekkho sammākammanto, asekkho sammāājīvo, asekkho sammāvāyāmo, asekkhā sammāsati, asekkho sammāsamādhi, asekkhaṃ sammāñāṇaṃ, asekkhā sammāvimutti.
缅 3.226已对照

“贤友们,这些就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所正说的十法。于此,一切人都应当合诵,不应争论,好让这梵行长久、久住——那将是为了众人的利益,为了众人的安乐,为了怜悯世间,为了天与人的义利、利益与安乐。”

‘‘Ime kho, āvuso, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dasa dhammā sammadakkhātā. Tattha sabbeheva saṅgāyitabbaṃ na vivaditabbaṃ, yathayidaṃ brahmacariyaṃ addhaniyaṃ assa ciraṭṭhitikaṃ, tadassa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussāna’’nti.
349已对照

那时,世尊起身,对具寿舍利弗说:“善哉,善哉!舍利弗,你为诸比丘说了众集的法门(saṅgītipariyāya),真是善哉。”具寿舍利弗这样说,导师表示赞同。那些比丘满意、欢喜具寿舍利弗所说。

《众集经》第十[经]终。

349. Atha kho bhagavā uṭṭhahitvā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ āmantesi – ‘sādhu sādhu, sāriputta, sādhu kho tvaṃ, sāriputta, bhikkhūnaṃ saṅgītipariyāyaṃ abhāsī’ti. Idamavocāyasmā sāriputto, samanuñño satthā ahosi. Attamanā te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
Saṅgītisuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dasamaṃ.