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中部第52经 · 八城经 Aṭṭhakanāgarasuttaṃ

本经目录二、八城经

17已对照

二、八城经

十七、如是我闻——一时，具寿阿难住在毘舍离的竹林村（Beluvagāmaka）。那时，八城的第十居士（Dasama gahapati Aṭṭhakanāgara）因某件应作之事来到了波吒厘子城（Pāṭaliputta）。于是，八城的第十居士来到鸡园（Kukkuṭārāma），来到某位比丘之处；到了之后，礼敬那位比丘，坐在一旁。坐在一旁的八城的第十居士对那位比丘这样说——“尊者，具寿阿难现在住在哪里？因为我们想见那位具寿阿难。”“居士，那位具寿阿难住在毘舍离的竹林村。”于是，八城的第十居士在波吒厘子城把那事办完之后，来到毘舍离，来到竹林村，来到具寿阿难之处；到了之后，礼敬具寿阿难，坐在一旁。

17. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ānando vesāliyaṃ viharati beluvagāmake [veḷuvagāmake (syā. kaṃ. ka.)]. Tena kho pana samayena dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputtaṃ anuppatto hoti kenacideva karaṇīyena. Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro yena kukkuṭārāmo yena aññataro bhikkhu tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kahaṃ nu kho, bhante, āyasmā ānando etarahi viharati? Dassanakāmā hi mayaṃ taṃ āyasmantaṃ ānanda’’nti. ‘‘Eso, gahapati, āyasmā ānando vesāliyaṃ viharati beluvagāmake’’ti. Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputte taṃ karaṇīyaṃ tīretvā yena vesālī yena beluvagāmako yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.
18缅 2.13已对照

十八、坐在一旁的八城的第十居士对具寿阿难这样说——“阿难尊者，有没有那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所说的一法：在那里，比丘不放逸、热勤、自策励而住时，未解脱的心便得解脱，未遍尽的诸漏便趋于遍尽，未证得的无上的瑜伽安稳（yogakkhema）便得证得？”

18. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘atthi nu kho, bhante ānanda, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañceva cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattañca anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇātī’’ti?
PTS 1.350已对照

“居士，有那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所说的一法：在那里，比丘不放逸、热勤、自策励而住时，未解脱的心便得解脱，未遍尽的诸漏便趋于遍尽，未证得的无上的瑜伽安稳便得证得。”

‘‘Atthi kho, gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañceva cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattañca anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇātī’’ti.
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“阿难尊者，那么什么是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所说的一法：在那里，比丘不放逸、热勤、自策励而住时，未解脱的心便得解脱，未遍尽的诸漏便趋于遍尽，未证得的无上的瑜伽安稳便得证得呢？”

‘‘Katamo pana, bhante ānanda, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañceva cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattañca anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇātī’’ti?
19已对照

十九、“居士，在此，比丘已离诸欲，离诸不善法，有寻、有伺，离生喜、乐，成就并住于初禅。他这样思察：‘这初禅也是被造作的、被思所策发的。凡任何被造作的、被思所策发的，那是无常的、灭法。’他[这样]了知。他住立于彼，达到诸漏的灭尽；若未达到诸漏的灭尽，便以那法贪（dhammarāga）、那法欢喜，以五下分结的灭尽而为化生者，将在那里般涅槃，不再从彼世间还来。居士，这也是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所说的一法：在那里，比丘不放逸、热勤、自策励而住时，未解脱的心便得解脱，未遍尽的诸漏便趋于遍尽，未证得的无上的瑜伽安稳便得证得。

19. ‘‘Idha, gahapati, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘idampi paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’nti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti. No ce āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti, teneva dhammarāgena tāya dhammanandiyā pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. Ayampi kho, gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañceva cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattañca anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
20PTS 1.351已对照

二十、“再者，居士，比丘寻、伺寂止，内洁净……乃至……成就并住于第二禅。他这样思察：‘这第二禅也是被造作的、被思所策发的……未证得的无上的瑜伽安稳便得证得。

20. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ…pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘idampi kho dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
缅 2.14已对照

“再者，居士，比丘离喜……乃至……成就并住于第三禅。他这样思察：‘这第三禅也是被造作的、被思所策发的……乃至……未证得的无上的瑜伽安稳便得证得。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘idampi kho tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ…pe… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
已对照

“再者，居士，比丘舍断乐……乃至……成就并住于第四禅。他这样思察：‘这第四禅也是被造作的、被思所策发的……未证得的无上的瑜伽安稳便得证得。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā …pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘idampi kho catutthaṃ jhānaṃ abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
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“再者，居士，比丘以与慈俱的心遍满一方而住，第二[方]亦然，第三[方]亦然，第四[方]亦然；如是于上、下、四方，于一切处，以一切为己，以与慈俱的心，广、大、无量、无怨、无恼害，遍满一切世间而住。他这样思察：‘这慈心解脱也是被造作的、被思所策发的。凡任何被造作的、被思所策发的，那是无常的、灭法。’他[这样]了知。他住立于彼……乃至……未证得的无上的瑜伽安稳便得证得。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ [catutthiṃ (sī. pī.)]. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena [abyāpajjhena (sī. syā. pī.), abyāpajjena (ka.) aṅguttaratikanipātaṭīkā oloketabbā] pharitvā viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayampi kho mettācetovimutti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’nti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito…pe… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
PTS 1.352已对照

“再者，居士，比丘以与悲俱的心……乃至……以与喜俱的心……乃至……以与舍俱的心遍满一方而住，第二[方]亦然，第三[方]亦然，第四[方]亦然；如是于上、下、四方，于一切处，以一切为己，以与舍俱的心，广、大、无量、无怨、无恼害，遍满一切世间而住。他这样思察：‘这舍心解脱也是被造作的、被思所策发的。凡任何被造作的、被思所策发的，那是无常的、灭法。’他[这样]了知。他住立于彼……未证得的无上的瑜伽安稳便得证得。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu karuṇāsahagatena cetasā…pe… muditāsahagatena cetasā…pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena pharitvā viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayampi kho upekkhācetovimutti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’nti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
缅 2.15已对照

“再者，居士，比丘完全超越色想，有对想灭没，不作意种种想，[知]‘虚空是无边的’，成就并住于空无边处。他这样思察：‘这空无边处等至也是被造作的、被思所策发的。凡任何被造作的、被思所策发的，那是无常的、灭法。’他[这样]了知。他住立于彼……乃至……未证得的无上的瑜伽安稳便得证得。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayampi kho ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpatti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’nti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito…pe… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
已对照

“再者，居士，比丘完全超越空无边处，[知]‘识是无边的’，成就并住于识无边处。他这样思察：‘这识无边处等至也是被造作的、被思所策发的。凡任何被造作的、被思所策发的，那是无常的、灭法。’他[这样]了知。他住立于彼……乃至……未证得的无上的瑜伽安稳便得证得。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayampi kho viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpatti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’nti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito…pe… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
已对照

“再者，居士，比丘完全超越识无边处，[知]‘什么都没有’，成就并住于无所有处。他这样思察：‘这无所有处等至也是被造作的、被思所策发的。凡任何被造作的、被思所策发的，那是无常的、灭法。’他[这样]了知。他住立于彼，达到诸漏的灭尽；若未达到诸漏的灭尽，便以那法贪、那法欢喜，以五下分结的灭尽而为化生者，将在那里般涅槃，不再从彼世间还来。居士，这也是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所说的一法：在那里，比丘不放逸、热勤、自策励而住时，未解脱的心便得解脱，未遍尽的诸漏便趋于遍尽，未证得的无上的瑜伽安稳便得证得。”

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayampi kho ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpatti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’nti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti. No ce āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti, teneva dhammarāgena tāya dhammanandiyā pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. Ayampi kho, gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañceva cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattañca anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇātī’’ti.
21PTS 1.353缅 2.16已对照

二十一、这样说时，八城的第十居士对具寿阿难这样说——“阿难尊者，犹如有人寻求仅仅一处宝藏口，一举获得十一处宝藏口；尊者，正是这样，我寻求一种不死之门（amatadvāra），一举获得了十一种不死之门以供修习。尊者，犹如有人的屋有十一扇门；那屋着火时，他能以其中任何一扇门使自己平安；尊者，正是这样，我也将能以这十一种不死之门中任何一种不死之门使自己平安。尊者，这些外道尚且会为老师寻求师礼（ācariyadhana），我又怎能不对具寿阿难作供养呢！”于是，八城的第十居士召集了波吒厘子城与毘舍离的比丘僧团，以上妙的嚼食、啖食亲手奉侍[他们]，使之饱足满意，并给每一位比丘各披上一双衣，给具寿阿难披上三衣，又为具寿阿难建造了值五百的精舍。

21. Evaṃ vutte, dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhante ānanda, puriso ekaṃva nidhimukhaṃ gavesanto sakideva ekādasa nidhimukhāni adhigaccheyya; evameva kho ahaṃ, bhante, ekaṃ amatadvāraṃ gavesanto sakideva [sakiṃ deva (ka.)] ekādasa amatadvārāni alatthaṃ bhāvanāya. Seyyathāpi, bhante, purisassa agāraṃ ekādasadvāraṃ, so tasmiṃ agāre āditte ekamekenapi dvārena sakkuṇeyya attānaṃ sotthiṃ kātuṃ; evameva kho ahaṃ, bhante, imesaṃ ekādasannaṃ amatadvārānaṃ ekamekenapi amatadvārena sakkuṇissāmi attānaṃ sotthiṃ kātuṃ. Imehi nāma, bhante, aññatitthiyā ācariyassa ācariyadhanaṃ pariyesissanti, kimaṅgaṃ [kiṃ (sī. pī.)] panāhaṃ āyasmato ānandassa pūjaṃ na karissāmī’’ti! Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputtakañca vesālikañca bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātetvā paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi, ekamekañca bhikkhuṃ paccekaṃ dussayugena acchādesi, āyasmantañca ānandaṃ ticīvarena acchādesi, āyasmato ca ānandassa pañcasatavihāraṃ kārāpesīti.
Aṭṭhakanāgarasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dutiyaṃ.
已对照

《八城经》终，[《居士品》中之]第二[经]。

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