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长部第9经 · 布咤婆楼经 Poṭṭhapādasuttaṃ

406PTS 1.178缅 1.167已对照

游方者布咤婆楼之事如是我闻:一时,世尊(Bhagavā)住在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)的祇树林(Jetavana)给孤独园(Anāthapiṇḍika 之园)。当时,游方者(paribbājaka)布咤婆楼(Poṭṭhapāda)与三千位游方者组成的一大群游方者众一起,住在末利(Mallikā)园的宗义论堂(samayappavādaka)——[那园]围以镇头迦林围(tindukācīra),[原]只有一堂(ekasālaka)。那时,世尊在上午穿好衣,取了钵与衣,为托钵而进入舍卫城。

406. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena poṭṭhapādo paribbājako samayappavādake tindukācīre ekasālake mallikāya ārāme paṭivasati mahatiyā paribbājakaparisāya saddhiṃ tiṃsamattehi paribbājakasatehi. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sāvatthiṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi.
407已对照

当时,世尊这样想:“现在到舍卫城托钵还太早。我何不前往末利园的宗义论堂——那围以镇头迦林围、[原]只有一堂[的园]——前往游方者布咤婆楼之处呢?”于是世尊便前往末利园的宗义论堂,那围以镇头迦林围、[原]只有一堂[的园]。

407. Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi – ‘‘atippago kho tāva sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya carituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena samayappavādako tindukācīro ekasālako mallikāya ārāmo, yena poṭṭhapādo paribbājako tenupasaṅkameyya’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā yena samayappavādako tindukācīro ekasālako mallikāya ārāmo tenupasaṅkami.
408PTS 1.179已对照

当时,游方者布咤婆楼正与一大群游方者众坐在一起,[那众会]喧哗着,发出高声、大声,谈论着种种畜生论(tiracchānakathā)。这就是:国王论、盗贼论、大臣论、军队论、怖畏论、战争论、食物论、饮料论、衣服论、卧具论、花鬘论、香论、亲戚论、车乘论、村庄论、集镇论、城市论、国土论、女人论、勇士论、街道论、井边论、先亡论、种种论、世界起源论、海洋起源论、如此有无论。

408. Tena kho pana samayena poṭṭhapādo paribbājako mahatiyā paribbājakaparisāya saddhiṃ nisinno hoti unnādiniyā uccāsaddamahāsaddāya anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ kathentiyā. Seyyathidaṃ – rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ mahāmattakathaṃ senākathaṃ bhayakathaṃ yuddhakathaṃ annakathaṃ pānakathaṃ vatthakathaṃ sayanakathaṃ mālākathaṃ gandhakathaṃ ñātikathaṃ yānakathaṃ gāmakathaṃ nigamakathaṃ nagarakathaṃ janapadakathaṃ itthikathaṃ sūrakathaṃ visikhākathaṃ kumbhaṭṭhānakathaṃ pubbapetakathaṃ nānattakathaṃ lokakkhāyikaṃ samuddakkhāyikaṃ itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vā.
409已对照

游方者布咤婆楼远远看见世尊走来;看见后,便安顿自己的众会:“诸位请寂静,诸位请勿作声。这位沙门乔达摩(Gotama)来了。那位具寿喜好寂静(appasadda),称赞寂静。或许他知道这众会寂静,便会想到可以前来。”这样说时,那些游方者就沉默了。

409. Addasā kho poṭṭhapādo paribbājako bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ; disvāna sakaṃ parisaṃ saṇṭhapesi – ‘‘appasaddā bhonto hontu, mā bhonto saddamakattha. Ayaṃ samaṇo gotamo āgacchati. Appasaddakāmo kho so āyasmā appasaddassa vaṇṇavādī. Appeva nāma appasaddaṃ parisaṃ viditvā upasaṅkamitabbaṃ maññeyyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte te paribbājakā tuṇhī ahesuṃ.
410缅 1.168已对照

于是,世尊前往游方者布咤婆楼之处。游方者布咤婆楼便对世尊这样说:“尊者,世尊请来!尊者,世尊善来!尊者,世尊隔了很久才作这一趟因由(pariyāya),即为了来到此处。尊者,请世尊就座,这座位已经敷设好了。”世尊便坐在敷设好的座位上。游方者布咤婆楼也取了一个低座,坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的游方者布咤婆楼这样说:“布咤婆楼,你们现在为了什么谈论而集坐在这里?你们尚未说完的谈论又是什么呢?”

410. Atha kho bhagavā yena poṭṭhapādo paribbājako tenupasaṅkami. Atha kho poṭṭhapādo paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘etu kho, bhante, bhagavā. Svāgataṃ, bhante, bhagavato. Cirassaṃ kho, bhante, bhagavā imaṃ pariyāyamakāsi, yadidaṃ idhāgamanāya. Nisīdatu, bhante, bhagavā, idaṃ āsanaṃ paññatta’’nti.
Nisīdi bhagavā paññatte āsane. Poṭṭhapādopi kho paribbājako aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho poṭṭhapādaṃ paribbājakaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘kāya nuttha [kāya nottha (syā. ka.)], poṭṭhapāda, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā, kā ca pana vo antarākathā vippakatā’’ti?
Abhisaññānirodhakathā
411PTS 1.180缅 1.169已对照

想灭之论这样说时,游方者布咤婆楼对世尊这样说:“尊者,这个谈论且搁下吧,就是我们现在集坐所谈的这个谈论。尊者,这个谈论以后世尊也不难听到。尊者,前些天、更前些天,种种外道的沙门、婆罗门集坐、聚集在好奇堂(kotūhalasālā)中,就想灭(abhisaññānirodha)生起了这样的谈论:‘诸位,想灭究竟是如何发生的呢?’其中,有些人这样说:‘人的诸想无因、无缘地生起,也无因、无缘地灭去。在它们生起的时候,他那时便是有想者;在它们灭去的时候,他那时便是无想者。’有些人就这样施设想灭。“另一人对他这样说:‘诸位,这事对我来说并非如此。诸位,想就是人的自我。它既来也去。在它来的时候,他那时便是有想者;在它去的时候,他那时便是无想者。’有些人就这样施设想灭。“另一人对他这样说:‘诸位,这事对我来说并非如此。诸位,确有大神通、大威力的沙门、婆罗门。他们把这个人的想拉进来,也把它拉出去。在他们拉进来的时候,他那时便是有想者;在他们拉出去的时候,他那时便是无想者。’有些人就这样施设想灭。“另一人对他这样说:‘诸位,这事对我来说并非如此。诸位,确有大神通、大威力的诸天。他们把这个人的想拉进来,也把它拉出去。在他们拉进来的时候,他那时便是有想者;在他们拉出去的时候,他那时便是无想者。’有些人就这样施设想灭。“尊者,我当时就世尊本人生起了忆念:‘啊,但愿世尊[能说]!啊,但愿善逝(sugata)[能说]!——那位于这些法极为善巧的。’尊者,世尊善巧,世尊是想灭的知本性者(pakataññū)。尊者,想灭究竟是如何发生的呢?”

411. Evaṃ vutte poṭṭhapādo paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tiṭṭhatesā, bhante, kathā, yāya mayaṃ etarahi kathāya sannisinnā. Nesā, bhante, kathā bhagavato dullabhā bhavissati pacchāpi savanāya. Purimāni, bhante, divasāni purimatarāni, nānātitthiyānaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ kotūhalasālāya sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ abhisaññānirodhe kathā udapādi – ‘kathaṃ nu kho, bho, abhisaññānirodho hotī’ti? Tatrekacce evamāhaṃsu – ‘ahetū appaccayā purisassa saññā uppajjantipi nirujjhantipi. Yasmiṃ samaye uppajjanti, saññī tasmiṃ samaye hoti. Yasmiṃ samaye nirujjhanti, asaññī tasmiṃ samaye hotī’ti. Ittheke abhisaññānirodhaṃ paññapenti.
‘‘Tamañño evamāha – ‘na kho pana metaṃ [na kho nāmetaṃ (sī. pī.)], bho, evaṃ bhavissati. Saññā hi, bho, purisassa attā. Sā ca kho upetipi apetipi. Yasmiṃ samaye upeti, saññī tasmiṃ samaye hoti. Yasmiṃ samaye apeti, asaññī tasmiṃ samaye hotī’ti. Ittheke abhisaññānirodhaṃ paññapenti.
‘‘Tamañño evamāha – ‘na kho pana metaṃ, bho, evaṃ bhavissati. Santi hi, bho, samaṇabrāhmaṇā mahiddhikā mahānubhāvā. Te imassa purisassa saññaṃ upakaḍḍhantipi apakaḍḍhantipi. Yasmiṃ samaye upakaḍḍhanti, saññī tasmiṃ samaye hoti. Yasmiṃ samaye apakaḍḍhanti, asaññī tasmiṃ samaye hotī’ti. Ittheke abhisaññānirodhaṃ paññapenti.
‘‘Tamañño evamāha – ‘na kho pana metaṃ, bho, evaṃ bhavissati. Santi hi, bho, devatā mahiddhikā mahānubhāvā. Tā imassa purisassa saññaṃ upakaḍḍhantipi apakaḍḍhantipi. Yasmiṃ samaye upakaḍḍhanti, saññī tasmiṃ samaye hoti. Yasmiṃ samaye apakaḍḍhanti, asaññī tasmiṃ samaye hotī’ti. Ittheke abhisaññānirodhaṃ paññapenti.
‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃyeva ārabbha sati udapādi – ‘aho nūna bhagavā, aho nūna sugato, yo imesaṃ dhammānaṃ sukusalo’ti. Bhagavā, bhante, kusalo, bhagavā pakataññū abhisaññānirodhassa. Kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, abhisaññānirodho hotī’’ti?
Sahetukasaññuppādanirodhakathā
412PTS 1.181已对照

有因之想的生灭论“布咤婆楼,其中,那些沙门、婆罗门这样说:‘人的诸想无因、无缘地生起,也无因、无缘地灭去’——他们从一开始就错了。这是什么缘故呢?布咤婆楼,人的诸想实是有因、有缘地生起,有因、有缘地灭去。由于修学(sikkhā),一种想生起;由于修学,一种想灭去。”

412. ‘‘Tatra, poṭṭhapāda, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evamāhaṃsu – ‘ahetū appaccayā purisassa saññā uppajjantipi nirujjhantipī’ti, āditova tesaṃ aparaddhaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Sahetū hi, poṭṭhapāda, sappaccayā purisassa saññā uppajjantipi nirujjhantipi. Sikkhā ekā saññā uppajjati, sikkhā ekā saññā nirujjhati’’.
413PTS 1.182缅 1.170已对照

“那么,什么是修学呢?”世尊说:“布咤婆楼,于此,如来(Tathāgata)出现于世间,是阿罗汉(arahaṃ)、正等正觉者(sammāsambuddho)……乃至……(如第 190–212 节,应如是广说)。布咤婆楼,比丘就是这样具足戒的……乃至……当他观见自己已舍断这五盖时,愉悦生起;愉悦者,喜(pīti)生起;意有喜者,身轻安;身轻安者,感受乐(sukha);有乐者,心得定(samādhi)。“布咤婆楼,比丘他已离诸欲,离诸不善法,有寻(vitakka)、有伺(vicāra),离生喜、乐,成就并住于初禅。他先前的那欲想(kāmasaññā)便灭去;那时有离生喜乐的微细真实想(vivekajapītisukhasukhumasaccasaññā),那时他就只是离生喜乐的微细真实想(vivekajapītisukhasukhumasaccasaññā)者。这样也是由于修学,一种想生起;由于修学,一种想灭去。这就是修学。”世尊这样说。“再者,布咤婆楼,比丘寻、伺寂止,内洁净,心专一性,无寻、无伺,定生喜、乐,成就并住于第二禅。他先前的那离生喜乐的微细真实想便灭去;那时有定生喜乐的微细真实想(samādhijapītisukhasukhumasaccasaññā),那时他就只是定生喜乐的微细真实想(samādhijapītisukhasukhumasaccasaññā)者。这样也是由于修学,一种想生起;由于修学,一种想灭去。这也是修学。”世尊这样说。“再者,布咤婆楼,比丘离喜,住于舍(upekkhā),具念与正知,以身受乐,正如圣者们所说的:‘舍、具念、乐住。’成就并住于第三禅。他先前的那定生喜乐的微细真实想便灭去;那时有舍乐的微细真实想(upekkhāsukhasukhumasaccasaññā),那时他就只是舍乐的微细真实想(upekkhāsukhasukhumasaccasaññā)者。这样也是由于修学,一种想生起;由于修学,一种想灭去。这也是修学。”世尊这样说。“再者,布咤婆楼,比丘舍断乐与舍断苦,先前的喜、忧已经灭没,不苦不乐,舍念清净(upekkhāsatipārisuddhi),成就并住于第四禅。他先前的那舍乐的微细真实想便灭去;那时有不苦不乐的微细真实想(adukkhamasukhasukhumasaccasaññā),那时他就只是不苦不乐的微细真实想(adukkhamasukhasukhumasaccasaññā)者。这样也是由于修学,一种想生起;由于修学,一种想灭去。这也是修学。”世尊这样说。“再者,布咤婆楼,比丘由于完全超越色想,有对想(paṭighasaññā)灭没,不作意种种想,[知]‘虚空是无边的’,成就并住于空无边处(ākāsānañcāyatana)。他先前的那色想便灭去;那时有空无边处的微细真实想,那时他就只是空无边处微细真实想者。这样也是由于修学,一种想生起;由于修学,一种想灭去。这也是修学。”世尊这样说。“再者,布咤婆楼,比丘完全超越空无边处,[知]‘识是无边的’,成就并住于识无边处(viññāṇañcāyatana)。他先前的那空无边处微细真实想便灭去;那时有识无边处的微细真实想,那时他就只是识无边处微细真实想者。这样也是由于修学,一种想生起;由于修学,一种想灭去。这也是修学。”世尊这样说。“再者,布咤婆楼,比丘完全超越识无边处,[知]‘什么都没有’,成就并住于无所有处(ākiñcaññāyatana)。他先前的那识无边处微细真实想便灭去;那时有无所有处的微细真实想,那时他就只是无所有处微细真实想者。这样也是由于修学,一种想生起;由于修学,一种想灭去。这也是修学。”世尊这样说。

413. ‘‘Kā ca sikkhā’’ti? Bhagavā avoca – ‘‘idha, poṭṭhapāda, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ, sammāsambuddho…pe… (yathā 190-212 anucchedesu, evaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ). Evaṃ kho, poṭṭhapāda, bhikkhu sīlasampanno hoti…pe… tassime pañcanīvaraṇe pahīne attani samanupassato pāmojjaṃ jāyati, pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. So vivicceva kāmehi, vivicca akusalehi dhammehi, savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Tassa yā purimā kāmasaññā, sā nirujjhati. Vivekajapītisukhasukhumasaccasaññā tasmiṃ samaye hoti, vivekajapītisukhasukhuma-saccasaññīyeva tasmiṃ samaye hoti. Evampi sikkhā ekā saññā uppajjati, sikkhā ekā saññā nirujjhati. Ayaṃ sikkhā’’ti bhagavā avoca.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Tassa yā purimā vivekajapītisukhasukhumasaccasaññā, sā nirujjhati. Samādhijapītisukhasukhumasaccasaññā tasmiṃ samaye hoti, samādhijapītisukhasukhumasaccasaññīyeva tasmiṃ samaye hoti. Evampi sikkhā ekā saññā uppajjati, sikkhā ekā saññā nirujjhati. Ayampi sikkhā’’ti bhagavā avoca.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – ‘‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’’ti, tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Tassa yā purimā samādhijapītisukhasukhumasaccasaññā, sā nirujjhati. Upekkhāsukhasukhumasaccasaññā tasmiṃ samaye hoti, upekkhāsukhasukhumasaccasaññīyeva tasmiṃ samaye hoti. Evampi sikkhā ekā saññā uppajjati, sikkhā ekā saññā nirujjhati. Ayampi sikkhā’’ti bhagavā avoca.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Tassa yā purimā upekkhāsukhasukhumasaccasaññā, sā nirujjhati. Adukkhamasukhasukhumasaccasaññā tasmiṃ samaye hoti, adukkhamasukhasukhumasaccasaññīyeva tasmiṃ samaye hoti. Evampi sikkhā ekā saññā uppajjati, sikkhā ekā saññā nirujjhati. Ayampi sikkhā’’ti bhagavā avoca.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, bhikkhu sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Tassa yā purimā rūpasaññā [purimasaññā (ka.)], sā nirujjhati. Ākāsānañcāyatanasukhumasaccasaññā tasmiṃ samaye hoti, ākāsānañcāyatanasukhumasaccasaññīyeva tasmiṃ samaye hoti. Evampi sikkhā ekā saññā uppajjati, sikkhā ekā saññā nirujjhati. Ayampi sikkhā’’ti bhagavā avoca.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, bhikkhu sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Tassa yā purimā ākāsānañcāyatanasukhumasaccasaññā, sā nirujjhati. Viññāṇañcāyatanasukhumasaccasaññā tasmiṃ samaye hoti, viññāṇañcāyatanasukhumasaccasaññīyeva tasmiṃ samaye hoti. Evampi sikkhā ekā saññā uppajjati, sikkhā ekā saññā nirujjhati. Ayampi sikkhā’’ti bhagavā avoca.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, bhikkhu sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Tassa yā purimā viññāṇañcāyatanasukhumasaccasaññā, sā nirujjhati. Ākiñcaññāyatanasukhumasaccasaññā tasmiṃ samaye hoti, ākiñcaññāyatanasukhumasaccasaññīyeva tasmiṃ samaye hoti. Evampi sikkhā ekā saññā uppajjati, sikkhā ekā saññā nirujjhati. Ayampi sikkhā’’ti bhagavā avoca.
414PTS 1.185缅 1.172已对照

“布咤婆楼,自比丘于此成为自想者(sakasaññī)起,他便由此至彼、由此至彼,次第触及想的顶点(saññagga)。当他住立于想的顶点时,他这样想:‘我思念(cetayamāna)则较劣,我不思念则较胜。若我思念、造作(abhisaṅkharoti),我这些想便会灭去,而其他粗的想便会生起;我何不既不思念,也不造作呢?’于是他既不思念,也不造作。当他不思念、不造作时,那些想便灭去,而其他粗的想也不生起。他触及灭(nirodha)。布咤婆楼,次第想灭正知等至(anupubbābhisaññānirodha-sampajāna-samāpatti)就是这样的。”“布咤婆楼,你怎么想?在此之前,你可曾听闻过这样的次第想灭正知等至吗?”“尊者,确实没有。尊者,我这样领会世尊所说的:‘布咤婆楼,自比丘于此成为自想者起,他便由此至彼、由此至彼,次第触及想的顶点。当他住立于想的顶点时,他这样想:“我思念则较劣,我不思念则较胜。若我思念、造作,我这些想便会灭去,而其他粗的想便会生起;我何不既不思念,也不造作呢?”于是他既不思念,也不造作。当他不思念、不造作时,那些想便灭去,而其他粗的想也不生起。他触及灭。布咤婆楼,次第想灭正知等至就是这样的。’”“布咤婆楼,正是如此。”

414. ‘‘Yato kho, poṭṭhapāda, bhikkhu idha sakasaññī hoti, so tato amutra tato amutra anupubbena saññaggaṃ phusati. Tassa saññagge ṭhitassa evaṃ hoti – ‘cetayamānassa me pāpiyo, acetayamānassa me seyyo. Ahañceva kho pana ceteyyaṃ, abhisaṅkhareyyaṃ, imā ca me saññā nirujjheyyuṃ, aññā ca oḷārikā saññā uppajjeyyuṃ; yaṃnūnāhaṃ na ceva ceteyyaṃ na ca abhisaṅkhareyya’nti. So na ceva ceteti, na ca abhisaṅkharoti. Tassa acetayato anabhisaṅkharoto tā ceva saññā nirujjhanti, aññā ca oḷārikā saññā na uppajjanti. So nirodhaṃ phusati. Evaṃ kho, poṭṭhapāda, anupubbābhisaññānirodha-sampajāna-samāpatti hoti.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, poṭṭhapāda, api nu te ito pubbe evarūpā anupubbābhisaññānirodha-sampajāna-samāpatti sutapubbā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante. Evaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, bhagavato bhāsitaṃ ājānāmi – ‘yato kho, poṭṭhapāda, bhikkhu idha sakasaññī hoti, so tato amutra tato amutra anupubbena saññaggaṃ phusati, tassa saññagge ṭhitassa evaṃ hoti – ‘‘cetayamānassa me pāpiyo, acetayamānassa me seyyo. Ahañceva kho pana ceteyyaṃ abhisaṅkhareyyaṃ, imā ca me saññā nirujjheyyuṃ, aññā ca oḷārikā saññā uppajjeyyuṃ; yaṃnūnāhaṃ na ceva ceteyyaṃ, na ca abhisaṅkhareyya’’nti. So na ceva ceteti, na cābhisaṅkharoti, tassa acetayato anabhisaṅkharoto tā ceva saññā nirujjhanti, aññā ca oḷārikā saññā na uppajjanti. So nirodhaṃ phusati. Evaṃ kho, poṭṭhapāda, anupubbābhisaññānirodha-sampajāna-samāpatti hotī’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, poṭṭhapādā’’ti.
415已对照

“尊者,世尊只施设一个想的顶点呢,还是也施设多个想的顶点?”“布咤婆楼,我既施设一个想的顶点,也施设多个想的顶点。”“尊者,世尊如何既施设一个想的顶点,又施设多个想的顶点呢?”“布咤婆楼,随他以什么方式触及灭,我便随之施设想的顶点。布咤婆楼,我就是这样既施设一个想的顶点,也施设多个想的顶点的。”

415. ‘‘Ekaññeva nu kho, bhante, bhagavā saññaggaṃ paññapeti, udāhu puthūpi saññagge paññapetī’’ti? ‘‘Ekampi kho ahaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, saññaggaṃ paññapemi, puthūpi saññagge paññapemī’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana, bhante, bhagavā ekampi saññaggaṃ paññapeti, puthūpi saññagge paññapetī’’ti? ‘‘Yathā yathā kho, poṭṭhapāda, nirodhaṃ phusati, tathā tathāhaṃ saññaggaṃ paññapemi. Evaṃ kho ahaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, ekampi saññaggaṃ paññapemi, puthūpi saññagge paññapemī’’ti.
416已对照

“尊者,是想先生起、后有智(ñāṇa)呢,还是智先生起、后有想,还是想与智无前无后地生起?”“布咤婆楼,是想先生起、后有智;由想的生起而有智的生起。他这样了知:‘我的智原来是缘于此而生起的。’布咤婆楼,应当以这个方式了知:想先生起、后有智;由想的生起而有智的生起。”

416. ‘‘Saññā nu kho, bhante, paṭhamaṃ uppajjati, pacchā ñāṇaṃ, udāhu ñāṇaṃ paṭhamaṃ uppajjati, pacchā saññā, udāhu saññā ca ñāṇañca apubbaṃ acarimaṃ uppajjantī’’ti? ‘‘Saññā kho, poṭṭhapāda, paṭhamaṃ uppajjati, pacchā ñāṇaṃ, saññuppādā ca pana ñāṇuppādo hoti. So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘idappaccayā kira me ñāṇaṃ udapādī’ti. Iminā kho etaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, pariyāyena veditabbaṃ – yathā saññā paṭhamaṃ uppajjati, pacchā ñāṇaṃ, saññuppādā ca pana ñāṇuppādo hotī’’ti.
Saññāattakathā
417PTS 1.186缅 1.173已对照

想与自我之论“尊者,想就是人的自我呢,还是想是一回事、自我是另一回事?”“布咤婆楼,那么你认取(paccesi)什么为自我呢?”“尊者,我认取粗的、有色、四大种所成、食段食(kabaḷīkārāhāra)的自我。”“布咤婆楼,纵使你的自我是粗的、有色、四大种所成、食段食的,布咤婆楼,即使如此,你的想也将是一回事,自我是另一回事。布咤婆楼,也应当以这个方式了知:想将是一回事,自我是另一回事。布咤婆楼,这个粗的、有色、四大种所成、食段食的自我依然存立着,而这个人却是一些想生起、另一些想灭去。布咤婆楼,就应当以这个方式了知:想将是一回事,自我是另一回事。”

417. ‘‘Saññā nu kho, bhante, purisassa attā, udāhu aññā saññā añño attā’’ti? ‘‘Kaṃ pana tvaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, attānaṃ paccesī’’ti? ‘‘Oḷārikaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, attānaṃ paccemi rūpiṃ cātumahābhūtikaṃ kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkha’’nti [kabaḷīkārabhakkhanti (syā. ka.)]. ‘‘Oḷāriko ca hi te, poṭṭhapāda, attā abhavissa rūpī cātumahābhūtiko kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkho. Evaṃ santaṃ kho te, poṭṭhapāda, aññāva saññā bhavissati añño attā. Tadamināpetaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, pariyāyena veditabbaṃ yathā aññāva saññā bhavissati añño attā. Tiṭṭhateva sāyaṃ [tiṭṭhatevāyaṃ (sī. pī.)], poṭṭhapāda, oḷāriko attā rūpī cātumahābhūtiko kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkho, atha imassa purisassa aññā ca saññā uppajjanti, aññā ca saññā nirujjhanti. Iminā kho etaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, pariyāyena veditabbaṃ yathā aññāva saññā bhavissati añño attā’’ti.
418已对照

“尊者,我认取意所成(manomaya)、具足一切大小肢体、诸根不缺的自我。”“布咤婆楼,纵使你的自我是意所成、具足一切大小肢体、诸根不缺的,布咤婆楼,即使如此,你的想也将是一回事,自我是另一回事。布咤婆楼,也应当以这个方式了知:想将是一回事,自我是另一回事。布咤婆楼,这个意所成、具足一切大小肢体、诸根不缺的自我依然存立着,而这个人却是一些想生起、另一些想灭去。布咤婆楼,就应当以这个方式了知:想将是一回事,自我是另一回事。”

418. ‘‘Manomayaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, attānaṃ paccemi sabbaṅgapaccaṅgiṃ ahīnindriya’’nti. ‘‘Manomayo ca hi te, poṭṭhapāda, attā abhavissa sabbaṅgapaccaṅgī ahīnindriyo, evaṃ santampi kho te, poṭṭhapāda, aññāva saññā bhavissati añño attā. Tadamināpetaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, pariyāyena veditabbaṃ yathā aññāva saññā bhavissati añño attā. Tiṭṭhateva sāyaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, manomayo attā sabbaṅgapaccaṅgī ahīnindriyo, atha imassa purisassa aññā ca saññā uppajjanti, aññā ca saññā nirujjhanti. Imināpi kho etaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, pariyāyena veditabbaṃ yathā aññāva saññā bhavissati añño attā’’ti.
419PTS 1.187已对照

“尊者,我认取无色、想所成(saññāmaya)的自我。”“布咤婆楼,纵使你的自我是无色、想所成的,布咤婆楼,即使如此,你的想也将是一回事,自我是另一回事。布咤婆楼,也应当以这个方式了知:想将是一回事,自我是另一回事。布咤婆楼,这个无色、想所成的自我依然存立着,而这个人却是一些想生起、另一些想灭去。布咤婆楼,就应当以这个方式了知:想将是一回事,自我是另一回事。”

419. ‘‘Arūpiṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, attānaṃ paccemi saññāmaya’’nti. ‘‘Arūpī ca hi te, poṭṭhapāda, attā abhavissa saññāmayo, evaṃ santampi kho te, poṭṭhapāda, aññāva saññā bhavissati añño attā. Tadamināpetaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, pariyāyena veditabbaṃ yathā aññāva saññā bhavissati añño attā. Tiṭṭhateva sāyaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, arūpī attā saññāmayo, atha imassa purisassa aññā ca saññā uppajjanti, aññā ca saññā nirujjhanti. Imināpi kho etaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, pariyāyena veditabbaṃ yathā aññāva saññā bhavissati añño attā’’ti.
420PTS 1.188缅 1.174已对照

“尊者,我能够知道这一点吗——‘想就是人的自我’,或者‘想是一回事、自我是另一回事’?”“布咤婆楼,你持异见、异认可(khanti)、异好(ruci),努力于异[道],师位在异[派],要知道‘想就是人的自我’或‘想是一回事、自我是另一回事’,是难以知道的。”“尊者,如果我这样持异见、异认可、异好、努力于异[道]、师位在异[派],就难以知道‘想就是人的自我’或‘想是一回事、自我是另一回事’;那么,尊者,‘世间是常,唯此是真实,余者虚妄’吗?”“布咤婆楼,这一点我不作解答:‘世间是常,唯此是真实,余者虚妄。’”“那么,尊者,‘世间是无常,唯此是真实,余者虚妄’吗?”“布咤婆楼,这一点我也不作解答:‘世间是无常,唯此是真实,余者虚妄。’”“那么,尊者,‘世间有边’……乃至……‘世间无边’……‘命即是身’……‘命异身异’……‘如来死后存在’……‘如来死后不存在’……‘如来死后既存在又不存在’……‘如来死后既非存在又非不存在,唯此是真实,余者虚妄’吗?”“布咤婆楼,这一点我也不作解答:‘如来死后既非存在又非不存在,唯此是真实,余者虚妄。’”“那么,尊者,世尊为什么不解答这些呢?”“布咤婆楼,因为这不与义相应(atthasaṃhita),不与法相应,非梵行之初,不导向厌离、离欲、灭、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃,所以我不作解答。”“那么,尊者,世尊解答的是什么呢?”“布咤婆楼,‘此是苦’——这一点我作解答。布咤婆楼,‘此是苦之集’——这一点我作解答。布咤婆楼,‘此是苦之灭’——这一点我作解答。布咤婆楼,‘此是导至苦灭之道’——这一点我作解答。”“那么,尊者,世尊为什么解答这些呢?”“布咤婆楼,因为这与义相应,这与法相应,这是梵行之初,这导向厌离、离欲、灭、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃,所以我作解答。”“正是这样,世尊;正是这样,善逝。尊者,现在正是世尊认为适时的时候。”于是,世尊从座而起,离去了。

420. ‘‘Sakkā panetaṃ, bhante, mayā ñātuṃ – ‘saññā purisassa attā’ti vā ‘aññāva saññā añño attāti vā’ti? ‘‘Dujjānaṃ kho etaṃ [evaṃ (ka.)], poṭṭhapāda, tayā aññadiṭṭhikena aññakhantikena aññarucikena aññatrāyogena aññatrācariyakena – ‘saññā purisassa attā’ti vā, ‘aññāva saññā añño attāti vā’’’ti.
‘‘Sace taṃ, bhante, mayā dujjānaṃ aññadiṭṭhikena aññakhantikena aññarucikena aññatrāyogena aññatrācariyakena – ‘saññā purisassa attā’ti vā, ‘aññāva saññā añño attā’ti vā; ‘kiṃ pana, bhante, sassato loko, idameva saccaṃ moghamañña’nti? Abyākataṃ kho etaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, mayā – ‘sassato loko, idameva saccaṃ moghamañña’nti.
‘‘Kiṃ pana, bhante, ‘asassato loko, idameva saccaṃ moghamañña’’’nti? ‘‘Etampi kho, poṭṭhapāda, mayā abyākataṃ – ‘asassato loko, idameva saccaṃ moghamañña’’’nti.
‘‘Kiṃ pana, bhante, ‘antavā loko…pe… ‘anantavā loko … ‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīraṃ… ‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīraṃ… ‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā… ‘na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā… ‘hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā… ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā, idameva saccaṃ moghamañña’’’nti? ‘‘Etampi kho, poṭṭhapāda, mayā abyākataṃ – ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā, idameva saccaṃ moghamañña’’’nti.
‘‘Kasmā panetaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā abyākata’’nti? ‘‘Na hetaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, atthasaṃhitaṃ na dhammasaṃhitaṃ nādibrahmacariyakaṃ, na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati, tasmā etaṃ mayā abyākata’’nti.
‘‘Kiṃ pana, bhante, bhagavatā byākata’’nti? ‘‘Idaṃ dukkhanti kho, poṭṭhapāda, mayā byākataṃ. Ayaṃ dukkhasamudayoti kho, poṭṭhapāda, mayā byākataṃ. Ayaṃ dukkhanirodhoti kho, poṭṭhapāda, mayā byākataṃ. Ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti kho, poṭṭhapāda, mayā byākata’’nti.
‘‘Kasmā panetaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā byākata’’nti? ‘‘Etañhi, poṭṭhapāda, atthasaṃhitaṃ, etaṃ dhammasaṃhitaṃ, etaṃ ādibrahmacariyakaṃ, etaṃ nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati; tasmā etaṃ mayā byākata’’nti. ‘‘Evametaṃ, bhagavā, evametaṃ, sugata. Yassadāni, bhante, bhagavā kālaṃ maññatī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
421PTS 1.190缅 1.175已对照

世尊离去后不久,那些游方者便以言语的刺棒从四面八方戳刺游方者布咤婆楼:“这位布咤婆楼尊师就是这样,沙门乔达摩说什么,他就随喜什么——‘正是这样,世尊;正是这样,善逝。’可是我们并不了解沙门乔达摩曾宣说过任何一向[决定]的法:‘世间是常’,或‘世间是无常’,或‘世间有边’,或‘世间无边’,或‘命即是身’,或‘命异身异’,或‘如来死后存在’,或‘如来死后不存在’,或‘如来死后既存在又不存在’,或‘如来死后既非存在又非不存在’。”这样说时,游方者布咤婆楼对那些游方者这样说:“诸位,我也不了解沙门乔达摩曾宣说过任何一向[决定]的法:‘世间是常’,或‘世间是无常’……乃至……或‘如来死后既非存在又非不存在’。然而沙门乔达摩施设真实(bhūta)、如实(taccha)、如是(tatha)之道,[施设]法住性(dhammaṭṭhitatā)、法决定性(dhammaniyāmatā)。对于施设真实、如实、如是之道,[施设]法住性、法决定性者,像我这样的智者,怎能不把沙门乔达摩的善说随喜为善说呢?”

421. Atha kho te paribbājakā acirapakkantassa bhagavato poṭṭhapādaṃ paribbājakaṃ samantato vācā [vācāya (syā. ka.)] sannitodakena sañjhabbharimakaṃsu – ‘‘evameva panāyaṃ bhavaṃ poṭṭhapādo yaññadeva samaṇo gotamo bhāsati, taṃ tadevassa abbhanumodati – ‘evametaṃ bhagavā evametaṃ, sugatā’ti. Na kho pana mayaṃ kiñci [kañci (pī.)] samaṇassa gotamassa ekaṃsikaṃ dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāma – ‘sassato loko’ti vā, ‘asassato loko’ti vā, ‘antavā loko’ti vā, ‘anantavā loko’ti vā, ‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra’nti vā, ‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīra’nti vā, ‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā’’ti.
Evaṃ vutte poṭṭhapādo paribbājako te paribbājake etadavoca – ‘‘ahampi kho, bho, na kiñci samaṇassa gotamassa ekaṃsikaṃ dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi – ‘sassato loko’ti vā, ‘asassato loko’ti vā…pe… ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā; api ca samaṇo gotamo bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ tathaṃ paṭipadaṃ paññapeti dhammaṭṭhitataṃ dhammaniyāmataṃ. Bhūtaṃ kho pana tacchaṃ tathaṃ paṭipadaṃ paññapentassa dhammaṭṭhitataṃ dhammaniyāmataṃ, kathañhi nāma mādiso viññū samaṇassa gotamassa subhāsitaṃ subhāsitato nābbhanumodeyyā’’ti?
Cittahatthisāriputtapoṭṭhapādavatthu
422PTS 1.191缅 1.176已对照

质多·象师子与布咤婆楼之事过了两三天,质多·象师子(Citta Hatthisāriputta)与游方者布咤婆楼一同前往世尊之处;到了之后,质多·象师子礼敬世尊,坐在一旁。而游方者布咤婆楼则与世尊互相问候;交换了友好、可念的问候话语之后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的游方者布咤婆楼对世尊这样说:“尊者,那时世尊离去后不久,那些游方者便以言语的刺棒从四面八方戳刺我:‘这位布咤婆楼尊师就是这样,沙门乔达摩说什么,他就随喜什么——“正是这样,世尊;正是这样,善逝。”可是我们并不了解沙门乔达摩曾宣说过任何一向的法:“世间是常”,或“世间是无常”,或“世间有边”,或“世间无边”,或“命即是身”,或“命异身异”,或“如来死后存在”,或“如来死后不存在”,或“如来死后既存在又不存在”,或“如来死后既非存在又非不存在”。’尊者,被这样说时,我便对那些游方者这样说:‘诸位,我也不了解沙门乔达摩曾宣说过任何一向的法:“世间是常”,或“世间是无常”……乃至……“如来死后既非存在又非不存在”。然而沙门乔达摩施设真实、如实、如是之道,[施设]法住性、法决定性。对于施设真实、如实、如是之道,[施设]法住性、法决定性者,像我这样的智者,怎能不把沙门乔达摩的善说随喜为善说呢?’”

422. Atha kho dvīhatīhassa accayena citto ca hatthisāriputto poṭṭhapādo ca paribbājako yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā citto hatthisāriputto bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Poṭṭhapādo pana paribbājako bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho poṭṭhapādo paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tadā maṃ, bhante, te paribbājakā acirapakkantassa bhagavato samantato vācāsannitodakena sañjhabbharimakaṃsu – ‘evameva panāyaṃ bhavaṃ poṭṭhapādo yaññadeva samaṇo gotamo bhāsati, taṃ tadevassa abbhanumodati – ‘evametaṃ bhagavā evametaṃ sugatā’’ti. Na kho pana mayaṃ kiñci samaṇassa gotamassa ekaṃsikaṃ dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāma – ‘‘sassato loko’’ti vā, ‘‘asassato loko’’ti vā, ‘‘antavā loko’’ti vā, ‘‘anantavā loko’’ti vā, ‘‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra’’nti vā, ‘‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīra’’nti vā, ‘‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’ti vā, ‘‘na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’ti vā, ‘‘hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’ti vā, ‘‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’ti vā’ti. Evaṃ vuttāhaṃ, bhante, te paribbājake etadavocaṃ – ‘ahampi kho, bho, na kiñci samaṇassa gotamassa ekaṃsikaṃ dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi – ‘‘sassato loko’’ti vā, ‘‘asassato loko’’ti vā…pe… ‘‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’ti vā; api ca samaṇo gotamo bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ tathaṃ paṭipadaṃ paññapeti dhammaṭṭhitataṃ dhammaniyāmataṃ. Bhūtaṃ kho pana tacchaṃ tathaṃ paṭipadaṃ paññapentassa dhammaṭṭhitataṃ dhammaniyāmataṃ, kathañhi nāma mādiso viññū samaṇassa gotamassa subhāsitaṃ subhāsitato nābbhanumodeyyā’’ti?
423缅 1.177已对照

“布咤婆楼,这些游方者全都是盲的、无眼的;唯有你一人在他们当中是有眼者。布咤婆楼,我既宣说、施设了一向的(ekaṃsika)诸法,布咤婆楼,我也宣说、施设了非一向的(anekaṃsika)诸法。“布咤婆楼,我所宣说、施设的非一向的诸法是哪些呢?布咤婆楼,‘世间是常’——这是我所宣说、施设的非一向的法;布咤婆楼,‘世间是无常’——这是我所宣说、施设的非一向的法;布咤婆楼,‘世间有边’……乃至……布咤婆楼,‘世间无边’……布咤婆楼,‘命即是身’……布咤婆楼,‘命异身异’……布咤婆楼,‘如来死后存在’……布咤婆楼,‘如来死后不存在’……布咤婆楼,‘如来死后既存在又不存在’……布咤婆楼,‘如来死后既非存在又非不存在’——这是我所宣说、施设的非一向的法。“布咤婆楼,我为什么宣说、施设这些非一向的法呢?布咤婆楼,因为这些不与义相应,不与法相应,非梵行之初,不导向厌离、离欲、灭、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃。所以我把它们宣说、施设为非一向的法。”

423. ‘‘Sabbeva kho ete, poṭṭhapāda, paribbājakā andhā acakkhukā; tvaṃyeva nesaṃ eko cakkhumā. Ekaṃsikāpi hi kho, poṭṭhapāda, mayā dhammā desitā paññattā; anekaṃsikāpi hi kho, poṭṭhapāda, mayā dhammā desitā paññattā.
‘‘Katame ca te, poṭṭhapāda, mayā anekaṃsikā dhammā desitā paññattā? ‘Sassato loko’ti [lokoti vā (sī. ka.)] kho, poṭṭhapāda, mayā anekaṃsiko dhammo desito paññatto; ‘asassato loko’ti [lokoti vā (sī. ka.)] kho, poṭṭhapāda, mayā anekaṃsiko dhammo desito paññatto; ‘antavā loko’ti [lokoti vā (sī. ka.)] kho poṭṭhapāda…pe… ‘anantavā loko’ti [lokoti vā (sī. ka.)] kho poṭṭhapāda… ‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra’nti kho poṭṭhapāda… ‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīra’nti kho poṭṭhapāda… ‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti kho poṭṭhapāda… na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti kho poṭṭhapāda… ‘hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti kho poṭṭhapāda… ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti kho, poṭṭhapāda, mayā anekaṃsiko dhammo desito paññatto.
‘‘Kasmā ca te, poṭṭhapāda, mayā anekaṃsikā dhammā desitā paññattā? Na hete, poṭṭhapāda, atthasaṃhitā na dhammasaṃhitā na ādibrahmacariyakā na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattanti. Tasmā te mayā anekaṃsikā dhammā desitā paññattā’’.
Ekaṃsikadhammo
424PTS 1.192已对照

一向的法“布咤婆楼,我所宣说、施设的一向的(ekaṃsika)诸法是哪些呢?布咤婆楼,‘此是苦’——这是我所宣说、施设的一向的法。布咤婆楼,‘此是苦之集’——这是我所宣说、施设的一向的法。布咤婆楼,‘此是苦之灭’——这是我所宣说、施设的一向的法。布咤婆楼,‘此是导至苦灭之道’——这是我所宣说、施设的一向的法。“布咤婆楼,我为什么宣说、施设这些一向的法呢?布咤婆楼,因为这些与义相应,这些与法相应,这些是梵行之初,这些导向厌离、离欲、灭、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃。所以我把它们宣说、施设为一向的法。

424. ‘‘Katame ca te, poṭṭhapāda, mayā ekaṃsikā dhammā desitā paññattā? Idaṃ dukkhanti kho, poṭṭhapāda, mayā ekaṃsiko dhammo desito paññatto. Ayaṃ dukkhasamudayoti kho, poṭṭhapāda, mayā ekaṃsiko dhammo desito paññatto. Ayaṃ dukkhanirodhoti kho, poṭṭhapāda, mayā ekaṃsiko dhammo desito paññatto. Ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti kho, poṭṭhapāda, mayā ekaṃsiko dhammo desito paññatto.
‘‘Kasmā ca te, poṭṭhapāda, mayā ekaṃsikā dhammā desitā paññattā? Ete, poṭṭhapāda, atthasaṃhitā, ete dhammasaṃhitā, ete ādibrahmacariyakā ete nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattanti. Tasmā te mayā ekaṃsikā dhammā desitā paññattā.
425PTS 1.193缅 1.178已对照

“布咤婆楼,有一些沙门、婆罗门持这样的说法、这样的见解:‘自我在死后是一向乐的、无病的。’我便前往他们那里这样说:‘诸位具寿,你们真的持这样的说法、这样的见解——“自我在死后是一向乐的、无病的”吗?’他们被我这样问时,若承认说‘是’,我便这样说:‘那么,诸位具寿,你们是知见着一向乐的世间而住的吗?’被这样问时,他们说‘不是’。“我便这样说:‘那么,诸位具寿,你们可曾在一夜或一日、半夜或半日之中,认知自己是一向乐的吗?’被这样问时,他们说‘不是’。我便这样说:‘那么,诸位具寿,你们知道“此是道,此是行道,能作证一向乐的世间”吗?’被这样问时,他们说‘不是’。“我便这样说:‘那么,诸位具寿,你们可曾听见那些已往生一向乐的世间的诸天说话的声音——“诸位友,你们已善行道了;诸位友,你们已正直行道了,为的是作证一向乐的世间;诸位友,我们也正是这样行道,才往生了一向乐的世间”吗?’被这样问时,他们说‘不是’。“布咤婆楼,你怎么想?这样一来,那些沙门、婆罗门所说的话岂不就成了无对治之说吗?”“尊者,确实如此;这样一来,那些沙门、婆罗门所说的话就成了无对治之说。”

425. ‘‘Santi, poṭṭhapāda, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘ekantasukhī attā hoti arogo paraṃ maraṇā’ti. Tyāhaṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vadāmi – ‘saccaṃ kira tumhe āyasmanto evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘‘ekantasukhī attā hoti arogo paraṃ maraṇā’ti? Te ce me evaṃ puṭṭhā ‘āmā’ti paṭijānanti. Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘api pana tumhe āyasmanto ekantasukhaṃ lokaṃ jānaṃ passaṃ viharathā’ti? Iti puṭṭhā ‘no’ti vadanti.
‘‘Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘api pana tumhe āyasmanto ekaṃ vā rattiṃ ekaṃ vā divasaṃ upaḍḍhaṃ vā rattiṃ upaḍḍhaṃ vā divasaṃ ekantasukhiṃ attānaṃ sañjānāthā’ti [sampajānāthāti (sī. syā. ka.)]? Iti puṭṭhā ‘no’ti vadanti. Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘api pana tumhe āyasmanto jānātha – ‘‘ayaṃ maggo ayaṃ paṭipadā ekantasukhassa lokassa sacchikiriyāyā’’’ti? Iti puṭṭhā ‘no’ti vadanti.
‘‘Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘api pana tumhe āyasmanto yā tā devatā ekantasukhaṃ lokaṃ upapannā, tāsaṃ bhāsamānānaṃ saddaṃ suṇātha – ‘‘suppaṭipannāttha, mārisā, ujuppaṭipannāttha, mārisā, ekantasukhassa lokassa sacchikiriyāya; mayampi hi, mārisā, evaṃpaṭipannā ekantasukhaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti? Iti puṭṭhā ‘no’ti vadanti.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, poṭṭhapāda, nanu evaṃ sante tesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ appāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante tesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ appāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī’’ti.
426PTS 1.194缅 1.179已对照

“布咤婆楼,譬如有人这样说:‘这个国中凡是国中第一美女(janapadakalyāṇī),我都想要她、爱慕她。’人们便对他这样说:‘喂,你这个人,你所想要、所爱慕的那位国中第一美女,你可知道她是刹帝利女(khattiyī)、婆罗门女、吠舍女(vessī),还是首陀罗女(suddī)?’被这样问时,他会说‘不知道’。人们又对他这样说:‘喂,你这个人,你所想要、所爱慕的那位国中第一美女,你可知道她名字如此、姓氏如此,或是高、是矮、是中等,是黑、是褐、还是金褐色的肤色,住在哪个村、哪个镇、哪个城?’被这样问时,他会说‘不知道’。人们又对他这样说:‘喂,你这个人,你既不知道、也没见过的人,你却想要她、爱慕她吗?’被这样问时,他会说‘是的’。“布咤婆楼,你怎么想?这样一来,那个人所说的话岂不就成了无对治之说吗?”“尊者,确实如此;这样一来,那个人所说的话就成了无对治之说。”“布咤婆楼,正是这样:那些沙门、婆罗门持这样的说法、这样的见解——‘自我在死后是一向乐的、无病的。’我便前往他们那里这样说:‘诸位具寿,你们真的持这样的说法、这样的见解——“自我在死后是一向乐的、无病的”吗?’他们被我这样问时,若承认说‘是’,我便这样说:‘那么,诸位具寿,你们是知见着一向乐的世间而住的吗?’被这样问时,他们说‘不是’。“我便这样说:‘那么,诸位具寿,你们可曾在一夜或一日、半夜或半日之中,认知自己是一向乐的吗?’被这样问时,他们说‘不是’。我便这样说:‘那么,诸位具寿,你们知道“此是道,此是行道,能作证一向乐的世间”吗?’被这样问时,他们说‘不是’。“我便这样说:‘那么,诸位具寿,你们可曾听见那些已往生一向乐的世间的诸天说话的声音——“诸位友,你们已善行道了;诸位友,你们已正直行道了,为的是作证一向乐的世间;诸位友,我们也正是这样行道,才往生了一向乐的世间”吗?’被这样问时,他们说‘不是’。“布咤婆楼,你怎么想?这样一来,那些沙门、婆罗门所说的话岂不就成了无对治之说吗?”“尊者,确实如此;这样一来,那些沙门、婆罗门所说的话就成了无对治之说。”

426. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, poṭṭhapāda, puriso evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ yā imasmiṃ janapade janapadakalyāṇī, taṃ icchāmi taṃ kāmemī’ti. Tamenaṃ evaṃ vadeyyuṃ – ‘ambho purisa, yaṃ tvaṃ janapadakalyāṇiṃ icchasi kāmesi, jānāsi taṃ janapadakalyāṇiṃ khattiyī vā brāhmaṇī vā vessī vā suddī vā’ti? Iti puṭṭho ‘no’ti vadeyya. Tamenaṃ evaṃ vadeyyuṃ – ‘ambho purisa, yaṃ tvaṃ janapadakalyāṇiṃ icchasi kāmesi, jānāsi taṃ janapadakalyāṇiṃ evaṃnāmā evaṃgottāti vā, dīghā vā rassā vā majjhimā vā kāḷī vā sāmā vā maṅguracchavī vāti, amukasmiṃ gāme vā nigame vā nagare vā’ti? Iti puṭṭho ‘no’ti vadeyya. Tamenaṃ evaṃ vadeyyuṃ – ‘ambho purisa, yaṃ tvaṃ na jānāsi na passasi, taṃ tvaṃ icchasi kāmesī’ti? Iti puṭṭho ‘āmā’ti vadeyya.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, poṭṭhapāda, nanu evaṃ sante tassa purisassa appāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante tassa purisassa appāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī’’ti.
‘‘Evameva kho, poṭṭhapāda, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘ekantasukhī attā hoti arogo paraṃ maraṇā’ti. Tyāhaṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vadāmi – ‘saccaṃ kira tumhe āyasmanto evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘‘ekantasukhī attā hoti arogo paraṃ maraṇā’’’ti? Te ce me evaṃ puṭṭhā ‘āmā’ti paṭijānanti. Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘api pana tumhe āyasmanto ekantasukhaṃ lokaṃ jānaṃ passaṃ viharathā’ti? Iti puṭṭhā ‘no’ti vadanti.
‘‘Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘api pana tumhe āyasmanto ekaṃ vā rattiṃ ekaṃ vā divasaṃ upaḍḍhaṃ vā rattiṃ upaḍḍhaṃ vā divasaṃ ekantasukhiṃ attānaṃ sañjānāthā’ti? Iti puṭṭhā ‘no’ti vadanti. Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘api pana tumhe āyasmanto jānātha – ‘‘ayaṃ maggo ayaṃ paṭipadā ekantasukhassa lokassa sacchikiriyāyā’ti? Iti puṭṭhā ‘no’ti vadanti.
‘‘Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘api pana tumhe āyasmanto yā tā devatā ekantasukhaṃ lokaṃ upapannā, tāsaṃ bhāsamānānaṃ saddaṃ suṇātha – ‘‘suppaṭipannāttha, mārisā, ujuppaṭipannāttha, mārisā, ekantasukhassa lokassa sacchikiriyāya; mayampi hi, mārisā, evaṃpaṭipannā ekantasukhaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’’’ti? Iti puṭṭhā ‘no’ti vadanti.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, poṭṭhapāda, nanu evaṃ sante tesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ appāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante tesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ appāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī’’ti.
427PTS 1.195缅 1.180已对照

“布咤婆楼,譬如有人在十字路口造一架梯子,为了登上一座楼阁。人们便对他这样说:‘喂,你这个人,你为了登上那座楼阁而造梯子,你可知道那座楼阁是在东方、南方、西方还是北方,是高、是低、还是中等?’被这样问时,他会说‘不知道’。人们又对他这样说:‘喂,你这个人,你既不知道、也没见过的那座楼阁,你却为了登上它而造梯子吗?’被这样问时,他会说‘是的’。“布咤婆楼,你怎么想?这样一来,那个人所说的话岂不就成了无对治之说吗?”“尊者,确实如此;这样一来,那个人所说的话就成了无对治之说。”“布咤婆楼,正是这样:那些沙门、婆罗门持这样的说法、这样的见解——‘自我在死后是一向乐的、无病的。’我便前往他们那里这样说:‘诸位具寿,你们真的持这样的说法、这样的见解——“自我在死后是一向乐的、无病的”吗?’他们被我这样问时,若承认说‘是’,我便这样说:‘那么,诸位具寿,你们是知见着一向乐的世间而住的吗?’被这样问时,他们说‘不是’。“我便这样说:‘那么,诸位具寿,你们可曾在一夜或一日、半夜或半日之中,认知自己是一向乐的吗?’被这样问时,他们说‘不是’。我便这样说:‘那么,诸位具寿,你们知道“此是道,此是行道,能作证一向乐的世间”吗?’被这样问时,他们说‘不是’。“我便这样说:‘那么,诸位具寿,你们可曾听见那些已往生一向乐的世间的诸天说话的声音——“诸位友,你们已善行道了;诸位友,你们已正直行道了,为的是作证一向乐的世间;诸位友,我们也正是这样行道,才往生了一向乐的世间”吗?’被这样问时,他们说‘不是’。“布咤婆楼,你怎么想?这样一来,那些沙门、婆罗门所说的话岂不就成了无对治之说吗?”“尊者,确实如此;这样一来,那些沙门、婆罗门所说的话就成了无对治之说。”

427. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, poṭṭhapāda, puriso cātumahāpathe nisseṇiṃ kareyya pāsādassa ārohaṇāya. Tamenaṃ evaṃ vadeyyuṃ – ‘ambho purisa, yassa tvaṃ [yaṃ tvaṃ (sī. ka.)] pāsādassa ārohaṇāya nisseṇiṃ karosi, jānāsi taṃ pāsādaṃ puratthimāya vā disāya dakkhiṇāya vā disāya pacchimāya vā disāya uttarāya vā disāya ucco vā nīco vā majjhimo vā’ti? Iti puṭṭho ‘no’ti vadeyya. Tamenaṃ evaṃ vadeyyuṃ – ‘ambho purisa, yaṃ tvaṃ na jānāsi na passasi, tassa tvaṃ pāsādassa ārohaṇāya nisseṇiṃ karosī’ti? Iti puṭṭho ‘āmā’ti vadeyya.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, poṭṭhapāda, nanu evaṃ sante tassa purisassa appāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante tassa purisassa appāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī’’ti.
‘‘Evameva kho, poṭṭhapāda, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘ekantasukhī attā hoti arogo paraṃ maraṇā’ti. Tyāhaṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vadāmi – ‘saccaṃ kira tumhe āyasmanto evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘‘ekantasukhī attā hoti arogo paraṃ maraṇā’ti? Te ce me evaṃ puṭṭhā ‘āmā’ti paṭijānanti. Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘api pana tumhe āyasmanto ekantasukhaṃ lokaṃ jānaṃ passaṃ viharathā’ti? Iti puṭṭhā ‘no’ti vadanti.
‘‘Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘api pana tumhe āyasmanto ekaṃ vā rattiṃ ekaṃ vā divasaṃ upaḍḍhaṃ vā rattiṃ upaḍḍhaṃ vā divasaṃ ekantasukhiṃ attānaṃ sañjānāthā’ti? Iti puṭṭhā ‘no’ti vadanti. Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘api pana tumhe āyasmanto jānātha ayaṃ maggo ayaṃ paṭipadā ekantasukhassa lokassa sacchikiriyāyā’ti? Iti puṭṭhā ‘no’ti vadanti.
‘‘Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘api pana tumhe āyasmanto yā tā devatā ekantasukhaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ tāsaṃ devatānaṃ bhāsamānānaṃ saddaṃ suṇātha- ‘‘suppaṭipannāttha, mārisā, ujuppaṭipannāttha, mārisā, ekantasukhassa lokassa sacchikiriyāya; mayampi hi, mārisā, evaṃ paṭipannā ekantasukhaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti? Iti puṭṭhā ‘‘no’’ti vadanti.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, poṭṭhapāda, nanu evaṃ sante tesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ appāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante tesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ appāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī’’ti.
Tayo attapaṭilābhā
428已对照

三种自体获得“布咤婆楼,有这三种自体获得(attapaṭilābha):粗的自体获得、意所成的自体获得、无色的自体获得。布咤婆楼,什么是粗的自体获得?有色、四大种所成、食段食的——这是粗的自体获得。什么是意所成的自体获得?有色、意所成、具足一切大小肢体、诸根不缺的——这是意所成的自体获得。什么是无色的自体获得?无色、想所成的——这是无色的自体获得。

428. ‘‘Tayo kho me, poṭṭhapāda, attapaṭilābhā – oḷāriko attapaṭilābho, manomayo attapaṭilābho, arūpo attapaṭilābho. Katamo ca, poṭṭhapāda, oḷāriko attapaṭilābho? Rūpī cātumahābhūtiko kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkho [kabaḷīkārabhakkho (syā. ka.)], ayaṃ oḷāriko attapaṭilābho. Katamo manomayo attapaṭilābho? Rūpī manomayo sabbaṅgapaccaṅgī ahīnindriyo, ayaṃ manomayo attapaṭilābho. Katamo arūpo attapaṭilābho? Arūpī saññāmayo, ayaṃ arūpo attapaṭilābho.
429PTS 1.196缅 1.181已对照

“布咤婆楼,我为断除粗的自体获得而说法:‘照这样行道的人,你们的杂染法(saṃkilesika)将被断除,净白法(vodāniya)将得增长,将于现法中自己以证智作证、成就并住于慧的圆满与广大。’布咤婆楼,你或许会这样想:‘杂染法将被断除,净白法将得增长,将于现法中自己以证智作证、成就并住于慧的圆满与广大;然而这样的住是苦的。’布咤婆楼,这一点却不应这样看。杂染法既将被断除,净白法既将得增长,将于现法中自己以证智作证、成就并住于慧的圆满与广大——那时将有愉悦、喜、轻安、念、正知,而住是乐的。

429. ‘‘Oḷārikassapi kho ahaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, attapaṭilābhassa pahānāya dhammaṃ desemi – yathāpaṭipannānaṃ vo saṃkilesikā dhammā pahīyissanti, vodāniyā dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathāti. Siyā kho pana te, poṭṭhapāda, evamassa – saṃkilesikā dhammā pahīyissanti, vodāniyā dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissati, dukkho ca kho vihāroti, na kho panetaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Saṃkilesikā ceva dhammā pahīyissanti, vodāniyā ca dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissati, pāmujjaṃ ceva bhavissati pīti ca passaddhi ca sati ca sampajaññañca sukho ca vihāro.
430已对照

“布咤婆楼,我也为断除意所成的自体获得而说法:‘照这样行道的人,你们的杂染法(saṃkilesika)将被断除,净白法(vodāniya)将得增长,将于现法中自己以证智作证、成就并住于慧的圆满与广大。’布咤婆楼,你或许会这样想:‘杂染法将被断除,净白法将得增长,将于现法中自己以证智作证、成就并住于慧的圆满与广大;然而这样的住是苦的。’布咤婆楼,这一点却不应这样看。杂染法既将被断除,净白法既将得增长,将于现法中自己以证智作证、成就并住于慧的圆满与广大——那时将有愉悦、喜、轻安、念、正知,而住是乐的。

430. ‘‘Manomayassapi kho ahaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, attapaṭilābhassa pahānāya dhammaṃ desemi yathāpaṭipannānaṃ vo saṃkilesikā dhammā pahīyissanti, vodāniyā dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathāti. Siyā kho pana te, poṭṭhapāda, evamassa – ‘saṃkilesikā dhammā pahīyissanti, vodāniyā dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissati, dukkho ca kho vihāro’ti, na kho panetaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Saṃkilesikā ceva dhammā pahīyissanti, vodāniyā ca dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissati, pāmujjaṃ ceva bhavissati pīti ca passaddhi ca sati ca sampajaññañca sukho ca vihāro.
431PTS 1.197缅 1.182已对照

“布咤婆楼,我也为断除无色的自体获得而说法:‘照这样行道的人,你们的杂染法(saṃkilesika)将被断除,净白法(vodāniya)将得增长,将于现法中自己以证智作证、成就并住于慧的圆满与广大。’布咤婆楼,你或许会这样想:‘杂染法将被断除,净白法将得增长,将于现法中自己以证智作证、成就并住于慧的圆满与广大;然而这样的住是苦的。’布咤婆楼,这一点却不应这样看。杂染法既将被断除,净白法既将得增长,将于现法中自己以证智作证、成就并住于慧的圆满与广大——那时将有愉悦、喜、轻安、念、正知,而住是乐的。

431. ‘‘Arūpassapi kho ahaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, attapaṭilābhassa pahānāya dhammaṃ desemi yathāpaṭipannānaṃ vo saṃkilesikā dhammā pahīyissanti, vodāniyā dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathāti. Siyā kho pana te, poṭṭhapāda, evamassa – ‘saṃkilesikā dhammā pahīyissanti, vodāniyā dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissati, dukkho ca kho vihāro’ti, na kho panetaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Saṃkilesikā ceva dhammā pahīyissanti, vodāniyā ca dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissati, pāmujjaṃ ceva bhavissati pīti ca passaddhi ca sati ca sampajaññañca sukho ca vihāro.
432已对照

“布咤婆楼,若别人这样问我们:‘贤友,你们为断除它而说法、说“照这样行道的人,你们的杂染法将被断除,净白法将得增长,将于现法中自己以证智作证、成就并住于慧的圆满与广大”的那个粗的自体获得,究竟是哪一个呢?’我们被这样问时,便会这样解答:‘贤友,我们为断除它而说法、说“照这样行道的人,你们的杂染法将被断除,净白法将得增长,将于现法中自己以证智作证、成就并住于慧的圆满与广大”的那个粗的自体获得,就是这个。’”

432. ‘‘Pare ce, poṭṭhapāda, amhe evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘katamo pana so, āvuso, oḷāriko attapaṭilābho, yassa tumhe pahānāya dhammaṃ desetha, yathāpaṭipannānaṃ vo saṃkilesikā dhammā pahīyissanti, vodāniyā dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathā’ti, tesaṃ mayaṃ evaṃ puṭṭhā evaṃ byākareyyāma – ‘ayaṃ vā so, āvuso, oḷāriko attapaṭilābho, yassa mayaṃ pahānāya dhammaṃ desema, yathāpaṭipannānaṃ vo saṃkilesikā dhammā pahīyissanti, vodāniyā dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathā’ti.
433PTS 1.198已对照

“布咤婆楼,若别人这样问我们:‘贤友,你们为断除它而说法、说“照这样行道的人,你们的杂染法将被断除,净白法将得增长,将于现法中自己以证智作证、成就并住于慧的圆满与广大”的那个意所成的自体获得,究竟是哪一个呢?’我们被这样问时,便会这样解答:‘贤友,我们为断除它而说法、说“照这样行道的人,你们的杂染法将被断除,净白法将得增长,将于现法中自己以证智作证、成就并住于慧的圆满与广大”的那个意所成的自体获得,就是这个。’”

433. ‘‘Pare ce, poṭṭhapāda, amhe evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘katamo pana so, āvuso, manomayo attapaṭilābho, yassa tumhe pahānāya dhammaṃ desetha, yathāpaṭipannānaṃ vo saṃkilesikā dhammā pahīyissanti, vodāniyā dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathā’ti? Tesaṃ mayaṃ evaṃ puṭṭhā evaṃ byākareyyāma – ‘ayaṃ vā so, āvuso, manomayo attapaṭilābho yassa mayaṃ pahānāya dhammaṃ desema, yathāpaṭipannānaṃ vo saṃkilesikā dhammā pahīyissanti, vodāniyā dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathā’ti.
434缅 1.183已对照

“布咤婆楼,若别人这样问我们:‘贤友,你们为断除它而说法、说“照这样行道的人,你们的杂染法将被断除,净白法将得增长,将于现法中自己以证智作证、成就并住于慧的圆满与广大”的那个无色的自体获得,究竟是哪一个呢?’我们被这样问时,便会这样解答:‘贤友,我们为断除它而说法、说“照这样行道的人,你们的杂染法将被断除,净白法将得增长,将于现法中自己以证智作证、成就并住于慧的圆满与广大”的那个无色的自体获得,就是这个。’布咤婆楼,你怎么想?这样一来,所说的话岂不就成了有对治之说(sappāṭihīrakata)吗?”“尊者,确实如此;这样一来,所说的话就成了有对治之说。”

434. ‘‘Pare ce, poṭṭhapāda, amhe evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘katamo pana so, āvuso, arūpo attapaṭilābho, yassa tumhe pahānāya dhammaṃ desetha, yathāpaṭipannānaṃ vo saṃkilesikā dhammā pahīyissanti, vodāniyā dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathā’ti, tesaṃ mayaṃ evaṃ puṭṭhā evaṃ byākareyyāma – ‘ayaṃ vā so, āvuso, arūpo attapaṭilābho yassa mayaṃ pahānāya dhammaṃ desema, yathāpaṭipannānaṃ vo saṃkilesikā dhammā pahīyissanti, vodāniyā dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathā’ti.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, poṭṭhapāda, nanu evaṃ sante sappāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante sappāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī’’ti.
435已对照

“布咤婆楼,譬如有人为了登上一座楼阁而造梯子,就造在那座楼阁的下面。人们便对他这样说:‘喂,你这个人,你为了登上那座楼阁而造梯子,你可知道那座楼阁是在东方、南方、西方还是北方,是高、是低、还是中等?’他会这样说:‘贤友,我为了登上它而造梯子的那座楼阁,就是这一座;[我造梯子]就在那座楼阁的下面。’布咤婆楼,你怎么想?这样一来,那个人所说的话岂不就成了有对治之说吗?”“尊者,确实如此;这样一来,那个人所说的话就成了有对治之说。”

435. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, poṭṭhapāda, puriso nisseṇiṃ kareyya pāsādassa ārohaṇāya tasseva pāsādassa heṭṭhā. Tamenaṃ evaṃ vadeyyuṃ – ‘ambho purisa, yassa tvaṃ pāsādassa ārohaṇāya nisseṇiṃ karosi, jānāsi taṃ pāsādaṃ, puratthimāya vā disāya dakkhiṇāya vā disāya pacchimāya vā disāya uttarāya vā disāya ucco vā nīco vā majjhimo vā’ti? So evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ayaṃ vā so, āvuso, pāsādo, yassāhaṃ ārohaṇāya nisseṇiṃ karomi, tasseva pāsādassa heṭṭhā’ti.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, poṭṭhapāda, nanu evaṃ sante tassa purisassa sappāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante tassa purisassa sappāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī’’ti.
436PTS 1.199缅 1.184已对照

“布咤婆楼,正是这样:若别人这样问我们:‘贤友,那个粗的自体获得究竟是哪一个呢?……乃至……贤友,那个意所成的自体获得究竟是哪一个呢?……乃至……贤友,你们为断除它而说法、说“照这样行道的人,你们的杂染法将被断除,净白法将得增长,将于现法中自己以证智作证、成就并住于慧的圆满与广大”的那个无色的自体获得,究竟是哪一个呢?’我们被这样问时,便会这样解答:‘贤友,我们为断除它而说法、说“照这样行道的人,你们的杂染法将被断除,净白法将得增长,将于现法中自己以证智作证、成就并住于慧的圆满与广大”的那个无色的自体获得,就是这个。’“布咤婆楼,你怎么想?这样一来,所说的话岂不就成了有对治之说吗?”“尊者,确实如此;这样一来,所说的话就成了有对治之说。”

436. ‘‘Evameva kho, poṭṭhapāda, pare ce amhe evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘katamo pana so, āvuso, oḷāriko attapaṭilābho…pe… katamo pana so, āvuso, manomayo attapaṭilābho…pe… katamo pana so, āvuso, arūpo attapaṭilābho, yassa tumhe pahānāya dhammaṃ desetha, yathāpaṭipannānaṃ vo saṃkilesikā dhammā pahīyissanti, vodāniyā dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathā’ti, tesaṃ mayaṃ evaṃ puṭṭhā evaṃ byākareyyāma – ‘ayaṃ vā so, āvuso, arūpo attapaṭilābho, yassa mayaṃ pahānāya dhammaṃ desema, yathāpaṭipannānaṃ vo saṃkilesikā dhammā pahīyissanti, vodāniyā dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathā’ti.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, poṭṭhapāda, nanu evaṃ sante sappāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante sappāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī’’ti.
437PTS 1.200已对照

这样说时,质多·象师子对世尊这样说:“尊者,在有粗的自体获得的时候,他那时的意所成的自体获得是虚的,无色的自体获得也是虚的;那时唯有他粗的自体获得是实的。尊者,在有意所成的自体获得的时候,他那时的粗的自体获得是虚的,无色的自体获得也是虚的;那时唯有他意所成的自体获得是实的。尊者,在有无色的自体获得的时候,他那时的粗的自体获得是虚的,意所成的自体获得也是虚的;那时唯有他无色的自体获得是实的。”“质多,在有粗的自体获得的时候,那时既不算作意所成的自体获得,也不算作无色的自体获得;那时只算作粗的自体获得。质多,在有意所成的自体获得的时候,那时既不算作粗的自体获得,也不算作无色的自体获得;那时只算作意所成的自体获得。质多,在有无色的自体获得的时候,那时既不算作粗的自体获得,也不算作意所成的自体获得;那时只算作无色的自体获得。

437. Evaṃ vutte citto hatthisāriputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yasmiṃ, bhante, samaye oḷāriko attapaṭilābho hoti, moghassa tasmiṃ samaye manomayo attapaṭilābho hoti, mogho arūpo attapaṭilābho hoti; oḷāriko vāssa attapaṭilābho tasmiṃ samaye sacco hoti. Yasmiṃ, bhante, samaye manomayo attapaṭilābho hoti, moghassa tasmiṃ samaye oḷāriko attapaṭilābho hoti, mogho arūpo attapaṭilābho hoti; manomayo vāssa attapaṭilābho tasmiṃ samaye sacco hoti. Yasmiṃ, bhante, samaye arūpo attapaṭilābho hoti, moghassa tasmiṃ samaye oḷāriko attapaṭilābho hoti, mogho manomayo attapaṭilābho hoti; arūpo vāssa attapaṭilābho tasmiṃ samaye sacco hotī’’ti.
‘‘Yasmiṃ, citta, samaye oḷāriko attapaṭilābho hoti, neva tasmiṃ samaye manomayo attapaṭilābhoti saṅkhaṃ gacchati, na arūpo attapaṭilābhoti saṅkhaṃ gacchati; oḷāriko attapaṭilābhotveva tasmiṃ samaye saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Yasmiṃ, citta, samaye manomayo attapaṭilābho hoti, neva tasmiṃ samaye oḷāriko attapaṭilābhoti saṅkhaṃ gacchati, na arūpo attapaṭilābhoti saṅkhaṃ gacchati; manomayo attapaṭilābhotveva tasmiṃ samaye saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Yasmiṃ, citta, samaye arūpo attapaṭilābho hoti, neva tasmiṃ samaye oḷāriko attapaṭilābhoti saṅkhaṃ gacchati, na manomayo attapaṭilābhoti saṅkhaṃ gacchati; arūpo attapaṭilābhotveva tasmiṃ samaye saṅkhaṃ gacchati.
438PTS 1.201缅 1.185已对照

“质多,假如有人这样问你:‘你在过去世曾经存在,并非不曾存在;你在未来世将会存在,并非不会存在;你现在存在,并非不存在。’质多,被这样问时,你会怎样解答呢?”“尊者,假如有人这样问我:‘你在过去世曾经存在,并非不曾存在;你在未来世将会存在,并非不会存在;你现在存在,并非不存在。’尊者,被这样问时,我会这样解答:‘我在过去世曾经存在,并非不曾存在;我在未来世将会存在,并非不会存在;我现在存在,并非不存在。’尊者,被这样问时,我会这样解答。”“质多,那么假如有人这样问你:‘你过去曾有的那个自体获得——唯有那个自体获得于你是实的,未来的是虚的,现在的是虚的吗?你未来将有的那个自体获得——唯有那个自体获得于你是实的,过去的是虚的,现在的是虚的吗?你现在所有的那个自体获得——唯有那个自体获得于你是实的,过去的是虚的,未来的是虚的吗?’质多,被这样问时,你会怎样解答呢?”“尊者,那么假如有人这样问我:‘你过去曾有的那个自体获得——唯有那个自体获得于你是实的,未来的是虚的,现在的是虚的?你未来将有的那个自体获得——唯有那个自体获得于你是实的,过去的是虚的,现在的是虚的?你现在所有的那个自体获得——唯有那个自体获得于你是实的,过去的是虚的,未来的是虚的?’尊者,被这样问时,我会这样解答:‘我过去曾有的那个自体获得——唯有那个自体获得于我在那时是实的,未来的是虚的,现在的是虚的;我未来将有的那个自体获得——唯有那个自体获得于我在那时将是实的,过去的是虚的,现在的是虚的;我现在所有的那个自体获得——唯有那个自体获得于我是实的,过去的是虚的,未来的是虚的。’尊者,被这样问时,我会这样解答。”

438. ‘‘Sace taṃ, citta, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘ahosi tvaṃ atītamaddhānaṃ, na tvaṃ nāhosi; bhavissasi tvaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, na tvaṃ na bhavissasi; atthi tvaṃ etarahi, na tvaṃ natthī’ti, evaṃ puṭṭho tvaṃ, citta, kinti byākareyyāsī’’ti?
‘‘Sace maṃ, bhante, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘ahosi tvaṃ atītamaddhānaṃ, na tvaṃ na ahosi; bhavissasi tvaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, na tvaṃ na bhavissasi; atthi tvaṃ etarahi, na tvaṃ natthī’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭho ahaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ – ‘ahosāhaṃ atītamaddhānaṃ, nāhaṃ na ahosiṃ; bhavissāmahaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, nāhaṃ na bhavissāmi; atthāhaṃ etarahi, nāhaṃ natthī’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭho ahaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyya’’nti.
‘‘Sace pana taṃ, citta, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘yo te ahosi atīto attapaṭilābho, sova [sveva (sī. pī.), soyeva (syā.)] te attapaṭilābho sacco, mogho anāgato, mogho paccuppanno? Yo [yo vā (pī.)] te bhavissati anāgato attapaṭilābho, sova te attapaṭilābho sacco, mogho atīto, mogho paccuppanno? Yo [yo vā (pī.)] te etarahi paccuppanno attapaṭilābho, sova [so ca (ka.)] te attapaṭilābho sacco, mogho atīto, mogho anāgato’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭho tvaṃ, citta, kinti byākareyyāsī’’ti?
‘‘Sace pana maṃ, bhante, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘yo te ahosi atīto attapaṭilābho, sova te attapaṭilābho sacco, mogho anāgato, mogho paccuppanno. Yo te bhavissati anāgato attapaṭilābho, sova te attapaṭilābho sacco, mogho atīto, mogho paccuppanno. Yo te etarahi paccuppanno attapaṭilābho, sova te attapaṭilābho sacco, mogho atīto, mogho anāgato’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭho ahaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ – ‘yo me ahosi atīto attapaṭilābho, sova me attapaṭilābho tasmiṃ samaye sacco ahosi, mogho anāgato, mogho paccuppanno. Yo me bhavissati anāgato attapaṭilābho, sova me attapaṭilābho tasmiṃ samaye sacco bhavissati, mogho atīto, mogho paccuppanno. Yo me etarahi paccuppanno attapaṭilābho, sova me attapaṭilābho sacco, mogho atīto, mogho anāgato’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭho ahaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyya’’nti.
439缅 1.186已对照

“质多,正是这样:在有粗的自体获得的时候,那时既不算作意所成的自体获得,也不算作无色的自体获得;那时只算作粗的自体获得。质多,在有意所成的自体获得的时候……乃至……质多,在有无色的自体获得的时候,那时既不算作粗的自体获得,也不算作意所成的自体获得;那时只算作无色的自体获得。

439. ‘‘Evameva kho, citta, yasmiṃ samaye oḷāriko attapaṭilābho hoti, neva tasmiṃ samaye manomayo attapaṭilābhoti saṅkhaṃ gacchati, na arūpo attapaṭilābhoti saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Oḷāriko attapaṭilābho tveva tasmiṃ samaye saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Yasmiṃ, citta, samaye manomayo attapaṭilābho hoti…pe… yasmiṃ, citta, samaye arūpo attapaṭilābho hoti, neva tasmiṃ samaye oḷāriko attapaṭilābhoti saṅkhaṃ gacchati, na manomayo attapaṭilābhoti saṅkhaṃ gacchati; arūpo attapaṭilābho tveva tasmiṃ samaye saṅkhaṃ gacchati.
440PTS 1.202已对照

“质多,譬如从牛有乳,从乳有酪(dadhi),从酪有生酥(navanīta),从生酥有熟酥(sappi),从熟酥有醍醐(sappimaṇḍa)。在有乳的时候,那时既不算作酪,也不算作生酥,也不算作熟酥,也不算作醍醐;那时只算作乳。在有酪的时候……乃至……有生酥的时候……有熟酥的时候……在有醍醐的时候,那时既不算作乳,也不算作酪,也不算作生酥,也不算作熟酥;那时只算作醍醐。质多,正是这样:在有粗的自体获得的时候……乃至……质多,在有意所成的自体获得的时候……乃至……质多,在有无色的自体获得的时候,那时既不算作粗的自体获得,也不算作意所成的自体获得;那时只算作无色的自体获得。质多,这些只是世间共称(lokasamaññā)、世间语言(lokanirutti)、世间用语(lokavohāra)、世间施设(lokapaññatti);如来以这些而言说,却不执取(aparāmasaṃ)。”

440. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, citta, gavā khīraṃ, khīramhā dadhi, dadhimhā navanītaṃ, navanītamhā sappi, sappimhā sappimaṇḍo. Yasmiṃ samaye khīraṃ hoti, neva tasmiṃ samaye dadhīti saṅkhaṃ gacchati, na navanītanti saṅkhaṃ gacchati, na sappīti saṅkhaṃ gacchati, na sappimaṇḍoti saṅkhaṃ gacchati; khīraṃ tveva tasmiṃ samaye saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Yasmiṃ samaye dadhi hoti…pe… navanītaṃ hoti… sappi hoti… sappimaṇḍo hoti, neva tasmiṃ samaye khīranti saṅkhaṃ gacchati, na dadhīti saṅkhaṃ gacchati, na navanītanti saṅkhaṃ gacchati, na sappīti saṅkhaṃ gacchati; sappimaṇḍo tveva tasmiṃ samaye saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Evameva kho, citta, yasmiṃ samaye oḷāriko attapaṭilābho hoti…pe… yasmiṃ, citta, samaye manomayo attapaṭilābho hoti…pe… yasmiṃ, citta, samaye arūpo attapaṭilābho hoti, neva tasmiṃ samaye oḷāriko attapaṭilābhoti saṅkhaṃ gacchati, na manomayo attapaṭilābhoti saṅkhaṃ gacchati; arūpo attapaṭilābho tveva tasmiṃ samaye saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Imā kho citta, lokasamaññā lokaniruttiyo lokavohārā lokapaññattiyo, yāhi tathāgato voharati aparāmasa’’nti.
441已对照

这样说时,游方者布咤婆楼对世尊这样说:“奇哉!尊者,奇哉!尊者。尊者,犹如把倒覆的扶起,把遮蔽的揭开,为迷路者指示道路,在黑暗中持来油灯,使有眼者得见诸色。正是如此,世尊以种种方式开显了法。尊者,我皈依(saraṇa)世尊、法(dhamma)与比丘僧团(bhikkhusaṅgha)。愿世尊忆持我为优婆塞,从今日起,终生皈依。”

441. Evaṃ vutte, poṭṭhapādo paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante! Abhikkantaṃ, bhante, seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya – ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti. Evamevaṃ bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
Cittahatthisāriputtaupasampadā
442缅 1.187已对照

质多·象师子的具足戒而质多·象师子对世尊这样说:“奇哉!尊者,奇哉!尊者。尊者,犹如把倒覆的扶起,把遮蔽的揭开,为迷路者指示道路,在黑暗中持来油灯,使有眼者得见诸色。正是如此,世尊以种种方式开显了法。尊者,我皈依(saraṇa)世尊、法(dhamma)与比丘僧团(bhikkhusaṅgha)。尊者,愿我能在世尊座下得出家(pabbajjā),得具足戒(upasampadā)。”

442. Citto pana hatthisāriputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante; abhikkantaṃ, bhante! Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya – ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti. Evamevaṃ bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Labheyyāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ, labheyyaṃ upasampada’’nti.
443PTS 1.203已对照

质多·象师子便在世尊座下得了出家,得了具足戒。具寿质多·象师子(āyasmā Citta Hatthisāriputta)受具足戒后不久,独居、远离、不放逸、热忱、自励而住,不久便就在现法中自己以证智证知、成就并住于那无上的梵行终点——善男子们正是为此而正确地从家出家、成为无家者的。他证知:‘生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,再无后有。’而具寿质多·象师子也成为阿罗汉之一。第九《布咤婆楼经》完。

443. Alattha kho citto hatthisāriputto bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ, alattha upasampadaṃ. Acirūpasampanno kho panāyasmā citto hatthisāriputto eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto na cirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti – abbhaññāsi. Aññataro kho panāyasmā citto hatthisāriputto arahataṃ ahosīti.
Poṭṭhapādasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ navamaṃ.